Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2168081408', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2015.07.001', 'title': 'A literature-driven method to calculate similarities among diseases', 'display_name': 'A literature-driven method to calculate similarities among diseases', 'publication_year': 2015, 'publication_date': '2015-07-10', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2168081408', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2015.07.001', 'mag': '2168081408', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26212477'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2015.07.001', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S138959710', 'display_name': 'Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine', 'issn_l': '0169-2607', 'issn': ['0169-2607', '1872-7565'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100359565', 'display_name': 'Hyunjin Kim', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0947-3149'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I193775966', 'display_name': 'Yonsei University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01wjejq96', 'country_code': 'KR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I193775966']}], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Hyunjin Kim', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, South Korea'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, South Korea', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I193775966']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5016587215', 'display_name': 'Youngmi Yoon', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7420-4968'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I12832649', 'display_name': 'Gachon University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03ryywt80', 'country_code': 'KR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I12832649']}], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Youngmi Yoon', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, South Korea'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, South Korea', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I12832649']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5027608625', 'display_name': 'Jaegyoon Ahn', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7020-7002'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I161318765', 'display_name': 'University of California, Los Angeles', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/046rm7j60', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I161318765']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jaegyoon Ahn', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I161318765']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100322270', 'display_name': 'Sanghyun Park', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5196-6193'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I193775966', 'display_name': 'Yonsei University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01wjejq96', 'country_code': 'KR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I193775966']}], 'countries': ['KR'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Sanghyun Park', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, South Korea'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, South Korea', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I193775966']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5100322270'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I193775966'], 'apc_list': {'value': 2880, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2880, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.506, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 12, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.772241, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 87, 'max': 88}, 'biblio': {'volume': '122', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '108', 'last_page': '122'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10887', 'display_name': 'Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks', 'score': 0.9995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10887', 'display_name': 'Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks', 'score': 0.9995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11710', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies', 'score': 0.9987, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12254', 'display_name': 'Machine Learning in Bioinformatics', 'score': 0.9906, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity', 'display_name': 'Similarity (geometry)', 'score': 0.5934694}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/paraphrase', 'display_name': 'Paraphrase', 'score': 0.5664125}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/feature', 'display_name': 'Feature (linguistics)', 'score': 0.42140323}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779134260', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136', 'display_name': 'Disease', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.79714274}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C103278499', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465', 'display_name': 'Similarity (geometry)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5934694}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780922921', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q255189', 'display_name': 'Paraphrase', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5664125}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C189430467', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293', 'display_name': 'Ranking (information retrieval)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5463647}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5420355}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776401178', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496', 'display_name': 'Feature (linguistics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42140323}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.34260333}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C204321447', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642', 'display_name': 'Natural language processing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.32595748}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.25120255}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41895202', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162', 'display_name': 'Linguistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.20785749}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208', 'display_name': 'Pathology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.1324893}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.096925765}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C115961682', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623', 'display_name': 'Image (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D064229', 'descriptor_name': 'Biological Ontologies', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004194', 'descriptor_name': 'Disease', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004194', 'descriptor_name': 'Disease', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000145', 'qualifier_name': 'classification', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020022', 'descriptor_name': 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010506', 'descriptor_name': 'Periodicals as Topic', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000706', 'qualifier_name': 'statistics & numerical data', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D063189', 'descriptor_name': 'Symptom Assessment', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000145', 'qualifier_name': 'classification', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000465', 'descriptor_name': 'Algorithms', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003627', 'descriptor_name': 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D057225', 'descriptor_name': 'Data Mining', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D057225', 'descriptor_name': 'Data Mining', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004194', 'descriptor_name': 'Disease', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020022', 'descriptor_name': 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015201', 'descriptor_name': 'Meta-Analysis as Topic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010506', 'descriptor_name': 'Periodicals as Topic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D063189', 'descriptor_name': 'Symptom Assessment', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2015.07.001', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S138959710', 'display_name': 'Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine', 'issn_l': '0169-2607', 'issn': ['0169-2607', '1872-7565'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26212477', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [{'funder': 'https://openalex.org/F4320322120', 'funder_display_name': 'National Research Foundation of Korea', 'award_id': None}], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 78, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1495712943', 'https://openalex.org/W1647729745', 'https://openalex.org/W1738124305', 'https://openalex.org/W1961827049', 'https://openalex.org/W1964905434', 'https://openalex.org/W1965042224', 'https://openalex.org/W1972970763', 'https://openalex.org/W1977040566', 'https://openalex.org/W1977878983', 'https://openalex.org/W1981172976', 'https://openalex.org/W1984789788', 'https://openalex.org/W1986859702', 'https://openalex.org/W1989755866', 'https://openalex.org/W1990877187', 'https://openalex.org/W1993794517', 'https://openalex.org/W1993885194', 'https://openalex.org/W1994461054', 'https://openalex.org/W2009777324', 'https://openalex.org/W2010707723', 'https://openalex.org/W2017857028', 'https://openalex.org/W2021757153', 'https://openalex.org/W2022732522', 'https://openalex.org/W2022811909', 'https://openalex.org/W202767273', 'https://openalex.org/W2029126264', 'https://openalex.org/W2035859716', 'https://openalex.org/W2038972262', 'https://openalex.org/W2039556556', 'https://openalex.org/W2046007083', 'https://openalex.org/W2046888465', 'https://openalex.org/W2047509380', 'https://openalex.org/W2051952186', 'https://openalex.org/W2054674225', 'https://openalex.org/W2060518298', 'https://openalex.org/W2064097812', 'https://openalex.org/W2076879573', 'https://openalex.org/W2082385184', 'https://openalex.org/W2083045667', 'https://openalex.org/W2088915106', 'https://openalex.org/W2095081508', 'https://openalex.org/W2096110335', 'https://openalex.org/W2099356858', 'https://openalex.org/W2100935296', 'https://openalex.org/W2108572766', 'https://openalex.org/W2113072832', 'https://openalex.org/W2117805756', 'https://openalex.org/W2119350190', 'https://openalex.org/W2120487911', 'https://openalex.org/W2121343862', 'https://openalex.org/W2122708083', 'https://openalex.org/W2128049108', 'https://openalex.org/W2131253515', 'https://openalex.org/W2132290594', 'https://openalex.org/W2135667114', 'https://openalex.org/W2143076797', 'https://openalex.org/W2148422519', 'https://openalex.org/W2150422319', 'https://openalex.org/W2152635419', 'https://openalex.org/W2153180469', 'https://openalex.org/W2154654747', 'https://openalex.org/W2162285953', 'https://openalex.org/W2183324004', 'https://openalex.org/W2269235918', 'https://openalex.org/W2337230273', 'https://openalex.org/W2394208275', 'https://openalex.org/W2481004812', 'https://openalex.org/W2484091072', 'https://openalex.org/W2520159848', 'https://openalex.org/W2913668833', 'https://openalex.org/W2942988949', 'https://openalex.org/W2963855909', 'https://openalex.org/W3144688185', 'https://openalex.org/W3149555810', 'https://openalex.org/W4230574761', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527', 'https://openalex.org/W45676886', 'https://openalex.org/W65658911', 'https://openalex.org/W90273392'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4378713476', 'https://openalex.org/W4310803295', 'https://openalex.org/W4248451614', 'https://openalex.org/W3132357981', 'https://openalex.org/W2978707643', 'https://openalex.org/W2736149021', 'https://openalex.org/W2294233724', 'https://openalex.org/W2169813772', 'https://openalex.org/W2007563177', 'https://openalex.org/W1973985309'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2168081408', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-16T06:31:48.822549', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}