Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2220018292', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.23.022069', 'title': 'Chromatic analysis and design of a first-order radial GRIN lens', 'display_name': 'Chromatic analysis and design of a first-order radial GRIN lens', 'publication_year': 2015, 'publication_date': '2015-08-13', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2220018292', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.23.022069', 'mag': '2220018292', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26368181'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.23.022069', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S178776955', 'display_name': 'Optics Express', 'issn_l': '1094-4087', 'issn': ['1094-4087'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315679', 'host_organization_name': 'Optica Publishing Group', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315679'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Optica Publishing Group'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.23.022069', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5004391230', 'display_name': 'Joseph N. Mait', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0896-5264'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I166416128', 'display_name': 'DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/011hc8f90', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1304082316', 'https://openalex.org/I1330347796', 'https://openalex.org/I166416128', 'https://openalex.org/I2802705668', 'https://openalex.org/I4210088792', 'https://openalex.org/I4210154437']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Joseph N. Mait', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['US Army Research Laboratory 2800 Powder Mill Road Adelphi MD 20783 USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'US Army Research Laboratory 2800 Powder Mill Road Adelphi MD 20783 USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I166416128']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5072869574', 'display_name': 'G. Beadie', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1288214837', 'display_name': 'United States Naval Research Laboratory', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04d23a975', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1288214837', 'https://openalex.org/I1330347796', 'https://openalex.org/I175003984', 'https://openalex.org/I3130687028', 'https://openalex.org/I4399598358']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Guy Beadie', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, D.C., DC 20375, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, D.C., DC 20375, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1288214837']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5009118515', 'display_name': 'Predrag Milojkovic', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I166416128', 'display_name': 'DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/011hc8f90', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1304082316', 'https://openalex.org/I1330347796', 'https://openalex.org/I166416128', 'https://openalex.org/I2802705668', 'https://openalex.org/I4210088792', 'https://openalex.org/I4210154437']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Predrag Milojkovic', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['US Army Research Laboratory 2800 Powder Mill Road Adelphi MD 20783 USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'US Army Research Laboratory 2800 Powder Mill Road Adelphi MD 20783 USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I166416128']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5089288779', 'display_name': 'Richard A. Flynn', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1288214837', 'display_name': 'United States Naval Research Laboratory', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04d23a975', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1288214837', 'https://openalex.org/I1330347796', 'https://openalex.org/I175003984', 'https://openalex.org/I3130687028', 'https://openalex.org/I4399598358']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Richard A. Flynn', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, D.C., DC 20375, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, D.C., DC 20375, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1288214837']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 2270, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2270, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 2270, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2270, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 1.695, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 23, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.743195, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 91, 'max': 92}, 'biblio': {'volume': '23', 'issue': '17', 'first_page': '22069', 'last_page': '22069'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11517', 'display_name': 'Advanced optical system design', 'score': 0.9981, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2204', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11517', 'display_name': 'Advanced optical system design', 'score': 0.9981, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2204', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11723', 'display_name': 'Optical Coatings and Gratings', 'score': 0.9758, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2508', 'display_name': 'Surfaces, Coatings and Films'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11301', 'display_name': 'Advanced Surface Polishing Techniques', 'score': 0.9668, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2204', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/achromatic-lens', 'display_name': 'Achromatic lens', 'score': 0.98480046}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/chromatic-aberration', 'display_name': 'Chromatic aberration', 'score': 0.8547975}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-index-optics', 'display_name': 'Gradient-index optics', 'score': 0.64459354}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121535716', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q340600', 'display_name': 'Achromatic