Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2262931119', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1386i', 'title': 'Glaciers of South America', 'display_name': 'Glaciers of South America', 'publication_year': 1998, 'publication_date': '1998-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2262931119', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1386i', 'mag': '2262931119'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1386i', 'pdf_url': 'https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1386i/report.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210169279', 'display_name': 'USGS professional paper', 'issn_l': '1044-9612', 'issn': ['1044-9612', '2330-7102'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315882', 'host_organization_name': 'United States Government Publishing Office', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315882'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['United States Government Publishing Office'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1386i/report.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5080662276', 'display_name': 'Carlos Schubert', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'C. Schubert', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [' Pico Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', ', Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers;', 'Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', "La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers 6-54 08°41'N. 70°29'W. 52580"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': ', Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers;', 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': ' Pico Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': "La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers 6-54 08°41'N. 70°29'W. 52580", 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5063924219', 'display_name': 'Fabián Hoyos-Patiño', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Fabian Hoyos-Patino', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [' Pico Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', ', Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers;', 'Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', "La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers 6-54 08°41'N. 70°29'W. 52580"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': ' Pico Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': "La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers 6-54 08°41'N. 70°29'W. 52580", 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': ', Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers;', 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5112547487', 'display_name': 'Ekkehard Jordan', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ekkehard Jordan', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [' Pico Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', ', Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers;', 'Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', "La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers 6-54 08°41'N. 70°29'W. 52580"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': ', Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers;', 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': ' Pico Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': "La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers 6-54 08°41'N. 70°29'W. 52580", 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5018797247', 'display_name': 'Stefan Hastenrath', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Stefan Hastenrath', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [' Pico Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', ', Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers;', 'Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', "La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers 6-54 08°41'N. 70°29'W. 52580"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': ', Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers;', 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': ' Pico Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': "La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers 6-54 08°41'N. 70°29'W. 52580", 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5085654095', 'display_name': 'Benjamín Morales Arnao', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Benjamin Morales Arnao', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [' Pico Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', ', Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers;', 'Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', "La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers 6-54 08°41'N. 70°29'W. 52580"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': ', Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers;', 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': ' Pico Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': "La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers 6-54 08°41'N. 70°29'W. 52580", 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5050073169', 'display_name': 'Louis Lliboutry', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Louis Lliboutry', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5036182825', 'display_name': 'Arturo E. Corte', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Arturo Corte', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [' Pico Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', ', Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers;', 'Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', "La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers 6-54 08°41'N. 70°29'W. 52580"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': ', Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers;', 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': ' Pico Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': "La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers 6-54 08°41'N. 70°29'W. 52580", 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Bolivar, Pico La Concha, Pico Humboldt, and Pico Bonpland glaciers', 'institution_ids': []}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.447, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 21, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.742025, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 84, 'max': 85}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': 'I1', 'last_page': 'I206'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10644', 'display_name': 'Cryospheric studies and observations', 'score': 0.9959, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1902', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10644', 'display_name': 'Cryospheric studies and observations', 'score': 0.9959, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1902', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14472', 'display_name': 'Environmental and Cultural Studies in Latin America and Beyond', 'score': 0.9768, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2303', 'display_name': 'Ecology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12180', 'display_name': 'Polar Research and Ecology', 'score': 0.9668, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2303', 'display_name': 'Ecology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/glacier-morphology', 'display_name': 'Glacier morphology', 'score': 0.6934026}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/tidewater-glacier-cycle', 'display_name': 'Tidewater glacier cycle', 'score': 0.6157709}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/glacier-mass-balance', 'display_name': 'Glacier mass balance', 'score': 0.6125326}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-field', 'display_name': 'Ice field', 'score': 0.5332816}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C100834320', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35666', 'display_name': 'Glacier', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9093728}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104932425', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2116384', 'display_name': 'Glacier