Title: Heterogeneous length and in-series arrangement of orbicularis oculi muscle: individual myofibers do not extend the length of the eyelid.
Abstract: INCREASES OR DECREASES IN THIE TONE OF THE ORBICULARIS OCULI muscle and associated connective tissue are important in the pathophysiology of a number of conditions having significant clinical and economic imnplications, including blindness. Some of these conditions include malpositions of the eyelid, such as entropion and ectropion, eyelid spasm disorders, suclh as benign essential blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm; and dysfunctions of lacrimal drainage. Certain conditions occurring in the elderly, such as dermatoclhalasis and blepharitis may result from age-related changes in the aniatomy and biomechanics of the muscles and connective-tissue system of the eyelids. Our specific interest began with studies of chemomyectomy for essential blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm, where we postulated that it might be important to know the length of each individual myofiber so that all cells could be effectively treated. We were intrigued by the possibility that treatment of eyelid spasms with botulinum A toxin might be enhanced if one knew the locations of the neuromuscular junctions and the lengths of incdividual orbicularis oculi fibers and if the muscle bundles were comprised
Publication Year: 1994
Publication Date: 1994-01-01
Language: en
Type: article
Indexed In: ['pubmed']
Access and Citation
Cited By Count: 10
AI Researcher Chatbot
Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot