Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W223712850', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79820-7_7', 'title': 'On the Theory of Second Harmonic Generation', 'display_name': 'On the Theory of Second Harmonic Generation', 'publication_year': 1995, 'publication_date': '1995-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W223712850', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79820-7_7', 'mag': '223712850'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79820-7_7', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463937', 'display_name': 'Springer eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'book-chapter', 'type_crossref': 'book-chapter', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5042499186', 'display_name': 'Andrea D’Andrea', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5274-0786'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Andrea d’Andrea', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['I.M.A.I, C.N.R Casella Postale, Roma, Italia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'I.M.A.I, C.N.R Casella Postale, Roma, Italia', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5056552760', 'display_name': 'Michele Cini', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8968-0780'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I116067653', 'display_name': 'University of Rome Tor Vergata', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02p77k626', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I116067653']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Michele Cini', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Dipartimento di Fisica, II Università di Roma, ‘Tor Vergata’, Roma, Italia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Dipartimento di Fisica, II Università di Roma, ‘Tor Vergata’, Roma, Italia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I116067653']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5090181808', 'display_name': 'R. Del Sole', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7960-7881'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I116067653', 'display_name': 'University of Rome Tor Vergata', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02p77k626', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I116067653']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Rodolfo Del Sole', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Dipartimento di Fisica, II Università di Roma, ‘Tor Vergata’, Roma, Italia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Dipartimento di Fisica, II Università di Roma, ‘Tor Vergata’, Roma, Italia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I116067653']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5042838223', 'display_name': 'Lucia Reining', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7411-7901'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I102197404', 'display_name': 'Université Paris-Sud', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/028rypz17', 'country_code': 'FR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I102197404']}], 'countries': ['FR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Lucia Reining', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Centre Européen de Calcul Atomique et Moleculaire, Bât. 506, Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Centre Européen de Calcul Atomique et Moleculaire, Bât. 506, Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I102197404']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5036827644', 'display_name': 'Claudio Verdozzi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7601-4191'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I146655781', 'display_name': 'University of Liverpool', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04xs57h96', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I146655781']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Claudio Verdozzi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Surface Science, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Surface Science, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I146655781']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5078362059', 'display_name': 'R. Girlanda', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I112862951', 'display_name': 'University of Messina', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05ctdxz19', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I112862951']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210114374', 'display_name': 'Institute of Structure of Matter', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01zz9wh30', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210114374', 'https://openalex.org/I4210155236']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Raffaello Girlanda', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Facoltà di Scienze m.f.n, Università di Messina, Sant’Agata - Messina, Italia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Facoltà di Scienze m.f.n, Università di Messina, Sant’Agata - Messina, Italia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I112862951', 'https://openalex.org/I4210114374']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5040033977', 'display_name': 'E. Piparo', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1664-333X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I112862951', 'display_name': 'University of Messina', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05ctdxz19', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I112862951']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210114374', 'display_name': 'Institute of Structure of Matter', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01zz9wh30', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210114374', 'https://openalex.org/I4210155236']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Edoardo Piparo', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Facoltà di Scienze m.f.n, Università di Messina, Sant’Agata - Messina, Italia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Facoltà di Scienze m.f.n, Università di Messina, Sant’Agata - Messina, Italia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I112862951', 'https://openalex.org/I4210114374']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5082158620', 'display_name': 'David Hobbs', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1164-3899'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I205274468', 'display_name': 'Trinity College Dublin', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02tyrky19', 'country_code': 'IE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205274468']}], 'countries': ['IE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'David Hobbs', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Physics, Trinity College - Dublin 2, Ireland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Physics, Trinity College - Dublin 2, Ireland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I205274468']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5086101101', 'display_name': 'D. Weaire', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I205274468', 'display_name': 'Trinity College Dublin', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02tyrky19', 'country_code': 'IE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205274468']}], 'countries': ['IE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Denis Weaire', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Physics, Trinity College - Dublin 2, Ireland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Physics, Trinity College - Dublin 2, Ireland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I205274468']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 4, 'institutions_distinct_count': 6, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 54}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': '163', 'last_page': '181'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11187', 'display_name': 'Dynamics of Synchronization in Complex Networks', 'score': 0.9976, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1705', 'display_name': 'Computer Networks and Communications'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11187', 'display_name': 'Dynamics of Synchronization in Complex Networks', 'score': 0.9976, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1705', 'display_name': 'Computer Networks and Communications'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11175', 'display_name': 'Vacuum Electronic High Power Terahertz Sources', 'score': 0.9827, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3107', 'display_name': 'Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10752', 'display_name': 'Terahertz Technology and Applications', 'score': 0.9804, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2208', 'display_name': 'Electrical and Electronic Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonic', 'display_name': 'Harmonic', 'score': 0.51952726}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/second-harmonic-imaging-microscopy', 'display_name': 'Second-harmonic imaging microscopy', 'score': 0.47958842}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization', 'display_name': 'Synchronization', 'score': 0.468678}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C30713254', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455635', 'display_name': 'Second-harmonic generation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8544216}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C160018778', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3123190', 'display_name': 'Sum-frequency generation', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.5813511}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127934551', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148098', 'display_name': 'Harmonic', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.51952726}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C79626270', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7646020', 'display_name': 'Surface second harmonic generation', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.4947626}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C164323173', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092959', 'display_name': 'Second-harmonic imaging microscopy', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.47958842}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C64672749', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1623464', 'display_name': 'High harmonic generation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.43963104}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.3832544}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120665830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620', 'display_name': 'Optics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3706482}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C78854221', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756033', 'display_name': 'Nonlinear optics', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.36778614}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C158622935', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848', 'display_name': 'Nonlinear system', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.36261538}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.34734553}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.19996217}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C520434653', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867', 'display_name': 'Laser', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79820-7_7', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463937', 'display_name': 'Springer eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 28, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1967620424', 'https://openalex.org/W1973852049', 'https://openalex.org/W1975125035', 'https://openalex.org/W1975488197', 'https://openalex.org/W1977016115', 'https://openalex.org/W1977948680', 'https://openalex.org/W1988131064', 'https://openalex.org/W1995368539', 'https://openalex.org/W1997937262', 'https://openalex.org/W1998196410', 'https://openalex.org/W2002382444', 'https://openalex.org/W2004629809', 'https://openalex.org/W2006534517', 'https://openalex.org/W2020267538', 'https://openalex.org/W2027511821', 'https://openalex.org/W2029499574', 'https://openalex.org/W2048569527', 'https://openalex.org/W2057814898', 'https://openalex.org/W2058037898', 'https://openalex.org/W2071679734', 'https://openalex.org/W2074717070', 'https://openalex.org/W2076810622', 'https://openalex.org/W2082599414', 'https://openalex.org/W2091418374', 'https://openalex.org/W2114734255', 'https://openalex.org/W2115434338', 'https://openalex.org/W2149751265', 'https://openalex.org/W2560181186'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W84757014', 'https://openalex.org/W4388310354', 'https://openalex.org/W4285785350', 'https://openalex.org/W4200096431', 'https://openalex.org/W2976741771', 'https://openalex.org/W2224673366', 'https://openalex.org/W2204656520', 'https://openalex.org/W1963757624', 'https://openalex.org/W18043020', 'https://openalex.org/W1546837493'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W223712850', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-08-20T21:57:09.793726', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}