Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2169039422', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.1961.1057642', 'title': 'Part 4: Detection Theory', 'display_name': 'Part 4: Detection Theory', 'publication_year': 1961, 'publication_date': '1961-07-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2169039422', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.1961.1057642', 'mag': '2169039422'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.1961.1057642', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4502562', 'display_name': 'IEEE Transactions on Information Theory', 'issn_l': '0018-9448', 'issn': ['0018-9448', '1557-9654'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_indexed_in_scopus': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319808', 'host_organization_name': 'Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319808'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5045318251', 'display_name': 'Robert M. Price', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6603-9168'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210122954', 'display_name': 'MIT Lincoln Laboratory', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/022z6jk58', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210122954', 'https://openalex.org/I63966007']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I63966007', 'display_name': 'Massachusetts Institute of Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/042nb2s44', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I63966007']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'R. Price', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, MA, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, MA, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210122954', 'https://openalex.org/I63966007']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5110225453', 'display_name': 'N. Abramson', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I97018004', 'display_name': 'Stanford University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00f54p054', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I97018004']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'N. Abramson', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Stanford, Stanford, CA, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Stanford, Stanford, CA, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I97018004']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 16, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.70365, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 89, 'max': 90}, 'biblio': {'volume': '7', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '135', 'last_page': '139'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12101', 'display_name': 'Advanced Bandit Algorithms Research', 'score': 0.9994, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1803', 'display_name': 'Management Science and Operations Research'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/18', 'display_name': 'Decision Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12101', 'display_name': 'Advanced Bandit Algorithms Research', 'score': 0.9994, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1803', 'display_name': 'Management Science and Operations Research'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/18', 'display_name': 'Decision Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12814', 'display_name': 'Gaussian Processes and Bayesian Inference', 'score': 0.958, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11206', 'display_name': 'Model Reduction and Neural Networks', 'score': 0.9369, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3109', 'display_name': 'Statistical and Nonlinear Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5290405}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.1961.1057642', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4502562', 'display_name': 'IEEE Transactions on Information Theory', 'issn_l': '0018-9448', 'issn': ['0018-9448', '1557-9654'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_indexed_in_scopus': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319808', 'host_organization_name': 'Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319808'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 32, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2013362375', 'https://openalex.org/W2017895459', 'https://openalex.org/W2034964921', 'https://openalex.org/W2070127919', 'https://openalex.org/W2080382120', 'https://openalex.org/W2082476618', 'https://openalex.org/W2093025205', 'https://openalex.org/W209589608', 'https://openalex.org/W2097100439', 'https://openalex.org/W2098586087', 'https://openalex.org/W2100909396', 'https://openalex.org/W2106033319', 'https://openalex.org/W2114302156', 'https://openalex.org/W2116324626', 'https://openalex.org/W2119924504', 'https://openalex.org/W2120087366', 'https://openalex.org/W2120750866', 'https://openalex.org/W2121488301', 'https://openalex.org/W2124377666', 'https://openalex.org/W2134403526', 'https://openalex.org/W2141927780', 'https://openalex.org/W2145672854', 'https://openalex.org/W2147098387', 'https://openalex.org/W2150817177', 'https://openalex.org/W2156522473', 'https://openalex.org/W2161818537', 'https://openalex.org/W2164165727', 'https://openalex.org/W2166072466', 'https://openalex.org/W2198263863', 'https://openalex.org/W2328325095', 'https://openalex.org/W3119024118', 'https://openalex.org/W4205447762'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4391913857', 'https://openalex.org/W2748952813', 'https://openalex.org/W2530322880', 'https://openalex.org/W2478288626', 'https://openalex.org/W2390279801', 'https://openalex.org/W2382290278', 'https://openalex.org/W2376932109', 'https://openalex.org/W2358668433', 'https://openalex.org/W2350741829', 'https://openalex.org/W2001405890'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2169039422', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-21T04:42:51.327691', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}