Bax Channel Inhibitors Prevent Mitochondrion-mediated Apoptosis and Protect Neurons in a Model of Global Brain Ischemia

Name: Work Video:
Duration: 3 min 30 s
Claudio Hetz; Pierre‐Alain Vitte; Agnès Bombrun; Tatiana K. Rostovtseva; Sylvie Montessuit; Agnes Hiver; Matthias Schwarz; Dennis Church; Stanley J. Korsmeyer; Jean‐Claude Martinou; Bruno Antonsson
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1378, 1404, 1429, 1482, 1507, 1542, 1579, 1614, 1760, 1787, 1809, 1913, 1923, 1928, 1938, 1955, 1984, 2071, 2210, 2216, 2228, 2261, 2277, 2299, 2310, 2324, 2349, 2373, 2408, 2442, 2483, 2502, 2511, 2528, 2547, 2556, 2596, 2598, 2628, 2684, 2822, 2838, 2858, 2923, 2931, 2950, 3005, 3057, 3073, 3144, 3154, 3184, 3200, 3222, 3226, 3240, 3277, 3292, 3297, 3319, 3321, 3363, 3370, 3378, 3392, 3509, 3528, 3538, 3557, 3577, 3603, 3612, 3641, 3652, 3762, 3782, 3854, 3866, 3875, 4015, 4025, 4089, 4219, 4235], 'myocardial': [11, 184], 'infarction.': [12, 185], 'Several': [13, 186, 507], 'studies': [14, 187], 'have': [15, 68, 188, 241, 383, 512, 1392, 2640, 4106, 4352], 'indicated': [16, 189, 3329], 'extensive': [17, 190], 'apoptotic': [18, 191, 744, 922, 1188, 1449, 1523], 'cell': [19, 50, 192, 223, 350, 372, 654, 674, 730, 852, 1189, 1212, 1238, 1450, 1524, 2859, 2944, 3012, 3074, 3330, 3622], 'death': [20, 193, 351, 517, 731, 853, 1451], 'in': [21, 28, 48, 95, 126, 135, 146, 156, 171, 194, 201, 221, 268, 299, 308, 319, 329, 344, 360, 367, 375, 386, 404, 609, 631, 693, 785, 850, 870, 913, 1003, 1249, 1356, 1438, 1440, 1452, 1462, 1474, 1480, 1498, 1519, 1539, 1578, 1611, 1668, 1717, 1731, 1758, 1765, 1776, 1779, 1783, 1805, 1814, 1849, 1855, 1948, 2041, 2074, 2198, 2243, 2331, 2384, 2405, 2473, 2489, 2523, 2532, 2544, 2573, 2674, 2752, 2802, 2819, 2991, 3054, 3120, 3137, 3174, 3189, 3232, 3273, 3282, 3294, 3438, 3493, 3541, 3638, 3675, 3726, 3830, 3847, 3885, 3939, 3970, 4003, 4067, 4093, 4245, 4259, 4274, 4321, 4359], 'the': [22, 29, 33, 42, 93, 96, 112, 123, 131, 147, 157, 162, 195, 202, 206, 215, 266, 269, 285, 296, 304, 320, 330, 335, 368, 376, 387, 409, 516, 521, 577, 583, 598, 610, 694, 702, 716, 724, 728, 735, 753, 762, 769, 780, 845, 914, 926, 931, 1044, 1053, 1058, 1062, 1070, 1120, 1128, 1357, 1360, 1368, 1375, 1387, 1444, 1467, 1490, 1510, 1520, 1745, 1796, 1799, 1810, 1815, 1833, 1862, 1988, 2042, 2075, 2089, 2105, 2113, 2120, 2142, 2152, 2194, 2229, 2278, 2300, 2350, 2353, 2370, 2385, 2406, 2411, 2428, 2431, 2443, 2452, 2455, 2458, 2490, 2498, 2512, 2545, 2571, 2574, 2587, 2590, 2599, 2610, 2632, 2697, 2711, 2727, 2769, 2826, 2844, 2849, 2852, 2854, 2871, 2907, 2927, 2962, 2965, 2985, 2992, 2997, 3001, 3190, 3210, 3213, 3253, 3259, 3263, 3295, 3301, 3322, 3325, 3384, 3387, 3390, 3449, 3474, 3480, 3483, 3487, 3496, 3520, 3578, 3599, 3604, 3620, 3639, 3653, 3656, 3671, 3676, 3720, 3727, 3732, 3774, 3796, 3801, 3817, 3822, 3840, 3880, 3891, 3894, 3912, 3915, 3926, 3931, 4013, 4020, 4023, 4026, 4031, 4035, 4053, 4061, 4094, 4178, 4197, 4214, 4220, 4256, 4260, 4297, 4300, 4322, 4347, 4400], 'infarcted': [23, 34, 158, 196, 207, 331], 'area': [24, 197], 'as': [25, 27, 64, 198, 200, 237, 413, 723, 908, 1400, 1533, 1544, 1619, 1674, 1865, 2093, 2166, 2369, 2424, 2582, 2603, 2720, 2878, 3020, 3070, 3252, 3453, 3585, 3694, 3715, 3827, 3906], 'well': [26, 199], 'penumbra': [30, 203], 'region': [31, 204], 'of': [32, 58, 115, 139, 205, 231, 288, 312, 370, 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218, 226, 519, 523, 732, 782], 'is': [46, 54, 161, 169, 219, 227, 334, 342, 347, 617, 783, 906, 1166, 1348, 1383, 1421, 1464, 1500, 3383, 4001, 4202, 4253, 4342], 'involved': [47, 220, 784], 'ischemia-related': [49, 222, 786], 'death.': [51, 224, 1190, 1525], 'This': [52, 160, 225, 333], 'triggered': [55, 228], 'by': [56, 229, 856, 1492, 2049, 2136, 2218, 2233, 2326, 2359, 2462, 2717, 2731, 2750, 2863, 2936, 3010, 3050, 3067, 3081, 3267, 3570, 3582, 3626, 3708, 3735, 4224], 'activation': [57, 114, 230, 287, 578, 599, 755, 996, 2747], 'pro-apoptotic': [59, 232, 770, 1372, 3740, 4344], 'Bcl-2': [60, 233, 587, 615, 625, 679, 765, 1191, 1217, 4348], 'family': [61, 234, 588, 616, 626], 'members': [62, 235, 627, 680, 690, 704, 740], 'such': [63, 236, 412, 3905], 'Bax.': [65, 238, 3960], 'Here,': [66, 239, 3771], 'we': [67, 240, 1391, 1415, 3772, 3929, 4302], 'identified': [69, 242, 1393], 'synthesized': [71, 244], 'two': [72, 245, 1863, 3777], 'low': [73, 246, 1394, 2051, 3746], 'molecular': [74, 247, 1376, 1395, 3733, 3747], 'weight': [75, 248, 1396, 3748], 'compounds': [76, 132, 249, 305, 1397, 1445, 1495, 2090, 2412, 2572, 2633, 2998, 3749, 3764, 3932], 'block': [78, 251], 'Bax': [79, 83, 106, 116, 166, 252, 256, 279, 289, 339, 698, 719, 757, 772, 849, 905, 1046, 1202, 1205, 1228, 1231, 1245, 1351, 1401, 1409, 1418, 1432, 1504, 1516, 1530, 1570, 1755, 2396, 2421, 2440, 2522, 2552, 2557, 2643, 2746, 2968, 3214, 3484, 3723, 3737, 3753, 3767, 3786, 3844, 3892, 3909, 3918, 3927, 3948, 4016, 4051, 4104, 4199, 4217], 'channel': [80, 84, 107, 167, 253, 257, 280, 340, 648, 650, 668, 670, 1199, 1203, 1206, 1225, 1229, 1232, 1402, 1419, 1433, 1468, 1505, 1517, 1726, 2103, 2553, 2558, 3215, 3754, 3768, 3919, 3949, 4200, 4314], 'activity.': [81, 254, 3770], 'The': [82, 105, 143, 255, 278, 316, 570, 586, 614, 737, 1173, 1460, 1713, 1725, 1823, 1905, 1944, 2085, 2128, 2236, 2267, 2320, 2338, 2535, 2606, 2669, 2708, 2723, 3269, 3285, 3380, 3456, 3524, 3566, 3615, 3644, 3756, 3856, 3983, 3996, 4083, 4207], 'inhibitors': [85, 108, 258, 281, 1469, 2106, 2845, 2928], 'prevented': [86, 259], 'cytochrome': [87, 153, 260, 326, 1067, 1122, 1255, 1424, 2354, 2375, 3490, 3634, 3660, 3665, 3672, 4275], 'c': [88, 154, 261, 327, 1123, 1256, 1425, 2158, 2335, 2355, 2376, 3436, 