Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2271243649', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2014.050', 'title': 'Tracer study to verify hydraulic limits and determine water residence times in a distribution system: Part I', 'display_name': 'Tracer study to verify hydraulic limits and determine water residence times in a distribution system: Part I', 'publication_year': 2014, 'publication_date': '2014-12-30', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2271243649', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2014.050', 'mag': '2271243649'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2014.050', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210210829', 'display_name': 'Journal of Water Supply Research and Technology—AQUA', 'issn_l': '0003-7214', 'issn': ['0003-7214', '1365-2087'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320510', 'host_organization_name': 'UWA Publishing', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320510'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['UWA Publishing'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2014.050', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5024660711', 'display_name': 'François-Julien Delisle', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210089084', 'display_name': 'Roche (Canada)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/006hrz834', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I118019719', 'https://openalex.org/I4210089084']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'François-Julien Delisle', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Roche Ltd Consulting Group, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Roche Ltd Consulting Group, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210089084']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5034255835', 'display_name': 'Simon Rochette', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I43406934', 'display_name': 'Université Laval', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04sjchr03', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I43406934']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Simon Rochette', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Civil and Water Engineering, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Civil and Water Engineering, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I43406934']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5101822571', 'display_name': 'Geneviève Pelletier', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1744-1550'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I43406934', 'display_name': 'Université Laval', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04sjchr03', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I43406934']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Geneviève Pelletier', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Civil and Water Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Université Laval, Pavillon Adrien Pouliot, 1065, avenue de la Médicine, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Civil and Water Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Université Laval, Pavillon Adrien Pouliot, 1065, avenue de la Médicine, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I43406934']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5018881039', 'display_name': 'Manuel J. Rodríguez', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2010-6438'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I43406934', 'display_name': 'Université Laval', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04sjchr03', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I43406934']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Manuel J. Rodriguez', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['ESAD, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'ESAD, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I43406934']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5101822571'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I43406934'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.52, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 11, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.835745, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 86, 'max': 87}, 'biblio': {'volume': '64', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '365', 'last_page': '377'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11220', 'display_name': 'Water Systems and Optimization', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2205', 'display_name': 'Civil and Structural Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11220', 'display_name': 'Water Systems and Optimization', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2205', 'display_name': 'Civil and Structural Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12022', 'display_name': 'Hydraulic flow and structures', 'score': 0.9985, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2205', 'display_name': 'Civil and Structural Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11119', 'display_name': 