Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2169296235', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1109/67.976988', 'title': 'Auto-check circuit breaker interrupting capabilities', 'display_name': 'Auto-check circuit breaker interrupting capabilities', 'publication_year': 2002, 'publication_date': '2002-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2169296235', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1109/67.976988', 'mag': '2169296235'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1109/67.976988', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S59537196', 'display_name': 'IEEE Computer Applications in Power', 'issn_l': '0895-0156', 'issn': ['0895-0156', '1558-4151'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319808', 'host_organization_name': 'Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319808'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5040064910', 'display_name': 'Tahi-Thanh Nguyen', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I106791491', 'display_name': 'AspenTech (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01ngwgb14', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I106791491']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802640295', 'display_name': 'American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03kdkbm65', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2802640295']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'T.C. Nguyen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['ASPEN, Inc., San Mateo, CA, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'ASPEN, Inc., San Mateo, CA, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I106791491', 'https://openalex.org/I2802640295']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5025670552', 'display_name': 'Steve Chan', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0095-9847'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I106791491', 'display_name': 'AspenTech (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01ngwgb14', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I106791491']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802640295', 'display_name': 'American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03kdkbm65', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2802640295']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'S. Chan', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['ASPEN, Inc., San Mateo, CA, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'ASPEN, Inc., San Mateo, CA, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I106791491', 'https://openalex.org/I2802640295']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5026301793', 'display_name': 'Reid Bailey', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1685-5225'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210138378', 'display_name': 'Dominion (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/038q98v71', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210138378']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210120375', 'display_name': 'Smiths Power (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02qypfy05', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210120375']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'R. Bailey', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Dominion Virginia Power, Richmond, VA, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Dominion Virginia Power, Richmond, VA, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210138378', 'https://openalex.org/I4210120375']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5031935840', 'display_name': 'Thi Phuong Mai Nguyen', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3140-7244'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210120375', 'display_name': 'Smiths Power (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02qypfy05', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210120375']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210138378', 'display_name': 'Dominion (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/038q98v71', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210138378']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'T. Nguyen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Dominion Virginia Power, Richmond, VA, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Dominion Virginia Power, Richmond, VA, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210120375', 'https://openalex.org/I4210138378']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 4, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 4.673, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 18, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.929805, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 84, 'max': 85}, 'biblio': {'volume': '15', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '24', 'last_page': '28'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11941', 'display_name': 'Power System Reliability and Maintenance', 'score': 0.9992, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2213', 'display_name': 'Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11941', 'display_name': 'Power System Reliability and Maintenance', 'score': 0.9992, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2213', 'display_name': 'Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12077', 'display_name': 'Vacuum and Plasma Arcs', 'score': 0.9937, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3107', 'display_name': 'Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12737', 'display_name': 'Electrical Fault Detection and Protection', 'score': 0.9915, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2208', 'display_name': 'Electrical and Electronic Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/recloser', 'display_name': 'Recloser', 'score': 0.6415982}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution-board', 'display_name': 'Distribution board', 'score': 0.58547246}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/disconnector', 'display_name': 'Disconnector', 'score': 0.52213174}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/residual-current-device', 'display_name': 'Residual-current device', 'score': 0.5125494}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/fuse', 'display_name': 'Fuse (electrical)', 'score': 0.49214906}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/transient-recovery-voltage', 'display_name': 'Transient recovery voltage', 'score': 0.4789765}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C61352017', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211058', 'display_name': 'Circuit breaker', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.98178905}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C31712484', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618740', 'display_name': 'Recloser', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6415982}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C123158532', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128622', 'display_name': 'Distribution board', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.58547246}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C175551986', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089', 'display_name': 'Fault (geology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5808567}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C66325886', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10860300', 'display_name': 'Disconnector', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.52213174}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C157069517', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132172', 'display_name': 'Arc-fault circuit interrupter', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.51525664}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15116251', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337716', 'display_name': 'Residual-current device', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5125494}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C141353440', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182221', 'display_name': 'Fuse (electrical)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.49214906}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C200601418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887', 'display_name': 'Reliability engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.48297516}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.48128146}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C72047438', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779785', 'display_name': 'Transient recovery voltage', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.4789765}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C173093282', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228904', 'display_name': 'Sulfur hexafluoride circuit breaker', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.4405064}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777904410', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397', 'display_name': 'Software', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42861173}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C89227174', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981', 'display_name': 'Electric power system', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4267872}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.42655486}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119599485', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035', 'display_name': 'Electrical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.37861657}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C163258240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342', 'display_name': 'Power (physics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.31472996}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C165801399', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428', 'display_name': 'Voltage', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.18724164}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C68583231', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206907', 'display_name': 'Short circuit', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.17334136}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C64424096', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750454', 'display_name': 'Power factor', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.09642181}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C165205528', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371', 'display_name': 'Seismology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C29586797', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163663', 'display_name': 'Constant power circuit', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199360897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143', 'display_name': 'Programming language', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1109/67.976988', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S59537196', 'display_name': 'IEEE Computer Applications in Power', 'issn_l': '0895-0156', 'issn': ['0895-0156', '1558-4151'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319808', 'host_organization_name': 'Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319808'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3101982548', 'https://openalex.org/W2580081353', 'https://openalex.org/W2577354822', 'https://openalex.org/W250321534', 'https://openalex.org/W2460914904', 'https://openalex.org/W2380044501', 'https://openalex.org/W2362367971', 'https://openalex.org/W2097619530', 'https://openalex.org/W2081736596', 'https://openalex.org/W2076644370'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Circuit': [0], 'breakers': [1, 41, 50, 90, 148, 205], 'in': [2, 99, 146, 209], 'a': [3, 70, 190, 192, 213], 'utility': [4, 76], 'network': [5], 'are': [6, 51, 91, 97], 'designed': [7], 'to': [8, 46, 84, 177, 202], 'quickly': [9], 'isolate': [10], 'short-circuited': [11], 'equipment': [12], 'from': [13], 'the': [14, 17, 28, 49, 55, 87, 94, 143, 150, 167, 170, 181, 197, 210], 'rest': [15], 'of': [16, 32, 53, 61, 80, 116, 131, 169, 212], 'system.': [18], 'The': [19, 58, 78, 101, 114, 160], 'short-circuit': [20, 56, 158], 'current': [21], 'changes': [22], 'with': [23, 27], 'switching': [24], 'operations': [25], 'and': [26, 30, 105, 175, 199], 'addition': [29], 'removal': [31], 'generating': [33], 'sources.': [34], 'Hence,': [35], 'electric': [36], 'utilities': [37, 127], 'must': [38], 'check': [39], 'their': [40], 'periodically': [42], 'using': [43, 149], 'computer': [44], 'simulation': [45], 'ensure': [47, 203], 'that': [48, 153, 204], 'capable': [52], 'interrupting': [54], 'currents.': [57], 'recent': [59], 'proliferation': [60], 'independent': [62], 'power': [63], 'producers': [64], '(IPP)': [65], 'has': [66, 120], 'made': [67], 'breaker-rating': [68, 107, 118, 129, 161, 193], 'studies': [69, 82, 119], 'much': [71], 'more': [72, 172], 'routine': [73], 'procedure': [74], 'for': [75, 103, 123, 157], 'engineers.': [77], 'aim': [79], 'these': [81], 'is': [83, 109, 135, 142, 154, 180, 187], 'see': [85], 'if': [86], 'existing': [88], 'circuit': [89], 'adequate': [92], 'when': [93], 'proposed': [95], 'generators': [96], 'put': [98], 'service.': [100], 'need': [102], 'efficient': [104], 'accurate': [106], 'software': [108, 130], 'greater': [110], 'now': [111], 'than': [112], 'ever.': [113], 'benefit': [115], 'computerized': [117], 'been': [121], 'recognized': [122], 'many': [124], 'years.': [125], 'Most': [126], 'have': [128], 'some': [132], 'kind.': [133], 'What': [134], 'not': [136], 'well': [137], 'known': [138], 'about': [139], 'breaker': [140, 171, 182, 185], 'rating': [141, 147], 'inherent': [144], 'difficulty': [145], 'sequence-network': [151], 'model': [152], 'commonly': [155], 'used': [156], 'studies.': [159], 'program': [162, 194], 'was': [163], 'improved': [164], 'by': [165], 'making': [166], 'description': [168], 'flexible,': [173], 'universal,': [174], 'easy': [176], 'apply.': [178], 'This': [179], 'connection': [183], 'model.Once': [184], 'data': [186], 'entered': [188], 'into': [189], 'database,': [191], 'greatly': [195], 'reduces': [196], 'time': [198], 'effort': [200], 'required': [201], 'will': [206], 'work': [207], 'property': [208], 'event': [211], 'fault.': [214]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2169296235', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-13T17:26:55.636317', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}