3491, 3631, 3635, 3661, 3666, 3673, 4276], 'release': [89, 155, 262, 328, 1063, 1257, 1426, 2377, 3492, 3818, 4277], 'from': [90, 263, 1069, 1258, 1427, 1581, 1842, 1845, 1932, 1942, 1978, 2163, 2609, 2726, 2812, 3592, 3607, 3679, 3821, 3973, 4113], 'mitochondria,': [91, 264, 1045], 'inhibited': [92, 265, 3843, 3884, 3987], 'decrease': [94, 267, 2147, 3969, 4066], 'mitochondrial': [97, 124, 270, 297, 522, 611, 781, 1055, 1071, 1361, 1981, 2275, 2713, 2855, 4261], 'membrane': [98, 125, 271, 298, 1059, 2121, 2856], 'potential,': [99, 272], 'protected': [101, 133, 274, 306, 866, 1446], 'cells': [102, 127, 275, 300, 917, 1439, 2165, 2195, 2525, 2536, 2566, 2579, 2593, 2612, 2627, 2629, 2753, 2805, 2816, 2827, 2872, 2912, 2976, 3002, 3007, 3310, 3567], 'against': [103, 276, 867, 1448], 'apoptosis.': [104, 129, 172, 277, 302, 345], 'did': [109, 282, 1470, 1479, 4194], 'not': [110, 283, 1407, 1471, 2636, 2763, 4195, 4250, 4339], 'affect': [111, 284], 'conformational': [113, 286, 754], 'or': [117, 290, 380, 701, 750, 766, 1916, 1959, 1966, 1971, 2115, 2148, 2806, 2814, 2969, 2994, 3344, 3470, 3809, 3837, 3921, 4316, 4331], 'its': [118, 291, 1171, 1371, 1380, 3739, 3813], 'translocation': [119, 292], 'insertion': [121, 294, 3910], 'into': [122, 295, 685, 1052, 3279, 3372, 3535, 3911], 'undergoing': [128, 301], 'Furthermore,': [130, 303], 'neurons': [134, 307, 864, 1447, 3351, 3359, 3369], 'an': [136, 309, 1453, 1572, 1605, 2032, 2330, 2343, 3828, 3945], 'animal': [137, 148, 310, 321, 1454, 3147], 'model': [138, 149, 311, 322, 1455], 'global': [140, 313, 1457, 3488], 'brain': [141, 314, 1458, 3218], 'ischemia.': [142, 315, 1459, 3477, 3523], 'protective': [144, 317], 'effect': [145, 318, 1461, 2087, 3211, 3998, 4310, 4402], 'correlated': [150, 323], 'decreased': [152, 325], 'area.': [159, 332], 'first': [163, 336, 1511, 3640, 3790], 'demonstration': [164, 337], 'activity': [168, 341, 1248, 1373, 1382, 1420, 1434, 1506, 1518, 1727, 3788, 3815, 3846, 3881, 3950, 4201], 'required': [170, 343, 1422], 'Apoptosis': [346, 2801], 'a': [348, 390, 604, 857, 909, 1125, 1353, 1534, 1721, 1735, 1784, 1856, 2050, 2068, 2079, 2137, 2145, 2221, 2293, 2398, 2466, 2583, 2691, 2840, 3138, 3175, 3283, 3306, 3444, 3573, 3650, 3685, 3742, 3848, 3922, 3967, 4064, 4107, 4272], 'conserved': [349], 'mechanism': [352, 1491, 3734, 3775], 'essential': [353, 725], 'for': [354, 844, 1423, 1509, 1792, 1820, 2125, 2132, 2282, 2307, 2317, 2415, 2448, 2561, 2705, 2834, 2919, 3205, 3389, 3588, 3752], 'normal': [355, 903], 'development': [356, 369], 'tissue': [358], 'homeostasis': [359], 'multicellular': [361], 'organisms.': [362], 'Although': [363, 1346], 'presumably': [365], 'participates': [366], 'all': [371, 2592], 'lineages,': [373], 'aberrations': [374], 'expression': [377], 'pro-': [379, 620], 'anti-apoptotic': [381, 622, 763], 'proteins': [382, 589, 718, 1130, 2714, 4258], 'been': [384, 513, 998, 4266], 'implicated': [385], 'initiation': [388], 'variety': [391], 'human': [393, 1208, 1234, 2972], 'diseases,': [394], 'arteriosclerosis,': [396], 'heart': [397], 'failure,': [398], 'infertility,': [399], 'autoimmunity,': [400], 'immunodeficiency,': [401], 'cancer,': [403], 'addition': [405, 2364, 3954, 3989, 4045, 4076, 4187], 'to': [406, 727, 742, 775, 920, 930, 1000, 1170, 1187, 1719, 1773, 1831, 1987, 2112, 2116, 2240, 2271, 2292, 2379, 2438, 2530, 2621, 2961, 3443, 3619, 3659, 3670, 3684, 3760, 3839, 3861, 3975, 4030, 4052, 4060, 4116, 4191], 'diseases': [407], 'affecting': [408], 'nervous': [410], 'system': [411, 2492], 'neurodegeneration': [414], 'ischemia': [416], '(1Yin': [417], 'X.M.': [418, 1285], 'Luo': [419], 'Y.': [420, 977, 1015, 1999, 4285], 'Cao': [421], 'G.': [422, 1291, 1328, 1587, 1622, 1695, 4139], 'Bai': [423], 'L.': [424, 880, 1322, 1689, 4133], 'Pei': [425], 'W.': [426], 'Kuharsky': [427], 'D.K.': [428], 'Chen': [429], 'J.': [430, 431, 448, 531, 825, 936, 942, 1017, 1103, 1635, 1891, 2176, 2653, 2786, 2789, 3418, 3423, 4168, 4382], 'Biol.': [432, 534, 1104, 1271, 1636, 2177, 2654, 4383], 'Chem.': [433, 1105, 1637, 2178, 2655, 4384], '2002;': [434, 2895, 3038, 4169], '277:': [435, 1339, 1706, 4150], '42074-42081Abstract': [436], 'Full': [437, 439, 812, 1109, 1111, 1152, 1154, 1641, 1643, 1895, 1897, 2182, 2184, 2659, 2661, 4388, 4390], 'Text': [438, 440, 813, 1110, 1112, 1153, 1155, 1642, 1644, 1896, 1898, 2183, 2185, 2660, 2662, 4389, 4391], 'PDF': [441, 814, 1113, 1156, 1645, 1899, 2186, 2663, 4392], 'PubMed': [442, 488, 538, 551, 565, 815, 839, 897, 946, 967, 990, 1038, 1090, 1114, 1157, 1275, 1304, 1341, 1563, 1598, 1646, 1708, 1881, 1900, 2005, 2022, 2187, 2664, 2794, 2898, 3041, 3112, 3404, 4152, 4172, 4290, 4393], 'Scopus': [443, 489, 539, 566, 816, 898, 947, 968, 991, 1039, 1091, 1115, 1158, 1276, 1305, 1342, 1564, 1599, 1647, 1709, 1882, 1901, 2006, 2023, 2188, 2665, 2795, 2899, 3042, 3113, 3405, 4153, 4173, 4291, 4394], '(109)': [444], 'Google': [445, 491, 505, 541, 552, 568, 818, 840, 900, 949, 970, 993, 1041, 1093, 1117, 1160, 1278, 1307, 1344, 1566, 1601, 1649, 1711, 1884, 1903, 2008, 2025, 2190, 2667, 2797, 2901, 3044, 3115, 3407, 3430, 4155, 4175, 4293, 4396], 'Scholar,': [446, 492, 542, 553, 819, 950, 971, 1094, 1279, 1308, 1885, 2009, 3408, 4156], '2Narula': [447], 'Pandey': [449], 'P.': [450, 801, 876, 973, 1135, 1870], 'Arbustini': [451], 'E.': [452, 1582, 1589, 1612, 2011, 2782], 'Haider': [453], 'N.': [454, 456, 1007, 1998], 'Narula': [455], 'Kolodgie': [457], 'F.D.': [458], 'Dal': [459], 'Bello': [460], 'B.': [461, 884, 1096, 1100, 1310, 1556, 1591, 1634, 1677, 1996, 2169, 2173, 2646, 2650, 4121, 4166, 4373], 'Semigran': [462], 'M.J.': [463], 'Bielsa-Masdeu': [464], 'A.': [465, 484, 555, 893, 934, 963, 1019, 1034, 1086, 1283, 1300, 1314, 1324, 