Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2173760124', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(1998)028<0727:oeceta>2.0.co;2', 'title': 'On Eddy Characteristics, Eddy Transports, and Mean Flow Properties', 'display_name': 'On Eddy Characteristics, Eddy Transports, and Mean Flow Properties', 'publication_year': 1998, 'publication_date': '1998-04-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2173760124', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(1998)028<0727:oeceta>2.0.co;2', 'mag': '2173760124'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(1998)028<0727:oeceta>2.0.co;2', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S162372621', 'display_name': 'Journal of Physical Oceanography', 'issn_l': '0022-3670', 'issn': ['0022-3670', '1520-0485'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320260', 'host_organization_name': 'American Meteorological Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320260'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Meteorological Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'hybrid', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(1998)028<0727:oeceta>2.0.co;2', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5063304605', 'display_name': 'Detlef Stammer', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5777-5347'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I63966007', 'display_name': 'Massachusetts Institute of Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/042nb2s44', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I63966007']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Detlef Stammer', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Earth, Atmospheric, & Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Earth, Atmospheric, & Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I63966007']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5063304605'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I63966007'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 5.933, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 293, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999743, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '28', 'issue': '4', 'first_page': '727', 'last_page': '739'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10255', 'display_name': 'Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1910', 'display_name': 'Oceanography'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10255', 'display_name': 'Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1910', 'display_name': 'Oceanography'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10029', 'display_name': 'Climate variability and models', 'score': 0.999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2306', 'display_name': 'Global and Planetary Change'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10466', 'display_name': 'Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations', 'score': 0.997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1902', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/eddy-diffusion', 'display_name': 'Eddy diffusion', 'score': 0.44079176}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-flow', 'display_name': 'Mean flow', 'score': 0.41135633}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C135889238', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46276', 'display_name': 'Kinetic energy', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5294081}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C99844830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924', 'display_name': 'Scaling', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46795857}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.45750713}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104196234', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1283046', 'display_name': 'Eddy diffusion', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.44079176}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779343474', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175', 'display_name': 'Context (archaeology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41372117}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C205904022', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6803620', 'display_name': 'Mean flow', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.41135633}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.37233827}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C49204034', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139', 'display_name': 'Climatology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.36562103}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C196558001', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190132', 'display_name': 'Turbulence', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.35982007}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C57879066', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217', 'display_name': 'Mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35866672}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2524010', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087', 'display_name': 'Geometry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.20784786}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C74650414', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397', 'display_name': 'Classical mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.1761837}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.12658593}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C151730666', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205', 'display_name': 'Paleontology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(1998)028<0727:oeceta>2.0.co;2', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S162372621', 'display_name': 'Journal of Physical Oceanography', 'issn_l': '0022-3670', 