Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2188648701', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0224.1', 'title': 'Daily States of the March–April East Pacific ITCZ in Three Decades of High-Resolution Satellite Data', 'display_name': 'Daily States of the March–April East Pacific ITCZ in Three Decades of High-Resolution Satellite Data', 'publication_year': 2015, 'publication_date': '2015-10-14', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2188648701', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0224.1', 'mag': '2188648701'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0224.1', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S80591372', 'display_name': 'Journal of Climate', 'issn_l': '0894-8755', 'issn': ['0894-8755', '1520-0442'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320260', 'host_organization_name': 'American Meteorological Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320260'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Meteorological Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'hybrid', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0224.1', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5007383274', 'display_name': 'C. M. Haffke', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I204250578', 'display_name': 'University of California, Irvine', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04gyf1771', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I204250578']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Colene Haffke', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I204250578']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5068307150', 'display_name': 'Guðrún Magnúsdóttir', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6079-5886'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I204250578', 'display_name': 'University of California, Irvine', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04gyf1771', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I204250578']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Gudrun Magnusdottir', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I204250578']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5031353998', 'display_name': 'Daniel Henke', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9649-0205'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I202697423', 'display_name': 'University of Zurich', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02crff812', 'country_code': 'CH', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I202697423']}], 'countries': ['CH'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Daniel Henke', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Remote Sensing Laboratories, Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Remote Sensing Laboratories, Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I202697423']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5077460655', 'display_name': 'Padhraic Smyth', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9971-8378'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I204250578', 'display_name': 'University of California, Irvine', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04gyf1771', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I204250578']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Padhraic Smyth', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I204250578']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5028615209', 'display_name': 'Yannick Peings', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6852-7333'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I204250578', 'display_name': 'University of California, Irvine', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04gyf1771', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I204250578']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Yannick Peings', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I204250578']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.599, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 24, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.762572, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 92, 'max': 93}, 'biblio': {'volume': '29', 'issue': '8', 'first_page': '2981', 'last_page': '2995'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10029', 'display_name': 'Climate variability and models', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2306', 'display_name': 'Global and Planetary Change'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10029', 'display_name': 'Climate variability and models', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2306', 'display_name': 'Global and Planetary Change'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10255', 'display_name': 'Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes', 'score': 0.9984, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1910', 'display_name': 'Oceanography'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10466', 'display_name': 'Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations', 'score': 0.9964, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1902', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/intertropical-convergence-zone', 'display_name': 'Intertropical Convergence Zone', 'score': 0.98982954}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/orography', 'display_name': 'Orography', 'score': 0.4373365}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127889277', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753858', 'display_name': 'Intertropical Convergence Zone', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.98982954}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C12980444', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23538', 'display_name': 'Equator', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.931908}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C49204034', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139', 'display_name': 'Climatology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.7042364}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5602947}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C206887242', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830457', 'display_name': 'Cloud cover', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.49198672}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39432304', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847', 'display_name': 'Environmental science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.46184108}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C107054158', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257', 'display_name': 'Precipitation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46146017}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134097258', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1507383', 'display_name': 'Sea surface temperature', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44285816}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C194507410', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901704', 'display_name': 'Orography', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4373365}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C91586092', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric sciences', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.32565856}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C205649164', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071', 