1632, 1681, 1691, 1877, 2894, 3037, 3420, 4125, 4135], 'Dec': [466], 'G.W.': [467], 'Israels': [468], 'S.': [469, 475, 477, 483, 527, 805, 878, 892, 962, 1009, 1013, 1033, 1085, 1098, 1299, 1316, 1318, 1548, 1552, 1585, 1624, 1683, 1685, 1876, 2013, 2171, 2648, 2778, 2780, 2893, 3036, 4127, 4129, 4162, 4281], 'Ballester': [470], 'M.': [471, 791, 799, 831, 1143, 1264, 1289, 1868, 2015, 2017, 2776, 3410, 4283, 4375, 4379], 'Virmani': [472], 'R.': [473, 874, 1334, 1626, 1701, 2887, 3030, 4145], 'Saxena': [474], 'Kharbanda': [476], 'Proc.': [478, 887, 957, 1028, 1080, 1294, 1871, 2888, 3031], 'Natl.': [479, 888, 958, 1029, 1081, 1295, 1872, 2889, 3032], 'Acad.': [480, 889, 959, 1030, 1082, 1296, 1873, 2000, 2890, 3033], 'Sci.': [481, 890, 960, 1031, 1083, 1297, 1874, 2001, 2891, 3034], 'U.': [482, 891, 961, 981, 1032, 1084, 1298, 1875, 2892, 3035], '1999;': [485, 562, 1595, 3427, 4287], '96:': [486], '8144-8149Crossref': [487], '(516)': [490], '3Green': [493], 'D.R.': [494, 544], 'Bissonnette': [495], 'R.P.': [496], 'Cotter': [497], 'T.G.': [498], 'Important': [499], 'Adv.': [500], 'Oncol.': [501], '1994;': [502, 809], ':': [503], '37-52PubMed': [504], 'Scholar).': [506, 569, 841, 901, 994, 1042, 1118, 1161, 1345, 1567, 1602, 1650, 1712, 1904, 2026, 2191, 2668, 2798, 2902, 3045, 3116, 3431, 4176, 4294, 4397], 'intracellular': [508, 607], 'signaling': [510], 'pathways': [511], 'identified,': [514], 'receptor': [518], '(4Schmitz': [524], 'I.': [525, 795, 1139, 1320, 1687, 4131], 'Kirchhoff': [526], 'Krammer': [528], 'P.H.': [529, 1268, 1281], 'Int.': [530], 'Biochem.': [532, 4167], 'Cell': [533, 1270, 2803], '2000;': [535, 1272, 1638], '32:': [536], '1123-1136Crossref': [537], '(230)': [540], '5Green': [543], 'Reed': [545], 'J.C.': [546], 'Science.': [547, 1337, 1704, 2018, 3108, 4148], '1998;': [548, 943, 987, 1560, 1892], '281:': [549], '1309-1312Crossref': [550], '6Gross': [554], 'McDonnell': [556], 'J.M.': [557, 983], 'Korsmeyer': [558, 828, 939, 1024, 1265, 1292, 3106], 'S.J.': [559, 829, 940, 1025, 1266, 1293, 3107], 'Genes': [560], 'Dev.': [561], '13:': [563, 810, 1561], '1899-1911Crossref': [564], '(3245)': [567], 'induction': [571], 'ultimately': [574, 1185], 'converges': [575], 'upon': [576], 'cysteine': [580], 'proteases': [581], 'caspase': [584], 'family.': [585, 4350], 'located': [591], 'upstream': [592, 738], 'at': [593, 734, 1374, 1789, 1826, 1968, 2063, 2285, 2304, 2313, 2397, 2418, 2427, 2504, 2516, 2694, 2701, 3151, 3156, 3186, 4204, 4227], 'organelle': [594], 'membranes': [595, 1252, 1839, 1945, 1983, 4362], 'control': [597, 3721, 4304], 'downstream': [601, 1177], 'caspases,': [602, 1179], 'representing': [603], 'critical': [605], 'proximal': [606], 'checkpoint': [608], 'pathway.': [613], 'composed': [618], 'members.': [623], 'Anti-apoptotic': [624], 'display': [628], 'sequence': [629], 'homology': [630, 692, 1192, 1218], 'four': [632], 'α-helical': [633], 'domains': [634, 696], 'called': [635], 'BH1–BH4.': [636], '3The': [637], 'abbreviations': [638, 658], 'used': [639, 659, 1830, 2581, 3251], 'are:': [640, 660], 'BHBcl-2': [641, 661], 'homologyPBSphosphate-buffered': [642, 662], 'salineMES4-morpholineethanesulfonic': [643, 663], 'acidVDACvoltage-dependent': [644, 664], 'anion': [645, 665, 1198, 1224], 'channelCHAPS3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonic': [646, 666], 'acidBci1Bax': [647, 667], 'inhibitor-1Bci2Bax': [649, 669], 'inhibitor-2HEKhuman': [651, 671], 'embryonic': [652, 656, 672, 676, 1209, 1215, 1235, 1241, 2810, 2973, 3060], 'kidneyFACSfluorescence-activated': [653, 673], 'sorterMEFmurine': [655, 675], 'fibroblast.3The': [657], 'fibroblast.': [677, 1216, 1242], 'Pro-apoptotic': [678], 'can': [681], 'be': [682, 1001, 3862], 'further': [683, 2446], 'subdivided': [684], 'more': [686], 'fully': [687], 'conserved,': [688], '"multidomain"': [689], 'BH1–BH3': [695], '(e.g.': [697, 705], 'Bak)': [700], '"BH3-only"': [703], 'Bid,': [706], 'Bad,': [707], 'Bim).': [709], 'Genetic': [710], 'biochemical': [712], 'analyses': [713], 'indicate': [714], 'multidomain': [717], 'Bak': [721, 2970], 'function': [722, 1355, 1388, 1399], 'gateway': [726], 'intrinsic': [729], 'operating': [733], 'mitochondria.': [736], 'BH3-only': [739], 'respond': [741], 'particular': [743], 'signals': [745], 'subsequently,': [747], 'either': [748, 2111, 3806, 4312], 'directly': [749, 2072], 'indirectly,': [751], 'trigger': [752], 'and/or': [758], 'Bak.': [759], 'Overexpression': [760], 'protein': [764, 771, 912, 927, 1369, 1538, 4024, 4349], 'deletion': [767], 'increases': [773], 'resistance': [774], 'ischemic': [776, 3457], 'insults,': [777], 'indicating': [778], '(7Martinou': [788], 'J.-C.': [789, 1102, 1336, 1554, 1630, 1703, 2175, 2652, 4147, 4164], 'Dubois-Dauphin': [790], 'Staple': [792], 'J.K.': [793], 'Rodriguez': [794], 'Frankowski': [796], 'H.': [797], 'Missotten': [798], 'Albertini': [800], 'Talabot': [802], 'D.': [803, 1137, 3414], 'Catsicas': [804], 'Pietra': [806], 'C.': [807, 1628, 2774, 2788, 2881, 3024], 'Neuron.': [808], '1017-1030Abstract': [811], '(1013)': [817], '8Gibson': [820], 'M.E.': [821], 'Han': [822], 'B.H.': [823], 'Choi': [824], 'Knudson': [826], 'C.M.': [827], 'Parsadanian': [830], 'Holtzman': [832], 'D.M.': [833], 'Mol.': [834], 'Med.': [835], '2001;': [836, 1035, 1106, 2179, 2656, 3109], '7:': [837], '644-655Crossref': [838], 'Further': [842], 'evidence': [843], 'crucial': [846], 'role': [847, 4273], 'neuronal': [851], 'was': [854, 1531, 1576, 1609, 1652, 1729, 1807, 1812, 1940, 2091, 2154, 2269, 2289, 2322, 2357, 2403, 2422, 2436, 2500, 2514, 2715, 2748, 2904, 2934, 2946, 3048, 3065, 3076, 3169, 3250, 3610, 3636, 3662, 3700, 3713, 3750, 3789, 3825, 3882, 3985, 4181, 4222, 4247, 4319, 4411], 'provided': [855], 