Title: Los recelos a la modernización al estilo norteamericano en España
Abstract: Throughout the first third of the twentieth century, the ongoing debates on modernization in Spain took Europe as their main reference point, but there were also partisans and detractors of American-style modernization, which clearly was in the ascendant. Following the Francoist victory in the Civil War, which coincided with the United States’ rise to the condition of world superpower, American-style modernization further troubled important sectors of Spanish society, at times with the clear connivance of Francoist officials. The gradual improvement of bilateral relations, confirmed by the signing of the Treaty of Madrid of 1953, lead new reformist elites in the second half of the Fifties to look toward the other side of the Atlantic in search of economic and ideological references to modernization, thus breaking with the anti-American tradition that up to that time was dominant in Spanish conservatism.