Title: A survey of floating population in 50 townships in China.
Abstract: This article presents the findings from the survey of the floating population in China. The survey was conducted in 1991 among 58 townships in 20 provinces after a pilot survey was carried out in Sanhe County of Hebei Province and Wutai County of Shanxi Province. Townships were selected that were representative of the situations in their province. The final sample included only 50 townships due to poor quality data. The population in the sample townships included 18,926 immigrants, or 22.5% of total population, and 9,678 emigrants, or 11.6% of total population. Among seven suburban townships the immigration rate was 44.9% and the emigration rate was 3.2%. Eight coastal townships had an immigrant population of 24.9% and an emigrant population of 3.9%. Inland townships (35) had an immigration rate of 13.9% and emigration rate of 16.5%. Inland migrants moved to places with better economic conditions. 67.4% of the total floating population was male, and 32.6% was female. 4.88% were aged under 14 years and 1.64% were aged over 60 years. 73.4% were aged 15-29 years. 52.7% of the floating population had a junior high education and 32.1% had an elementary school education. The floating population comprised a high proportion of unmarried persons. Most shifted their occupations from the agricultural to the nonagricultural sector. 84.7% of the floating population lived in suburbs, and many worked as vendors, handicraft workers, and sanitation workers. In coastal areas, most were employed in industries and lived in company dorms or rented houses. The average income was RMB1373. Average household income was RMB347 more than the amount for rural residents. Coastal income was higher. 61% worked in services, construction, and transportation. 16% worked in commerce. 23% were visitors. The author states that the floating population is a product of a large and growing rural labor surplus.
Publication Year: 1995
Publication Date: 1995-01-01
Language: en
Type: article
Indexed In: ['pubmed']
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Cited By Count: 1
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