'recent': [858], 'study': [859], 'showing': [860, 3311], 'cerebellum': [862], 'granule': [863], 'prion-induced': [868], 'Bax–/–': [871], 'mice': [872], '(9Chiesa': [873], 'Piccardo': [875], 'Dossena': [877], 'Nowoslawski': [879], 'Roth': [881, 3100], 'K.A.': [882, 3101], 'Ghetti': [883], 'Harris': [885], 'D.A.': [886, 1011], '2005;': [894, 2791], '102:': [895, 3402], '238-243Crossref': [896], '(80)': [899], 'In': [902, 1119, 1442, 2192, 2564, 2910], 'cells,': [904, 1476], 'present': [907], 'soluble': [910], 'monomeric': [911, 2395], 'cytosol.': [915], 'When': [916, 3800, 4177], 'exposed': [919], 'various': [921, 3900], 'stimuli,': [923], 'hypoxia,': [925], 'translocates': [928], 'specifically': [929], 'mitochondria': [932, 1262, 1428, 2230, 2237, 2380, 2600, 2607, 2671, 3579, 3591], '(10Gross': [933], 'Jockel': [935], 'Wei': [937], 'M.C.': [938, 3089], 'EMBO': [941], '17:': [944, 988], '3878-3885Crossref': [945], '(966)': [948], '11Hsu': [951], 'Y.T.': [952, 1075], 'Wolter': [953, 1076], 'K.G.': [954, 1077], 'Youle': [955, 1078, 4376], 'R.J.': [956, 1079, 4377], '1997;': [964, 1087, 1149, 1301, 1338, 1705, 4149], '94:': [965, 1088, 1302], '3668-3672Crossref': [966, 1089], '(1025)': [969, 1092], '12Saikumar': [972], 'Dong': [974], 'Z.': [975], 'Patel': [976, 1551], 'Hall': [978], 'K.': [979, 1287, 1330, 1697, 2784, 4141], 'Hopfer': [980], 'Weinberg': [982], 'Venkatachalam': [984], 'M.A.': [985, 1027], 'Oncogene.': [986], '3401-3415Crossref': [989], '(259)': [992], 'Bid': [995, 1603, 1658, 4341, 4355], 'has': [997, 1352, 4265], 'shown': [999], 'important': [1002], 'hypoxia-induced': [1004], '(13Plesnila': [1006], 'Zinkel': [1008], 'Le': [1010, 3127], 'Amin-Hanjani': [1012], 'Wu': [1014], 'Qiu': [1016], 'Chiarugi': [1018], 'Thomas': [1020], 'S.S.': [1021, 1550], 'Kohane': [1022], 'D.S.': [1023], 'Moskowitz': [1026], '98:': [1036], '15318-15323Crossref': [1037], '(227)': [1040], 'At': [1043, 1795, 2451, 2586, 2848, 3877], 'forms': [1047, 1124, 4356], 'oligomers,': [1048], 'which': [1049, 1180, 1493, 3682, 3736, 3824], 'inserted': [1051], 'outer': [1054, 1982, 4262], 'membrane,': [1056, 3914], 'permeabilizing': [1057], 'triggering': [1061], 'proteins,': [1065], 'c,': [1068], 'intermembrane': [1072], 'space': [1073], '(11Hsu': [1074], '14Antonsson': [1095], 'Montessuit': [1097, 1315, 1623, 1682, 2170, 2647, 4126, 4161], 'Sanchez': [1099, 2172, 2649], 'Martinou': [1101, 1319, 1335, 1553, 1629, 1686, 1702, 2174, 2651, 4130, 4146, 4163], '276:': [1107, 2180, 2657], '11615-11623Abstract': [1108, 2181, 2658], '(591)': [1116, 2189, 2666], 'cytosol,': [1121], 'complex': [1126, 1163], 'cytosolic': [1129, 3621, 3677], 'Apaf-1': [1131], 'procaspase-9': [1133], '(15Li': [1134], 'Nijhawan': [1136], 'Budihardjo': [1138], 'Srinivasula': [1140], 'S.M.': [1141, 1889, 4381], 'Ahmad': [1142], 'Alnemri': [1144], 'E.S.': [1145], 'Wang': [1146], 'X.': [1147, 4158], 'Cell.': [1148], '91:': [1150], '479-489Abstract': [1151], '(6199)': [1159], 'Upon': [1162], 'formation,': [1164], 'caspase-9': [1165, 1175], 'proteolytically': [1167], 'modified,': [1168], 'leading': [1169, 1186], 'activation.': [1172], 'active': [1174], 'activates': [1176], 'executor': [1178], 'subsequently': [1181, 2290, 3539], 'cleave': [1182], 'substrates,': [1184], 'phosphate-buffered': [1193, 1219, 1669], 'saline': [1194, 1220, 1670, 3233], '4-morpholineethanesulfonic': [1195, 1221], 'acid': [1196, 1201, 1222, 1227, 3246], 'voltage-dependent': [1197, 1223], '3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonic': [1200, 1226], 'inhibitor-1': [1204, 1230, 2554], 'inhibitor-2': [1207, 1233, 2559], 'kidney': [1210, 1236, 2974], 'fluorescence-activated': [1211, 1237, 3011], 'sorter': [1213, 1239, 3013], 'murine': [1214, 1240, 2809, 3059], 'Recombinant': [1243, 1526], 'oligomeric': [1244, 1529, 1569, 1754, 3811, 3959, 4050, 4103], 'possesses': [1246], 'channel-forming': [1247, 1381, 3787, 3814, 3845], 'artificial': [1250], 'lipid': [1251, 1838, 3913, 4361], 'triggers': [1254], 'liposomes': [1259, 1714, 1804, 3793, 3802], 'purified': [1261, 1543, 1580, 1615, 1657, 1985], '(16Saito': [1263], 'Schlesinger': [1267], 'Nat.': [1269], '2:': [1273], '553-555Crossref': [1274], '(409)': [1277], '17Schlesinger': [1280], 'Gross': [1282], 'Yin': [1284], 'Yamamoto': [1286], 'Saito': [1288], 'Waksman': [1290], '11357-11362Crossref': [1303], '(442)': [1306], '18Antonsson': [1309], 'Conti': [1311, 1678, 4122], 'F.': [1312, 1332, 1679, 1699, 4123, 4143], 'Ciavatta': [1313, 1680, 4124], 'Lewis': [1317, 1684, 4128], 'Bernasconi': [1321, 1688, 4132], 'Bernard': [1323, 1690, 4134], 'Mermod': [1325, 1692, 4136], 'J.J.': [1326, 1693, 4137], 'Mazzei': [1327, 1586, 1694, 4138], 'Maundrell': [1329, 1696, 2783, 4140], 'Gambale': [1331, 1698, 4142], 'Sadoul': [1333, 1700, 4144], '370-372Crossref': [1340, 1707, 4151], '(925)': [1343, 1710, 4154], 'it': [1347, 1364], 'clear': [1349], 'central': [1354], 'regulation': [1358, 1521], 'pathway,': [1363], 'remains': [1365], 'unclear': [1366], 'how': [1367], 'executes': [1370], 'level': [1377], 'whether': [1379], 'required.': [1384], 'To': [1385, 3208, 3478, 4007, 4295], 'elucidate': [1386, 3731], 'Bax,': [1390, 3812], 'blockers': [1403], 'do': [1406, 2762], 'alter': [1408], 'homo-oligomerization.': [1410], 'Using': [1411], 'this': [1412, 2638], 'pharmacological': [1413], 'tool,': [1414], 'show': [1416], 'blocking': [1431], 'inhibits': [1435], 'vitro.': [1441], 'addition,': [1443, 2565], 'vitro': [1463], 'Bax-specific': [1465], 'because': [1466, 2637], 'prevent': [1472], 'Bax-deficient': [1475], 'whereas': [1477], 'they': [1478], 'Bak-deficient': [1481], 'wild-type': [1483, 2813], 'cells.': [1484, 3063, 3594], 'These': [1485], 'findings': [1486], 'strongly': [1487], 'these': [1494, 3779], 