'display_name': 'Geography', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.32344878}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C122523270', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34027', 'display_name': 'Latitude', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.29693174}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153294291', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261', 'display_name': 'Meteorology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.25754458}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C13280743', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089', 'display_name': 'Geodesy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.16413888}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C79974875', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639', 'display_name': 'Cloud computing', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.08695188}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111919701', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135', 'display_name': 'Operating system', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0224.1', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S80591372', 'display_name': 'Journal of Climate', 'issn_l': '0894-8755', 'issn': ['0894-8755', '1520-0442'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320260', 'host_organization_name': 'American Meteorological Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320260'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Meteorological Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1wz9p8nc', 'pdf_url': 'https://escholarship.org/content/qt1wz9p8nc/qt1wz9p8nc.pdf?t=oemhc6', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400115', 'display_name': 'eScholarship (California Digital Library)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I2801248553', 'host_organization_name': 'California Digital Library', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2801248553'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['California Digital Library'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0224.1', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S80591372', 'display_name': 'Journal of Climate', 'issn_l': '0894-8755', 'issn': ['0894-8755', '1520-0442'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320260', 'host_organization_name': 'American Meteorological Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320260'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Meteorological Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.87, 'display_name': 'Life below water', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 30, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1658096470', 'https://openalex.org/W1939607818', 'https://openalex.org/W1973604233', 'https://openalex.org/W1976855584', 'https://openalex.org/W1976996532', 'https://openalex.org/W1989729837', 'https://openalex.org/W1994572040', 'https://openalex.org/W1995622703', 'https://openalex.org/W2008140602', 'https://openalex.org/W2010927886', 'https://openalex.org/W2022796621', 'https://openalex.org/W2025529786', 'https://openalex.org/W2026630001', 'https://openalex.org/W2039985233', 'https://openalex.org/W2040007940', 'https://openalex.org/W2041596967', 'https://openalex.org/W2068763667', 'https://openalex.org/W2069810004', 'https://openalex.org/W2096533595', 'https://openalex.org/W2104157123', 'https://openalex.org/W2118333663', 'https://openalex.org/W2121745948', 'https://openalex.org/W2128676397', 'https://openalex.org/W2132260859', 'https://openalex.org/W2154443855', 'https://openalex.org/W2156869865', 'https://openalex.org/W2158626702', 'https://openalex.org/W2160063386', 'https://openalex.org/W2176202464', 'https://openalex.org/W4250012383'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W349755199', 'https://openalex.org/W2759256173', 'https://openalex.org/W2602338089', 'https://openalex.org/W2490077517', 'https://openalex.org/W2188648701', 'https://openalex.org/W2118333663', 'https://openalex.org/W2075794494', 'https://openalex.org/W2049610925', 'https://openalex.org/W2015244194', 'https://openalex.org/W1659597168'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'Zonally': [1], 'elongated': [2, 98], 'areas': [3], 'of': [4, 36, 67, 74, 100, 133, 135, 139, 165, 176, 189], 'cloudiness': [5, 101, 190], 'that': [6, 242], 'make': [7], 'up': [8], 'the': [9, 33, 37, 60, 68, 75, 83, 114, 118, 127, 140, 158, 166, 171, 232, 235, 245, 250, 255], 'east': [10, 38, 256], 'Pacific': [11, 39, 237], 'intertropical': [12], 'convergence': [13, 238], 'zone': [14, 239], '(ITCZ)': [15], 'can': [16, 111], 'take': [17], 'on': [18, 55, 162], 'several': [19], 'configurations': [20, 188], 'in': [21, 131, 149, 154, 244, 254], 'instantaneous': [22], 'observations.': [23], 'A': [24, 86, 227], 'novel': [25], 'statistical': [26], 'model': [27], 'is': [28, 90, 102, 121, 143, 152, 229, 247, 252], 'used': [29, 91], 'to': [30, 47, 59, 92, 170, 208], 'automatically': [31], 'assess': [32], 'daily': [34], 'state': [35, 89, 129, 141, 160, 173, 184], 'ITCZ': [40, 50, 56, 88, 109, 150, 183, 218, 233, 251], 'using': [41], 'infrared': [42, 178], 'satellite': [43], 'images': [44], 'from': [45], '1980': [46], '2012.': [48], 'Four': [49], 'states': [51, 110, 151, 219], 'are': [52, 198, 220], 'defined': [53], 'based': [54], 'location': [57], 'relative': [58], 'equator:': [61], 'north': [62, 71], '(nITCZ)': [63], 'and': [64, 72, 81, 180, 191, 203, 205, 211, 234], 'south': [65, 73], '(sITCZ)': [66], 'equator,': [69], 'simultaneously': [70], 'equator': [76, 84], '(dITCZ,': [77], 'for': [78, 105, 117], 'double': [79], 'ITCZ),': [80], 'over': [82], '(eITCZ).': [85], 'fifth': [87], 'classify': [93], 'days': [94], 'when': [95, 249], 'no': [96], 'zonally': [97], 'area': [99], 'present': [103, 123], '(aITCZ,': [104], 'absent': [106, 253], 'ITCZ).': [107], 'The': [108, 145], 'occur': [112], 'throughout': [113], 'year': [115], '(except': [116], 'eITCZ,': [119], 'which': [120], 'not': [122], 'during': [124], 'June–October),': [125], 'with': [126, 201, 222], 'nITCZ': [128, 172], 'dominating': [130], 'terms': [132], 'frequency': [134], 'occurrence.': [136], 'Interannual': [137], 'variability': [138, 148], 'distribution': [142], 'large.': [144], 'most': [146], 'striking': [147], 'observed': [153, 177], 'spring.': [155], 'During': [156], 'March–April,': [157], 'dITCZ': [159], 'occurs': [161], 'average': [163], '34%': [164], 'time,': [167], 'second': [168], 'only': [169, 200], '(39%).': [174], 'Composites': [175], 'temperature': [179, 196], 'precipitation': [181], 'by': [182], 'reveal': [185], 'distinct': [186, 223], 'spatial': [187], 'rainfall.': [192], 'Strong': [193], 'sea': [194], 'surface': [195], 'anomalies': [197], 'associated': [199, 221], 'eITCZ': [202], 'sITCZ': [204], 'they': [206], 'correspond': [207], 'El': [209], 'Niño': [210], 'La': [212], 'Niña,': [213], 'respectively.': [214], 'However,': [215], 'all': [216], 'five': [217], 'atmospheric': [224], 'circulation': [225], 'patterns.': [226], 'connection': [228], 'found': [230], 'between': [231], 'South': [236], '(SPCZ),': [240], 'such': [241], 'activity': [243], 'SPCZ': [246], 'enhanced': [248], 'Pacific.': [257]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2188648701', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-08T04:40:01.955776', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}