Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2188782034', 'doi': None, 'title': 'StepsTowardKnowledge-Based Machine Translation', 'display_name': 'StepsTowardKnowledge-Based Machine Translation', 'publication_year': 1981, 'publication_date': '1981-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2188782034', 'mag': '2188782034'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=4767124', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': [], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5062950355', 'display_name': 'Anatolev . Gershman', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Anatolev . Gershman', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5062950355'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 55}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12128', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence in Service Industry', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12128', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence in Service Industry', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10028', 'display_name': 'Natural Language Processing', 'score': 0.9947, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12031', 'display_name': 'Dialogue Act Modeling for Spoken Language Systems', 'score': 0.9931, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation', 'display_name': 'Machine Translation', 'score': 0.699132}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence-to-sequence-learning', 'display_name': 'Sequence-to-Sequence Learning', 'score': 0.632465}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-processing', 'display_name': 'Semantic Processing', 'score': 0.606611}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/named-entity-recognition', 'display_name': 'Named Entity Recognition', 'score': 0.59433}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/topic-modeling', 'display_name': 'Topic Modeling', 'score': 0.569602}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5411685}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C203005215', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798', 'display_name': 'Machine translation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.51541483}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C149364088', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917', 'display_name': 'Translation (biology)', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.497031}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.42952636}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C204321447', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642', 'display_name': 'Natural language processing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.39082658}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.091698825}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105580179', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928', 'display_name': 'Messenger RNA', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=4767124', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 6, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1481431397', 'https://openalex.org/W1964922004', 'https://openalex.org/W2005814556', 'https://openalex.org/W2018125432', 'https://openalex.org/W2057867321', 'https://openalex.org/W2083263181'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W571083678', 'https://openalex.org/W3088938252', 'https://openalex.org/W2938959136', 'https://openalex.org/W2937259650', 'https://openalex.org/W2926961826', 'https://openalex.org/W2911240143', 'https://openalex.org/W2898686627', 'https://openalex.org/W2893145040', 'https://openalex.org/W2887260508', 'https://openalex.org/W2873776658', 'https://openalex.org/W2826825145', 'https://openalex.org/W2798700101', 'https://openalex.org/W2772986112', 'https://openalex.org/W2623079610', 'https://openalex.org/W2611047784', 'https://openalex.org/W2598925685', 'https://openalex.org/W2586753465', 'https://openalex.org/W2015971706', 'https://openalex.org/W1966075811', 'https://openalex.org/W164160111'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2188782034', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-09-18T22:54:14.846542', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}