'inhibit': [1496, 4196], 'vivo': [1499], 'through': [1501, 1654, 2220, 3572, 3598], 'blockage': [1502, 3924], 'thus,': [1508], 'time,': [1512], 'demonstrate': [1513], 'involvement': [1514], 'Proteins—C-terminally': [1527], 'truncated': [1528, 3808], 'expressed': [1532, 1577, 1610, 3066, 3693], 'glutathione': [1535], 'S-transferase': [1536], 'fusion': [1537], 'Escherichia': [1540], 'coli': [1541, 1583, 1613], 'described': [1545, 1620, 1675, 1866, 2167, 2425, 2604, 2721, 2771, 2879, 3021, 3071, 3454, 3586], 'previously': [1546, 2772, 3022, 4099], '(19Lewis': [1547], 'Bethell': [1549], 'Antonsson': [1555, 1590, 1633, 4165, 4372], 'Protein': [1557, 1592], 'Expression': [1558, 1593], 'Purif.': [1559, 1594], '120-126Crossref': [1562], '(27)': [1565], 'Full-length': [1568], 'N-terminal': [1573, 1606], 'His': [1574, 1607], 'tag': [1575, 1608], '(20Montessuit': [1584], 'Magnenat': [1588], '15:': [1596], '202-206Crossref': [1597], '(39)': [1600], 'on': [1616, 1734, 1851, 2067, 2465, 3150, 3217, 3486, 3530, 4019, 4311, 4405], 'nickel-nitrilotriacetic': [1617], 'acid-agarose': [1618], '(21Kudla': [1621], 'Eskes': [1625], 'Berrier': [1627], 'Ghazi': [1631], '275:': [1639], '22713-22718Abstract': [1640], '(117)': [1648], 'tcBid': [1651, 2288, 2366, 2383, 3053, 3064], 'generated': [1653], 'cleavage': [1655, 4366], 'caspase-8.': [1660], 'Liposome': [1661, 3728], 'Channel': [1662, 3724, 3729], 'Assay—Liposomes': [1663], 'containing': [1664, 1951, 2710, 4363], '20': [1665, 1801, 2096, 3956], 'mm': [1666, 1953, 1957, 1964, 2202, 2205, 2208, 2212, 2247, 2250, 2253, 2256, 2259, 2263, 2475, 2478, 2481, 2676, 2679, 2682, 3543, 3546, 3549, 3552, 3555], '5,6-carboxyfluorescein': [1667, 3820], '(PBS)': [1671], 'were': [1672, 1715, 1781, 1829, 1840, 1930, 1946, 1976, 2029, 2047, 2109, 2130, 2161, 2196, 2231, 2238, 2280, 2302, 2340, 2367, 2445, 2460, 2509, 2526, 2537, 2567, 2580, 2594, 2601, 2613, 2635, 2672, 2699, 2729, 2817, 2828, 2861, 2913, 2977, 3003, 3008, 3135, 3163, 3198, 3234, 3265, 3271, 3287, 3303, 3441, 3462, 3498, 3515, 3526, 3533, 3568, 3580, 3601, 3624, 3647, 3668, 3803, 3859, 4028, 4091], 'prepared': [1673], '(18Antonsson': [1676, 4120], 'diluted': [1716, 2239], 'PBS': [1718, 1780, 1806], 'give': [1720], 'suitable': [1722], 'fluorescence': [1723, 1736, 1811, 1824, 3831], 'value.': [1724], 'assay': [1728, 3841, 3896], 'performed': [1730, 2030, 2905, 3164, 3701, 4303], '96-well': [1732, 1785], 'plates': [1733], 'plate': [1737, 1786], 'reader': [1738], '(FLIPR™,': [1739], 'Novel': [1740], 'Tech': [1741], 'Systems': [1742], 'Inc.).': [1743, 2744], 'For': [1744, 2967], 'assay,': [1746], '70': [1747, 2207, 3548], 'ml': [1748, 1752, 1762, 2273], 'PBS,': [1750, 1759], '15': [1751, 2064, 2308, 3236, 3505, 3951], '(1': [1756], 'μm)': [1757, 1775, 2414], '10': [1761, 2133, 2297, 2318, 3542, 3979], 'compound': [1764, 2268, 4027], 'eight': [1766], 'dilutions': [1767], '(final': [1768], 'concentrations': [1769], '22': [1771], 'nm': [1772, 3957, 4048], '3.8': [1774], '10%': [1777, 1914], 'Me2SO': [1778], 'mixed': [1782], 'incubated': [1788, 2281, 2303, 2362, 2404, 2447, 3804], 'room': [1790, 2286, 3148], 'temperature': [1791], '1': [1793, 1956, 2211, 2272, 2416, 2541, 3142, 3551], 'min.': [1794, 1822, 2127, 2319, 2707, 3207], 'end': [1797, 2429, 2453, 2588, 2850], 'incubation,': [1800, 2591, 2853], 'μl': [1802, 2496], 'added,': [1808], 'monitored': [1813, 2515, 2749], 'FLIPR™': [1816], 'every': [1817], '3': [1818, 1821, 2835], 's': [1819, 1828], 'values': [1825, 3667, 3858], '120': [1827], 'calculate': [1832], 'IC50': [1834, 3857], 'values.': [1835], 'Electrophysiological': [1836, 3888], 'Recordings—Planar': [1837], 'formed': [1841], 'monolayers': [1843], 'made': [1844, 1947], '1%': [1846], '(w/v)': [1847, 2485, 2686], 'lipids': [1848], 'hexane': [1850], '70–80-μm': [1852], 'diameter': [1853], 'orifices': [1854], '15-μm-thick': [1857], 'Teflon': [1858], 'partition': [1859], 'separated': [1861], 'chambers': [1864], '(22Montal': [1867], 'Mueller': [1869], '1972;': [1878], '69:': [1879], '3561-3566Crossref': [1880], '(1590)': [1883], '23Rostovtseva': [1886], 'T.K.': [1887, 4371], 'Bezrukov': [1888, 4380], 'Biophys.': [1890], '74:': [1893], '2365-2373Abstract': [1894], '(139)': [1902], 'lipid-forming': [1906], 'solutions': [1907, 1950], 'contained': [1908], '90%': [1909], 'asolectin': [1910], '(soybean': [1911], 'phospholipids)': [1912], 'cholesterol': [1915, 1939], '42%': [1917, 1919], 'asolectin,': [1918], 'diphytanoylphosphatidylcholine,': [1920, 1927], '8%': [1921, 1924], 'cardiolipin,': [1922], 'cholesterol.': [1925], 'Asolectin,': [1926], 'cardiolipin': [1929, 4364], 'purchased': [1931, 1941], 'Avanti': [1933], 'Polar': [1934], 'Lipids': [1935], '(Alabaster,': [1936], 'AL),': [1937], 'Sigma.': [1943], 'aqueous': [1949], '250': [1952], 'KCl': [1954], 'MgCl2': [1958], 'CaCl2': [1960], 'buffered': [1961], '5': [1963, 2255, 2262, 2283, 3206, 3517, 3554, 4042], 'HEPES': [1965], 'MES': [1967], 'pH': [1969, 2214, 2265, 2487, 2619, 2688, 3564, 4211], '7.0': [1970], '5.5,': [1972, 4238], 'correspondingly.': [1973], 'VDAC': [1974, 4252, 4269, 4307, 4313], 'channels': [1975, 4041, 4105, 4218], 'isolated': [1977, 2162, 2232, 2602, 2608], 'rat': [1979], 'liver': [1980], 'according': [1986, 2960], 'standard': [1989], 'method': [1990], '(24Parsons': [1991], 'D.F.': [1992], 'Williams': [1993], 'G.R.': [1994, 3103], 'Chance': [1995], 'Ann.': [1997], '1966;': [2002], '137:': [2003], '643-666Crossref': [2004], '(232)': [2007], '25Blachly-Dyson': [2010], 'Peng': [2012], 'Colombini': [2014, 4378], 'Forte': [2016], '1990;': [2019], '247:': [2020], '1233-1236Crossref': [2021], '(235)': [2024], 'Conductance': [2027], 'measurements': [2028], 'using': [2031, 2757, 2906, 2948, 2979, 3702, 