'Urban Stormwater Management Solutions', 'score': 0.9916, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2305', 'display_name': 'Environmental Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/icon', 'display_name': 'Icon', 'score': 0.7623385}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778447006', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156474', 'display_name': 'Icon', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7623385}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776269092', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1611074', 'display_name': 'Residence', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6119938}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778805511', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1713', 'display_name': 'Citation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45670223}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C52119013', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637', 'display_name': 'Art history', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.42327085}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C161191863', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655', 'display_name': 'Library science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.39382207}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.360546}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142362112', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735', 'display_name': 'Art', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.32122353}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144024400', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201', 'display_name': 'Sociology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.2462079}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C149923435', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732', 'display_name': 'Demography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0792543}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199360897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143', 'display_name': 'Programming language', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2014.050', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210210829', 'display_name': 'Journal of Water Supply Research and Technology—AQUA', 'issn_l': '0003-7214', 'issn': ['0003-7214', '1365-2087'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320510', 'host_organization_name': 'UWA Publishing', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320510'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['UWA Publishing'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2014.050', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210210829', 'display_name': 'Journal of Water Supply Research and Technology—AQUA', 'issn_l': '0003-7214', 'issn': ['0003-7214', '1365-2087'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320510', 'host_organization_name': 'UWA Publishing', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320510'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['UWA Publishing'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Clean water and sanitation', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6', 'score': 0.77}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 22, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1608428260', 'https://openalex.org/W1981405907', 'https://openalex.org/W1982416556', 'https://openalex.org/W1991552407', 'https://openalex.org/W1992168289', 'https://openalex.org/W1994550907', 'https://openalex.org/W2014067250', 'https://openalex.org/W2018893539', 'https://openalex.org/W2021239447', 'https://openalex.org/W2040385920', 'https://openalex.org/W2040884307', 'https://openalex.org/W2046878474', 'https://openalex.org/W2048792255', 'https://openalex.org/W2066686790', 'https://openalex.org/W2081260156', 'https://openalex.org/W2082610210', 'https://openalex.org/W2086976961', 'https://openalex.org/W2087197286', 'https://openalex.org/W2091122227', 'https://openalex.org/W2320480712', 'https://openalex.org/W2584965355', 'https://openalex.org/W2791542295'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4360922125', 'https://openalex.org/W4207071872', 'https://openalex.org/W3175319091', 'https://openalex.org/W2981902742', 'https://openalex.org/W2748952813', 'https://openalex.org/W220677501', 'https://openalex.org/W2175435306', 'https://openalex.org/W2076882245', 'https://openalex.org/W2056060060', 'https://openalex.org/W1504514227'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Research': [0, 152, 250], 'Article|': [1], 'December': [2], '30': [3], '2014': [4, 165, 169], 'Tracer': [5, 229], 'study': [6, 230, 276, 387, 428], 'to': [7, 231, 307, 331, 342, 378, 390, 431, 434, 439, 478], 'verify': [8, 232], 'hydraulic': [9, 233], 'limits': [10, 234], 'and': [11, 54, 83, 89, 153, 235, 251, 335, 389, 395, 400, 412], 'determine': [12, 236, 332], 'water': [13, 237, 287, 313, 339, 407, 441, 460, 463, 465], 'residence': [14, 238, 283, 310, 382, 466], 'times': [15, 239, 284, 311, 383], 'in': [16, 240, 288, 314, 340, 419, 437, 447, 453], 