'issn': ['0022-3670', '1520-0485'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320260', 'host_organization_name': 'American Meteorological Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320260'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Meteorological Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(1998)028<0727:oeceta>2.0.co;2', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S162372621', 'display_name': 'Journal of Physical Oceanography', 'issn_l': '0022-3670', 'issn': ['0022-3670', '1520-0485'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320260', 'host_organization_name': 'American Meteorological Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320260'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Meteorological Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7', 'score': 0.75, 'display_name': 'Affordable and clean energy'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 21, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1597359858', 'https://openalex.org/W183628044', 'https://openalex.org/W1964208519', 'https://openalex.org/W1964453910', 'https://openalex.org/W1998724683', 'https://openalex.org/W2004324590', 'https://openalex.org/W2013503739', 'https://openalex.org/W2023018213', 'https://openalex.org/W2028202226', 'https://openalex.org/W2029603977', 'https://openalex.org/W2031193878', 'https://openalex.org/W2046647743', 'https://openalex.org/W2065244760', 'https://openalex.org/W2087040110', 'https://openalex.org/W2128254052', 'https://openalex.org/W2132822964', 'https://openalex.org/W2158610056', 'https://openalex.org/W2174327089', 'https://openalex.org/W2175977562', 'https://openalex.org/W2179351553', 'https://openalex.org/W3104928454'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2912540167', 'https://openalex.org/W2900386627', 'https://openalex.org/W2462889583', 'https://openalex.org/W2160557149', 'https://openalex.org/W2134939573', 'https://openalex.org/W2072873118', 'https://openalex.org/W2058815830', 'https://openalex.org/W2026320864', 'https://openalex.org/W2018364407', 'https://openalex.org/W1977612878'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Estimates': [0], 'of': [1, 19, 38, 52, 86, 92, 103, 111, 122, 151, 155, 197, 203, 245], 'eddy': [2, 5, 40, 139, 147, 178, 192, 293], 'energy': [3, 141], 'and': [4, 117, 136, 167, 215, 222, 227, 250, 258, 264], 'scales': [6, 119], 'obtained': [7, 207], 'previously': [8], 'from': [9, 70, 191, 208, 236, 254], 'TOPEX/POSEIDON': [10], '(T/P)': [11], 'altimeter': [12], 'data': [13], 'are': [14, 48, 159, 224, 269, 277], 'interpreted': [15], 'in': [16, 84, 101, 164, 185, 295], 'the': [17, 26, 39, 61, 71, 96, 108, 137, 152, 156, 186, 230, 296], 'context': [18], 'a': [20, 43, 53, 65, 87, 104, 129, 173, 182, 195, 246, 288], 'baroclinically': [21, 54], 'unstable': [22, 55], 'flow': [23, 56], 'field.': [24, 57], 'From': [25], 'observations': [27], 'an': [28, 177], 'integral': [29], 'timescale': [30, 66], 'Talt': [31], 'can': [32, 98, 188, 205], 'be': [33, 99, 189, 206, 286], 'defined': [34], 'that—combined': [35], 'with': [36, 50, 81, 127, 145, 271], 'estimates': [37, 202, 244, 276], 'kinetic': [41, 140], 'energy—sets': [42], 'mixing': [44], 'length': [45, 116, 131], 'scale.': [46], 'Results': [47, 268], 'compared': [49], 'theories': [51], 'For': [58], 'such': [59], 'conditions,': [60], 'Eady': [62], 'theory': [63], 'predicts': [64], 'Tbc': [67, 135], '=': [68, 213, 218, 262, 266], 'Ri/f': [69], 'mean-flow': [72], 'Richardson': [73], 'number': [74], 'Ri,': [75], 'which': [76], 'shows': [77], 'some': [78], 'qualitative': [79], 'agreement': [80], 'T/P': [82, 237], 'results': [83], 'terms': [85, 102], 'geographical': [88, 198], 'distribution.': [89], 'A': [90], 'factor': [91], '2': [93], 'difference': [94, 106], 'between': [95, 107], 'timescales': [97], 'explained': [100], 'systematic': [105], 'specific': [109], 'definitions': [110], 'scale': [112, 132], 'estimates.': [113], 'Although': [114], 'transfer': [115, 130, 179], 'velocity': [118], 'emerging': [120], 'out': [121], 'scaling': [123, 225], 'arguments': [124], 'lack': [125], 'resemblance': [126], 'observations,': [128], 'based': [133, 278], 'on': [134, 279, 291], 'observed': [138, 146], 'is': [142, 229], 'strikingly': [143], 'consistent': [144, 270], 'scales.': [148], 'Primarily': [149], 'independent': [150], 'energetic': [153], 'state': [154], 'ocean,': [157], 'they': [158, 283], 'to': [160, 242, 285], 'first': [161], 'order': [162], 'largest': [163], 'low': [165], 'latitudes': [166], 'decrease': [168], 'toward': [169], 'high': [170], 'latitudes.': [171], 'Invoking': [172], '"mixing': [174], 'length"': [175], 'hypothesis,': [176], 'κ': [180, 204, 212], 'for': [181], 'scalar': [183], 'tracer': [184], 'ocean': [187], 'estimated': [190, 235], 'statistics': [193], 'as': [194], 'function': [196], 'position.': [199], 'Two': [200], 'different': [201], 'altimetric': [209], 'data:': [210], '(i)': [211], 'αKELbc': [214], '(ii)': [216], 'κ̃': [217], 'α′(g/f)σ(SSH),': [219], 'where': [220], 'α': [221], 'α′': [223], 'factors,': [226], 'σ(ζ)': [228], 'rms': [231], 'sea-surface': [232], 'height': [233], 'variability': [234], 'data.': [238], 'The': [239], 'approaches': [240], 'lead': [241], 'similar': [243], 'meridional': [247, 256, 281], 'eddy-induced': [248], 'heat': [249], 'salt': [251], 'flux': [252], 'inferred': [253], 'climatological': [255], 'temperature': [257], 'salinity': [259], 'gradient': [260], 'FT': [261], '−cpκ∂T/∂y': [263], 'FS': [265], '−κ∂S/∂y.': [267], 'previous': [272], 'knowledge': [273], 'but,': [274], 'because': [275], 'mean': [280], 'gradients,': [282], 'have': [284], 'considered': [287], 'lower': [289], 'bound': [290], 'instantaneous': [292], 'transports': [294], 'ocean.': [297]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2173760124', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 25}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 13}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-15T19:01:00.646897', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}