3792], 'Axopatch': [2033], '200B': [2034], 'amplifier': [2035], '(Axon': [2036], 'Instruments,': [2037], 'Foster': [2038], 'City,': [2039], 'CA)': [2040], 'voltage': [2043], 'clamp': [2044], 'mode.': [2045], 'Data': [2046], 'filtered': [2048], 'pass': [2052], '8-pole': [2053], 'Butterworth': [2054], 'filter': [2055], '(Model': [2056], '9002,': [2057], 'Frequency': [2058], 'Devices,': [2059], 'Inc.,': [2060], 'Haverhill,': [2061], 'MA)': [2062], 'kHz,': [2065], 'recorded': [2066, 2131], 'chart': [2069], 'recorder,': [2070], 'saved': [2073], 'computer': [2076], 'memory': [2077], 'sampling': [2080], 'frequency': [2081], '50': [2083, 2495, 2505], 'kHz.': [2084], 'inhibitory': [2086, 3769, 3997, 4084, 4401], 'determined': [2092, 2358, 3077, 3860], 'follows.': [2094], 'After': [2095, 2690, 2988], 'min': [2097, 2284, 2309, 3952, 3980, 4043], 'continuous': [2099], 'recording': [2100], 'Bax-induced': [2102, 3971, 4040, 4068, 4179], 'activity,': [2104, 3741], '(50–60': [2107], 'nm)': [2108], 'added': [2110, 2270, 2291, 2437, 4029], 'trans-side': [2114], 'both': [2117, 3886, 4087, 4228], 'sides': [2118, 4033], 'under': [2122, 3165], 'constant': [2123], 'stirring': [2124], '2': [2126, 2449, 2550, 2831, 2916, 4005], 'currents': [2129], 'min,': [2134, 3237, 3506], 'followed': [2135, 3707], 'series': [2138], 'additions': [2140], 'inhibitor': [2143, 3216, 3485, 3559, 4014, 4221], 'until': [2144], 'significant': [2146], 'complete': [2149, 4073], 'inhibition': [2150, 3904, 3907, 4074, 4246], 'conductance': [2153, 3972, 3984, 4069, 4180, 4315], 'obtained.': [2155], 'Mitochondrial': [2156], 'Cytochrome': [2157, 3435], 'Release': [2159, 3437], 'Assay—Mitochondria': [2160], 'HeLa': [2164, 3593], '(14Antonsson': [2168, 2645], 'summary,': [2193], 'suspended': [2197, 3540], 'buffer': [2199, 2244], 'A': [2200], '(10': [2201, 2246, 2413, 2846], 'HEPES-NaOH,': [2203, 2248, 2476, 2677, 3544], '210': [2204, 3545], 'mannitol,': [2206, 3547], 'sucrose,': [2209, 3550], 'EDTA,': [2213, 3553], '7.4)': [2215], 'disrupted': [2217, 3569], 'passage': [2219, 3571], '25': [2222, 2226, 2474, 2675], 'G1': [2223], '0.5': [2224, 2258], '×': [2225, 2315, 2703], 'needle,': [2227, 3576], 'differential': [2234, 3583], 'centrifugation.': [2235], '0.4': [2241, 2401], 'mg/ml': [2242, 2402], 'B': [2245, 3853], '125': [2249], 'KCl,': [2251], '4': [2252, 2695], 'MgCl2,': [2254], 'NaH2PO4,': [2257], 'EGTA,': [2260, 3556], 'succinate,': [2264], '7.5).': [2266], 'suspension,': [2276], 'samples': [2279, 2301, 2444, 2459, 2698], 'temperature.': [2287], 'final': [2294], 'concentration': [2295, 2399], 'nm,': [2298], '30': [2305, 2706, 3223, 4047], '°C': [2306], 'centrifuged': [2311, 2700], 'twice': [2312], '12,000': [2314], 'g': [2316, 2704, 3134], 'supernatant': [2321, 2709, 3605, 3616], 'removed': [2323, 2641, 3581], 'analyzed': [2325, 2461, 2716, 2730, 2862, 2935, 3613, 3625], 'Western': [2327, 2732, 3627, 3645], 'blotting': [2328, 2733, 3628], 'house-raised': [2332], 'rabbit': [2333], 'anti-cytochrome': [2334, 3630], 'polyclonal': [2336], 'antibody.': [2337, 3632], 'blots': [2339, 3646], 'developed': [2341], 'ECL': [2344], 'detection': [2345], 'kit': [2346], '(Amersham': [2347, 2493], 'Biosciences),': [2348], 'intensity': [2351, 3654], 'bands': [2356], 'densitometry.': [2360], 'Mitochondria': [2361], 'without': [2363, 2839, 2924], 'taken': [2368], 'blank': [2371], 'value,': [2372], '100%': [2374], 'corresponds': [2378], 'treated': [2381, 2539, 2569, 2630, 2754, 2829, 2914, 3499, 3611], 'absence': [2386, 2409, 2548, 2575, 2995], 'inhibitor.': [2388], 'Quaternary': [2389, 2519], 'Structure': [2390, 2520], 'Purified': [2392], 'Bax—Purified': [2393], 'recombinant': [2394], 'presence': [2407, 2546, 2993, 4323], 'h': [2417, 2836, 2921, 2990, 3080, 3242, 3472, 3511], '37°C.': [2419], 'Alternatively,': [2420, 2745, 2943, 3046], 'preincubated': [2423], 'above;': [2426], 'incubation': [2432, 2456, 2693], '2%': [2433, 2484, 2685, 3187], 'octyl': [2434], 'glucoside': [2435], 'induce': [2439], 'oligomerization;': [2441], 'h.': [2450, 2563], 'periods,': [2457], 'gel': [2463, 2718], 'filtration': [2464, 2719], 'Superdex': [2467], '200': [2468], 'column': [2469, 2728], '(PC': [2470], '3.2/30)': [2471], 'equilibrated': [2472], '300': [2477, 2678], 'NaCl,': [2479, 2680], '0.2': [2480, 2681, 4078], 'dithiothreitol,': [2482, 2683], 'CHAPS,': [2486, 2687], '7.5,': [2488], 'SMART': [2491], 'Biosciences).': [2494], 'sample': [2499], 'loaded': [2501], 'eluted': [2503, 2725], 'μl/min;': [2506], '50-μl': [2507], 'fractions': [2508, 2724, 3617], 'collected;': [2510], 'eluate': [2513], '280': [2517], 'nm.': [2518], 'Cells—HeLa': [2524], 'seeded': [2527, 2818], 'grown': [2529], 'confluence': [2531], '15-cm': [2533], 'plates.': [2534], 'then': [2538], 'μm': [2542, 2551, 2832, 2917, 3964, 3992, 4058, 4079, 4096, 4193, 4326, 4333], 'staurosporine': [2543, 2756, 2833, 2918], '(Bci1)': [2555], '(Bci2)': [2560], '16': [2562, 2989], 'also': [2568], 'staurosporine.': [2577], 'Untreated': [2578, 2626], 'negative': [2584], 'control.': [2585], 'collected': [2595], 'washed,': [2597], 'above.': [2605, 2722, 3455], 'staurosporine-treated': [2611], 'washed': [2614, 2670], '0.1': [2616], 'm': [2617], 'Na2CO3,': [2618], '12,': [2620], 'remove': [2622], 'non-membrane': [2623], 'integrated': [2624], 'proteins.': [2625], 'alone': [2634], 'would': [2639], 'non-activated': [2642, 2766], 'completely': [2644, 3883, 3986], 'solubilized': [2673, 2712, 3231], '7.5.': [2689], '1-h': [2692], '°C,': [2696], '100,000': [2702], 'anti-Bax': [2735, 2758], 'antibodies': [2736, 2760], '(anti-Bax': [2737], 'NT,': [2738], 'catalog': [2739], 'no.': [2740], '06-499,': [2741], 'Upstate': [2742], 'Biotechnology,': [2743], 'immunofluorescence': [2751], 'NT': [2759], '(which': [2761], 