'a': [17, 241, 278, 292, 297, 346, 355, 366, 417, 420], 'distribution': [18, 242, 289, 461], 'system:': [19, 243], 'Part': [20, 244], 'I': [21], 'François-Julien': [22, 24, 220], 'Delisle;': [23], 'Delisle': [25], '1Roche': [26], 'Ltd': [27], 'Consulting': [28], 'Group,': [29], 'Quebec': [30, 59, 101, 103, 131, 315], 'City,': [31, 60, 102, 132], 'Quebec,': [32, 61, 133], 'Canada': [33, 62, 106, 134], 'Search': [34, 63, 109, 135, 196, 198, 205, 216, 218], 'for': [35, 64, 110, 136, 280], 'other': [36, 65, 111, 137], 'works': [37, 66, 112, 138], 'by': [38, 67, 113, 139, 300, 322, 350], 'this': [39, 68, 114, 140, 427, 454, 479], 'author': [40, 69, 115, 141], 'on:': [41, 70, 116, 142], 'This': [42, 71, 117, 143, 275], 'Site': [43, 72, 118, 144, 197], 'PubMed': [44, 73, 119, 145], 'Google': [45, 74, 120, 146], 'Scholar': [46, 75, 121, 147], 'Simon': [47, 49, 222], 'Rochette;': [48], 'Rochette': [50], '2Department': [51], 'of': [52, 81, 87, 149, 247, 285, 296, 312, 337, 364, 426], 'Civil': [53, 82], 'Water': [55, 84, 150, 248], 'Engineering,': [56, 85, 90], 'Université': [57, 91, 129], 'Laval,': [58, 92, 130], 'Geneviève': [76, 78, 224], 'Pelletier;': [77], 'Pelletier': [79], '3Department': [80], 'Faculty': [86], 'Science': [88], 'Pavillon': [93], 'Adrien': [94], 'Pouliot,': [95], '1065,': [96], 'avenue': [97], 'de': [98], 'la': [99], 'Médicine,': [100], 'G1V': [104], '0A6,': [105], 'E-mail:': [107], '[email protected]': [108], 'Manuel': [122, 125, 226], 'J.': [123, 126, 227], 'Rodriguez': [124, 127], '4ESAD,': [128], 'Journal': [148, 215, 246], 'Supply:': [151, 249], 'Technology-Aqua': [154, 252], '(2015)': [155], '64': [156, 256], '(3):': [157, 257], '365–377.': [158, 258], 'https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2014.050': [159, 260], 'Article': [160, 173], 'history': [161], 'Received:': [162], 'April': [163], '16': [164], 'Accepted:': [166], 'November': [167], '17': [168], 'Views': [170, 172], 'Icon': [171, 183, 190, 193], 'contents': [174], 'Figures': [175], '&': [176], 'tables': [177], 'Video': [178], 'Audio': [179], 'Supplementary': [180], 'Data': [181], 'Share': [182, 184], 'Facebook': [185], 'Twitter': [186], 'LinkedIn': [187], 'Email': [188], 'Tools': [189, 191], 'Cite': [192, 194], 'Permissions': [195], 'Dropdown': [199], 'Menu': [200], 'toolbar': [201], 'search': [202, 203, 211], 'input': [204, 206], 'auto': [207], 'suggest': [208], 'filter': [209], 'your': [210], 'All': [212], 'ContentAll': [213], 'JournalsThis': [214], 'Advanced': [217], 'Citation': [219], 'Delisle,': [221], 'Rochette,': [223], 'Pelletier,': [225], 'Rodriguez;': [228], 'I.': [245], '1': [253], 'May': [254], '2015;': [255], 'doi:': [259], 'Download': [261], 'citation': [262], 'file:': [263], 'Ris': [264], '(Zotero)': [265], 'Reference': [266], 'Manager': [267], 'EasyBib': [268], 'Bookends': [269], 'Mendeley': [270], 'Papers': [271], 'EndNote': [272], 'RefWorks': [273], 'BibTex': [274], 'introduces': [277], 'methodology': [279], 'assessing': [281], 'the': [282, 309, 323, 333, 338, 351, 362, 380, 386, 409, 448], 'drinking': [286], 'systems': [290], 'using': [291], 'tracer.': [293], 'The': [294, 373, 403], 'injection': [295], 'tracer': [298, 374, 458], 'followed': [299], 'an': [301], 'intensive': [302], 'sampling': [303], 'campaign': [304, 369, 375], 'was': [305, 370], 'used': [306, 430], 'evaluate': [308], "City's": [316], 'main': [317], 'system,': [318], 'which': [319], 'is': [320], 'supplied': [321, 349], 'St': [324, 352], 'Charles': [325], 'River.': [326], 'Samples': [327], 'were': [328, 422, 429], 'also': [329, 423], 'analysed': [330], 'hardness': [334], 'conductivity': [336, 368], 'order': [341, 438], 'identify': [343], 'interconnections': [344], 'with': [345, 357, 393, 413], 'neighbouring': [347], 'system': [348], 'Lawrence': [353], 'River,': [354], 'source': [356], 'different': [358], 'properties.': [359], 'To': [360], 'validate': [361], 'assumptions': [363], 'interconnectivity,': [365], 'complementary': [367], 'carried': [371], 'out.': [372], 'allowed': [376], 'us': [377], 'obtain': [379], 'mean': [381], '(MRTs)': [384], 'within': [385], 'area': [388], 'target': [391], 'areas': [392], 'low': [394], 'high': [396], 'MRTs': [397, 415], 'between': [398, 406], '6': [399], '33': [401], 'h.': [402], 'mixing': [404], 'zones': [405], 'from': [408], 'various': [410], 'sources': [411], 'longer': [414], 'following': [416], 'stay': [418], 'reservoir': [421], 'identified.': [424], 'Results': [425], 'develop': [432], 'strategies': [433, 444], 'minimise': [435], 'MRT': [436], 'improve': [440], 'quality.': [442], 'These': [443], 'are': [445], 'presented': [446], "'companion": [449], "paper'": [450], '(Part': [451], 'II)': [452], 'issue.': [455], 'conductivity,': [456], 'hardness,': [457], 'study,': [459], 'systems,': [462], 'quality,': [464], 'time': [467], '©': [468], 'IWA': [469], 'Publishing': [470], '2015': [471], 'You': [472], 'do': [473], 'not': [474], 'currently': [475], 'have': [476], 'access': [477], 'content.': [480]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2271243649', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-10T14:54:58.580113', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}