morphology', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.6934026}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.67442}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169511391', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7800892', 'display_name': 'Tidewater glacier cycle', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.6157709}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127045886', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3528741', 'display_name': 'Glacier mass balance', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6125326}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C100970517', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107', 'display_name': 'Physical geography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.55875826}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C65748596', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132248', 'display_name': 'Ice field', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5332816}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154108245', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287381', 'display_name': 'Surge', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.49684718}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776023875', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637703', 'display_name': 'Debris', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43284705}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777252438', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41228', 'display_name': 'Southern Hemisphere', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41128957}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C49204034', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139', 'display_name': 'Climatology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.345865}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C205649164', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071', 'display_name': 'Geography', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.32313687}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111368507', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518', 'display_name': 'Oceanography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.27626798}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C114793014', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109', 'display_name': 'Geomorphology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.26760927}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C81820708', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2540532', 'display_name': 'Ice stream', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.21321103}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C197435368', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q493109', 'display_name': 'Cryosphere', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.21003133}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136894858', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213926', 'display_name': 'Sea ice', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.1283916}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779234561', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995', 'display_name': 'Pregnancy', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776659692', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719426', 'display_name': 'Lactation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C22641795', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868757', 'display_name': 'Ice calving', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1386i', 'pdf_url': 'https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1386i/report.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210169279', 'display_name': 'USGS professional paper', 'issn_l': '1044-9612', 'issn': ['1044-9612', '2330-7102'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315882', 'host_organization_name': 'United States Government Publishing Office', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315882'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['United States Government Publishing Office'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1386i', 'pdf_url': 'https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1386i/report.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210169279', 'display_name': 'USGS professional paper', 'issn_l': '1044-9612', 'issn': ['1044-9612', '2330-7102'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315882', 'host_organization_name': 'United States Government Publishing Office', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315882'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['United States Government Publishing Office'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 45, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W141049894', 'https://openalex.org/W1988461789', 'https://openalex.org/W1999057339', 'https://openalex.org/W1999459484', 'https://openalex.org/W2024978468', 'https://openalex.org/W2045507073', 'https://openalex.org/W2073669848', 'https://openalex.org/W2087650598', 'https://openalex.org/W2089964289', 'https://openalex.org/W2143098227', 'https://openalex.org/W2168275133', 'https://openalex.org/W2255706632', 'https://openalex.org/W2319648326', 'https://openalex.org/W2320993094', 'https://openalex.org/W2330317502', 'https://openalex.org/W2333987272', 'https://openalex.org/W2463246266', 'https://openalex.org/W2466655283', 'https://openalex.org/W2486874103', 'https://openalex.org/W2498761155', 'https://openalex.org/W2514488280', 'https://openalex.org/W2515905328', 'https://openalex.org/W2521539733', 'https://openalex.org/W2522046953', 'https://openalex.org/W2638190106', 'https://openalex.org/W266415992', 'https://openalex.org/W287949777', 'https://openalex.org/W3160576134', 'https://openalex.org/W328125233', 'https://openalex.org/W333382393', 'https://openalex.org/W4232510096', 'https://openalex.org/W4233028683', 'https://openalex.org/W4236798763', 'https://openalex.org/W4237296560', 'https://openalex.org/W4238287004', 'https://openalex.org/W4242113307', 'https://openalex.org/W4244417709', 'https://openalex.org/W4245408189', 'https://openalex.org/W4251215092', 'https://openalex.org/W4251970634', 'https://openalex.org/W4252636288', 'https://openalex.org/W4255077258', 'https://openalex.org/W4255083064', 'https://openalex.org/W603415709', 'https://openalex.org/W613157336'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4319438088', 'https://openalex.org/W4247962711', 'https://openalex.org/W4240959538', 'https://openalex.org/W3007897822', 'https://openalex.org/W2379110557', 'https://openalex.org/W2339687091', 'https://openalex.org/W2337786658', 'https://openalex.org/W2047360676', 'https://openalex.org/W2029405227', 'https://openalex.org/W1978756959'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Landsat': [0], 'images,': [1], 'together': [2], 'with': [3, 29, 68], 'maps': [4], 'and': [5, 18, 37, 58, 66, 87, 98], 'aerial': [6], 'photographs,': [7], 'have': [8, 42], 'been': [9, 43], 'used': [10], 'to': [11], 'produce': [12], 'glacier': [13, 16, 20, 46, 81, 109], 'inventories,': [14], 'define': [15], 'locations,': [17], 'study': [19], 'dynamics': [21], 'in': [22, 62, 64, 85, 110], 'the': [23, 30, 39, 49, 69, 90, 99, 107, 111], 'countries': [24], 'of': [25, 75, 80], 'South': [26], 'America,': [27], 'along': [28], 'Andes': [31], 'Mountains.': [32], 'In': [33], 'Venezuela,': [34], 'Colombia,': [35, 63], 'Ecuador,': [36, 65], 'Bolivia,': [38], 'small': [40], 'glaciers': [41, 74], 'undergoing': [44], 'extensive': [45, 71], 'recession': [47], 'since': [48], 'late': [50], "1800's.": [51], 'Glacier-related': [52], 'hazards': [53], '(outburst': [54], 'floods,': [55], 'mud': [56], 'flows,': [57], 'debris': [59], 'avalanches)': [60], 'occur': [61], 'associated': [67], 'more': [70], '(2,600': [72], 'km2)': [73, 97], 'Peru.': [76], 'The': [77], 'largest': [78, 108], 'area': [79], 'ice': [82, 93, 102], 'is': [83], 'found': [84], 'Argentina': [86], 'Chile,': [88], 'including': [89], 'northern': [91], 'Patagonian': [92, 101], 'field': [94, 103], '(about': [95, 104], '4,200': [96], 'southern': [100], '13,000': [105], 'km2),': [106], 'Southern': [112], 'Hemisphere': [113], 'outside': [114], 'Antarctica.': [115]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2262931119', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-04T09:48:03.308157', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}