'react': [2764], 'Bax)': [2767], 'following': [2768, 2984], 'protocol': [2770], '(26Hetz': [2773], 'Russelakis-Carneiro': [2775], 'Walchli': [2777], 'Carboni': [2779], 'Vial-Knecht': [2781], 'Castilla': [2785], 'Soto': [2787], 'Neurosci.': [2790, 3400], '25:': [2792], '2793-2802Crossref': [2793], '(179)': [2796], 'Induction': [2799], 'Lines—HeLa': [2804], 'SV40': [2807], 'immortalized': [2808], 'fibroblasts': [2811], 'knockout': [2815], '6-well': [2820], 'plates;': [2821], 'after': [2823, 2869, 3016, 3078, 3084, 3243, 3258, 3473, 3512, 3519, 3953, 3988, 4044, 4075, 4365], '24': [2824, 3079, 3238, 3507], 'h,': [2825, 3239, 3508], '30-min': [2841], 'pretreatment': [2842, 2925], 'μm).': [2847], 'potential': [2857], 'volume': [2860], 'flow': [2864], 'cytometry': [2865], '(FACSCalibur,': [2866], 'BD': [2867], 'Biosciences)': [2868], 'staining': [2870, 2937, 3019, 3087], '3,3′-dihexyloxacarbocyanine': [2874], 'iodide': [2875, 3018, 3086], '(Molecular': [2876, 2941], 'Probes)': [2877], '(27Hetz': [2880, 3023], 'Bono': [2882, 3025], 'M.R.': [2883, 3026], 'Barros': [2884, 3027], 'L.F.': [2885, 3028], 'Lagos': [2886, 3029], '99:': [2896, 3039], '2696-2701Crossref': [2897, 3040], '(124)': [2900, 3043], 'Analysis': [2903], 'CellQuest': [2908], 'program.': [2909], 'parallel,': [2911], '6': [2920], '(2': [2929, 2999], 'μm),': [2930, 3000], 'nuclear': [2932, 3314], 'morphology': [2933], 'Hoechst': [2939], '33342': [2940], 'Probes).': [2942], 'viability': [2945, 3075], 'quantified': [2947, 3009], '3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium': [2949], 'phenazine': [2951], 'methosulfate': [2952], '(CellTiter': [2953], '96®': [2954], 'AQueous,': [2955], 'Promega': [2956], 'Corp.,': [2957], 'Madison,': [2958], 'WI)': [2959], 'recommendations': [2963], 'supplier.': [2966], 'overexpression,': [2971], '(HEK)': [2975], 'transfected': [2978], 'SuperFect': [2980], 'reagent': [2981], '(Qiagen': [2982], 'Inc.)': [2983], "manufacturer's": [2986], 'instructions.': [2987], 'collected,': [3004], 'hypodiploid': [3006], '(FACS)': [3014], 'analysis': [3015, 3083, 3699, 3704], 'propidium': [3017, 3085], 'induced': [3049, 3170, 3816], 'overexpression': [3051], 'wild-type,': [3055], 'Bax–/–,': [3056], 'Bak–/–': [3058], 'fibroblast': [3061], '(MEF)': [3062], 'retroviral': [3068], 'delivery': [3069], 'previously,': [3072], 'FACS': [3082], '(28Wei': [3088], 'Zong': [3090], 'W.X.': [3091], 'Cheng': [3092], 'E.H.': [3093], 'Lindsten': [3094], 'T.': [3095, 4160], 'Panoutsakopoulou': [3096], 'V.': [3097], 'Ross': [3098], 'A.J.': [3099], 'MacGregor': [3102], 'Thompson': [3104], 'C.B.': [3105], '292:': [3110], '727-730Crossref': [3111], '(3332)': [3114], 'Global': [3117, 3432], 'Brain': [3118, 3433], 'Ischemia': [3119], 'Gerbils—Adult': [3121], 'male': [3122], 'Mongolian': [3123], 'gerbils': [3124, 3264, 3458], '(Elevage': [3125], 'Janvier,': [3126], 'Genest': [3128], 'St.': [3129], 'Isle,': [3130], 'France)': [3131], 'weighing': [3132], '60–80': [3133], 'kept': [3136, 3529], 'temperature-controlled': [3139], '(23': [3140], '±': [3141, 3696, 3864, 3868], '°C)': [3143, 3276], 'light/dark': [3145], 'cycle-controlled': [3146], '(lights': [3149], '7': [3152, 3157, 3256], 'a.m.': [3153], 'off': [3155], 'p.m.).': [3158], 'All': [3159, 3664], 'experiments': [3160, 3936, 4226, 4305], '(eight': [3161], 'animals/group)': [3162], 'spontaneous': [3166], 'respiration.': [3167], 'Anesthesia': [3168], '4%': [3172], 'isoflurane': [3173, 3188], 'gas': [3176, 3192], 'mixture': [3177, 3560], 'medical': [3179], 'air': [3180], 'administered': [3181], 'via': [3182], 'facemask': [3183], 'maintained': [3185], 'same': [3191], 'mixture.': [3193], 'Bilateral': [3194], 'common': [3195, 3450], 'carotid': [3196, 3451], 'arteries': [3197, 3452], 'dissected': [3199], 'occluded': [3201], 'bulldog': [3203], 'clamps': [3204], 'examine': [3209], 'ischemia,': [3219], 'Bci1': [3220, 3501, 3781, 3836, 3965, 3993, 4088, 4189, 4327, 4404], '(3': [3221], 'mg/kg': [3224, 3229, 3248, 3503], 'intraperitoneally)': [3225, 3230, 3249, 3504], 'Bci2': [3227, 3783, 3838, 4000, 4059, 4080, 4090, 4334], '(30': [3228, 3502], 'injected': [3235], '48': [3241, 3510], 'reperfusion.': [3244, 3513], 'Orotic': [3245], '(300': [3247], 'reference': [3254], 'compound.': [3255], 'days': [3257, 3518], 'onset': [3260, 3475, 3521], 'occlusion,': [3262], 'killed': [3266, 3463, 3516], 'decapitation.': [3268], 'brains': [3270], 'frozen': [3272], 'isopentane': [3274], '(–20': [3275], 'cut': [3278, 3534], '20-μm-thick': [3280], 'sections': [3281, 3286], 'microtome.': [3284], 'stained': [3288], 'cresyl': [3290], 'violet,': [3291], 'infarcts': [3293], 'right': [3296, 3393], 'left': [3298, 3391], 'parts': [3299], 'hippocampus': [3302], 'scored': [3304], '4-point': [3307], 'scale.': [3308], 'Pyramidal': [3309], 'atrophy,': [3312], 'shrinkage,': [3313], 'pyknosis,': [3315], 'dark': [3316], 'cytoplasmic': [3317], 'coloration,': [3318], 'vacuolation': [3320], 'disappearance': [3323], 'radial': [3326], 'striated': [3327], 'zone': [3328], 'degeneration:': [3331], '0,': [3332], 'no': [3333, 4412], 'loss': [3334, 3348, 3356, 3366], 'CA1': [3336, 3342, 3350, 3358, 3368], 'neurons;': [3337], '1,': [3338, 3852, 3873], 'weak': [3339], 'damage': [3340], '(CA1/subiculum': [3343], 'CA1/CA3': [3345], 'border);': [3346], '2,': [3347, 3464], '(less': [3352], 'than': [3353, 3361, 4018, 4184], 'half);': [3354, 3362], '3,': [3355], '(more': [3360, 4183], '4,': [3364, 3465], 'total': [3365, 3381], 'expansion': [3371], 'other': [3373, 4017], 'areas': [3374], '(CA3,': [3375], 'dentate': [3376], 'gyrus,': [3377], 'cortex).': [3379], 'score': [3382], 'sum': [3385], 'scores': [3388], 'hemispheres': [3394], '(29Gerhardt': [3395], 'S.C.': [3396], 'Boast': [3397], 