lens', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.98480046}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C87367554', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1087688', 'display_name': 'Chromatic aberration', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8547975}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120665830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620', 'display_name': 'Optics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.786214}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C56034020', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071734', 'display_name': 'Paraxial approximation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.70958686}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15336307', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766051', 'display_name': 'Lens (geology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.70014936}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C83934398', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1541210', 'display_name': 'Gradient-index optics', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.64459354}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C196956537', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202021', 'display_name': 'Chromatic scale', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.59112155}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42067758', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174102', 'display_name': 'Refractive index', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.40894878}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.3792082}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C168834538', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329', 'display_name': 'Beam (structure)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.23.022069', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S178776955', 'display_name': 'Optics Express', 'issn_l': '1094-4087', 'issn': ['1094-4087'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315679', 'host_organization_name': 'Optica Publishing Group', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315679'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Optica Publishing Group'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26368181', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.23.022069', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S178776955', 'display_name': 'Optics Express', 'issn_l': '1094-4087', 'issn': ['1094-4087'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315679', 'host_organization_name': 'Optica Publishing Group', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315679'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Optica Publishing Group'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11', 'display_name': 'Sustainable cities and communities', 'score': 0.52}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 19, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1973410651', 'https://openalex.org/W1988277999', 'https://openalex.org/W1988722600', 'https://openalex.org/W1994499092', 'https://openalex.org/W2008144365', 'https://openalex.org/W2012517255', 'https://openalex.org/W2026908785', 'https://openalex.org/W2051771700', 'https://openalex.org/W2058326439', 'https://openalex.org/W2060506966', 'https://openalex.org/W2061206840', 'https://openalex.org/W2065146507', 'https://openalex.org/W2084502847', 'https://openalex.org/W2084805236', 'https://openalex.org/W2085847005', 'https://openalex.org/W2162330716', 'https://openalex.org/W2168561959', 'https://openalex.org/W2171838887', 'https://openalex.org/W951824937'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4364379038', 'https://openalex.org/W4321317650', 'https://openalex.org/W3181345933', 'https://openalex.org/W3103870109', 'https://openalex.org/W2220018292', 'https://openalex.org/W2100457705', 'https://openalex.org/W2094015386', 'https://openalex.org/W2080134861', 'https://openalex.org/W2010549180', 'https://openalex.org/W1990433495'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'From': [0], 'the': [1, 34, 72, 85, 124], 'expression': [2, 19], 'for': [3, 20, 25, 71, 98, 112, 117, 152, 162], 'optical': [4, 26, 125], 'power': [5, 27], 'of': [6, 41, 56, 75, 127, 133, 145, 173], 'a': [7, 39, 46, 54, 76, 95, 99, 108, 118, 134], 'radial': [8], 'first-order': [9], 'graded-index': [10], '(GRIN)': [11], 'lens': [12, 48], 'with': [13, 58, 177], 'curved': [14], 'surfaces,': [15], 'we': [16, 52], 'derive': [17, 53, 69, 84], 'an': [18, 63], 'chromatic': [21, 29], 'aberration.': [22], 'Our': [23, 79], 'expressions': [24, 70], 'and': [28, 49, 138], 'aberration': [30], 'are': [31], 'valid': [32], 'under': [33], 'paraxial': [35], 'approximation.': [36], 'By': [37], 'applying': [38], 'series': [40], 'further': [42], 'simplifying': [43], 'assumptions,': [44], 'namely': [45], 'thin': [47, 50], 'GRIN,': [51], 'set': [55], 'equations': [57], 'which': [59, 156], 'one': [60], 'can': [61], 'design': [62, 130], 'achromatic': [64, 153, 164], 'GRIN': [65, 77, 100, 114, 129, 154, 175], 'lens.': [66], 'We': [67, 102, 122, 166], 'also': [68, 167], 'dispersive': [73], 'property': [74], 'element.': [78], 'analysis': [80], 'enables': [81], 'us': [82], 'to': [83, 106, 131], 'relationship': [86, 105], 'between': [87], 'material': [88, 96, 115, 147], 'pairs': [89, 116, 148], 'that': [90, 132, 140, 149], 'indicate': [91], 'their': [92], 'suitability': [93], 'as': [94], 'pair': [97], 'achromat.': [101], 'use': [103], 'this': [104], 'search': [107], 'standard': [109], 'glass': [110], 'catalog': [111], 'attractive': [113], 'particular': [119], 'achromat': [120], 'design.': [121, 165], 'compare': [123], 'performance': [126], 'our': [128, 141, 169], 'conventional': [135, 163], 'homogeneous': [136], 'doublet': [137], 'demonstrate': [139, 168], 'approach': [142, 170], 'is': [143, 171], 'capable': [144, 172], 'identifying': [146], 'perform': [150], 'well': [151], 'lenses': [155], 'would': [157], 'not': [158], 'generally': [159], 'be': [160], 'considered': [161], 'designing': [174], 'achromats': [176], 'superior': [178], 'performance.': [179]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2220018292', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 7}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-15T15:27:38.468373', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}