'C.A.': [3398], 'Behav.': [3399], '1988;': [3401], '301-303Crossref': [3403], '(95)': [3406], '30Gronborg': [3409], 'Johansen': [3411], 'T.E.': [3412], 'Peters': [3413], 'Ahring': [3415], 'P.K.': [3416], 'Drejer': [3417], 'Moller': [3419], 'Jensen': [3421], 'L.H.': [3422], 'Pharmacol.': [3424], 'Exp.': [3425], 'Ther.': [3426], '290:': [3428], '348-353PubMed': [3429], 'Ischemia-induced': [3434], 'Gerbil': [3439], 'Hippocampus—Gerbils': [3440], 'submitted': [3442], '5-min': [3445], 'bilateral': [3446], 'occlusion': [3447], '(n': [3459, 4328, 4335], '=': [3460, 4233, 4240, 4329, 4336], '2–6)': [3461], '24,': [3466], '48,': [3467], '96,': [3468], '120,': [3469], '168': [3471], 'evaluate': [3479], 'effects': [3481, 4085], 'ischemia-induced': [3489], 'gerbil': [3494], 'hippocampus,': [3495], 'They': [3514, 3532], 'hippocampi': [3525], 'excised': [3527], 'ice.': [3531], 'small': [3536], 'pieces': [3537], 'protease': [3558], '(Roche': [3561], 'Applied': [3562], 'Science),': [3563], '7.4.': [3565], '25-gauge': [3574], '1-inch': [3575], 'centrifugation': [3584], 'above': [3587], 'isolation': [3589], 'Three': [3595], 'breaking': [3596], 'cycles': [3597], 'needle': [3600], 'performed,': [3602], 'fraction': [3606, 3623, 3678], 'each': [3608], 'one': [3609, 4254], 'separately.': [3614], 'corresponding': [3618, 3658], 'Most': [3633], 'detected': [3637, 4248], 'second': [3642], 'fractions.': [3643], 'scanned': [3648], 'densitometer,': [3651], 'band': [3657], 'determined.': [3663], 'normalized': [3669], 'content': [3674], 'non-ischemic': [3680], 'animals,': [3681], 'corresponded': [3683], 'value': [3686], '1.': [3688], 'Statistical': [3689, 3698], 'Analysis—All': [3690], 'data': [3691], 'means': [3695], 'S.E.': [3697], 'one-way': [3703], 'variance,': [3706], "Dunnett's": [3709], 't': [3710], 'test.': [3711], 'Significance': [3712], 'considered': [3714], 'p': [3716], '<': [3717], '0.05': [3718], 'versus': [3719], 'group.': [3722], 'Inhibitors': [3725], 'Assay—To': [3730], 'exerts': [3738], 'large': [3743, 4182], 'collection': [3744], 'screened': [3751], 'inhibitors.': [3755], 'results': [3757], 'enabled': [3758], 'us': [3759], 'identify': [3761], 'synthesize': [3763], 'possessing': [3765], 'specific': [3766], 'describe': [3773], 'inhibitors,': [3780, 4301], '(Fig.': [3784, 3851, 3872, 3981, 3994, 4070, 4081], '1A).': [3785], 'studied': [3791], 'charged': [3794], 'fluorescent': [3797], 'dye': [3798], '5,6-carboxyfluorescein.': [3799], 'C-terminally': [3807], 'full-length': [3810, 3958, 4049, 4102], 'liposomes,': [3823], 'measured': [3826], 'increase': [3829], 'over': [3832, 3978], 'time.': [3833], 'Addition': [3834, 3961, 4055], 'solution': [3842], 'concentration-dependent': [3849], 'manner': [3850], 'D).': [3855], '0.81': [3863], '0.22': [3865], '0.89': [3867], '0.29': [3869], 'μm,': [3870, 3879], 'respectively': [3871], 'C': [3874], 'E).': [3876], '2.4': [3878], 'cases.': [3887], 'Characterization': [3889], 'Inhibitors—Because': [3893], 'liposome': [3895], 'cannot': [3897], 'distinguish': [3898], 'between': [3899, 4012, 4216], 'possible': [3901, 4010], 'mechanisms': [3902], 'prevention': [3916], 'assembly,': [3920], 'genuine': [3923], 'channels,': [3928, 4022], 'characterized': [3930], 'electrophysiologically.': [3933], 'Two': [3934], 'typical': [3935], 'illustrated': [3938, 4002], 'Fig.': [3940, 3942, 4004, 4037], '2.': [3941], '2A': [3943], 'shows': [3944, 4039], 'example': [3946], '0.15': [3963, 4057], 'caused': [3966, 4063], 'gradual': [3968, 4065], '∼9': [3974], '0.7': [3976], 'nanosiemens': [3977, 4119], '2B).': [3982], '0.20': [3991], '2C).': [3995], '(D–F).': [4006], 'avoid': [4008], 'any': [4009], 'interaction': [4011, 4215], 'Bax-formed': [4021], 'opposite': [4032], 'membrane.': [4036, 4263], '2D': [4038], 'cis-compartment.': [4054], 'trans-compartment': [4062], '2E),': [4071], '2F).': [4082], 'seen': [4092], '0.10–0.22': [4095], 'range.': [4097], 'We': [4098, 4351, 4398], 'demonstrated': [4100], 'wide': [4108], 'distribution': [4109], 'conductances,': [4111], 'ranging': [4112], '100': [4114], 'picosiemens': [4115], 'tens': [4117], '31Roucou': [4157], 'Rostovtseva': [4159], '368:': [4170], '915-921Crossref': [4171], '(170)': [4174], '∼20': [4185], 'nanosiemens),': [4186], 'up': [4190], '2.6': [4192], 'channels.': [4198, 4308], 'enhanced': [4203], 'acidic': [4205, 4210, 4236], 'pH.': [4206, 4242], 'possibility': [4208], 'might': [4212], 'influence': [4213], 'tested': [4223, 4399], 'performing': [4225], 'neutral': [4229], '(pH': [4230, 4237], '7.0,': [4231], 'n': [4232, 4239], '4)': [4234], '9)': [4241], 'No': [4243, 4309], 'difference': [4244], '(data': [4249, 4338], 'shown).': [4251, 4340], 'major': [4257], 'It': [4264], 'suggested': [4267], 'could': [4270], 'play': [4271], 'during': [4278], '(32Shimizu': [4280], 'Narita': [4282], 'Tsujimoto': [4284], 'Nature.': [4286], '399:': [4288], '483-487Crossref': [4289], '(1910)': [4292], 'test': [4296], 'specificity': [4298], 'gating': [4317], 'properties': [4318], 'observed': [4320], '0.20–0.75': [4325], '5)': [4330], '0.1–2.0': [4332], '2)': [4337], 'another': [4343], 'member': [4345], 'found': [4353], 'stable': [4357], 'pores': [4358], 'planar': [4360], 'caspase-8': [4368], '(tcBid)': [4369], '(33Rostovtseva': [4370], 'Suzuki': [4374], '2004;': [4385], '279:': [4386], '13575-13583Abstract': [4387], '(164)': [4395], 'tcBid-induced': [4406], 'conductance.': [4407], 'Here': [4408], 'again,': [4409], 'there': [4410]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2167574366', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 10}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-12T18:55:25.813332', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}
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