New Concepts in the Pathophysiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Name: Work Video:
Duration: 3 min 30 s
Giorgos Bamias; Mark R. Nyce; Sarah A. De La Rue; Fabio Cominelli
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2602, 2679, 2726, 2869, 2879, 3019, 3088, 3136, 3329, 3434, 3530, 3573, 3616, 3625, 3645], '50%': [128], '80%': [130], 'with': [133, 141, 157, 555, 586, 798, 1095, 1308, 1415, 1782, 1959, 2025, 2064, 2269, 2310, 2346, 2390, 2466, 2586, 2641, 2667, 2671, 2712, 2739, 2882, 2939, 3031, 3183, 3217, 3222, 3383, 3463, 3484], 'disease,': [135], 'while': [136], 'only': [137], '20%': [138], 'colitis': [143, 915, 1015, 1306, 2795, 3013, 3116, 3272, 3509, 3666], 'have': [144, 148, 3022], 'surgery.Novel': [145], 'biological': [146, 1416, 3549], 'therapeutics': [147], 'greatly': [149], 'improved': [150], 'quality': [152], 'life': [154], 'IBD.Pathophysiologic': [158], 'PrinciplesBoth': [159], 'genetic': [160, 202, 3006], 'environmental': [162, 1839], 'factors': [163], 'play': [164], 'important': [165], 'roles': [166, 299, 1552, 2287], 'pathogenesis.New': [169], 'hypotheses': [170], 'implicate': [171], 'innate': [173, 390, 695, 2688, 3098], 'immune': [174, 696, 2892, 3004, 3442, 3664], 'system': [175, 381, 2765], '...References1.': [177], 'Cominelli': [178, 271, 2129, 2141], 'F.': [179, 272, 1772, 2140], 'Cytokine-based': [180], 'therapies': [181], "Crohn's": [183, 279, 491, 558, 589, 619, 675, 904, 1100, 1142, 1144, 1185, 1187, 1609, 1755, 1785, 1817, 1960, 1994, 2021, 2069, 2222, 2245, 2270, 2347, 2360, 2627, 2695, 2907, 2924, 2963, 3012, 3223, 3378, 3485, 3534, 3574, 3617], 'disease—new': [184], 'paradigms.': [185], 'N': [186, 235, 1192], 'Engl': [187, 236, 1193], 'J': [188, 237, 310, 364, 404, 437, 527, 751, 811, 869, 923, 971, 1003, 1194, 1316, 1346, 1383, 1497, 1557, 1611, 1724, 1820, 1877, 1930, 2035], 'Med.': [189, 238, 283, 1195], '2004;351:2045-8.': [190], '[PMID:': [191, 212, 226, 240, 261, 285, 313, 345, 367, 407, 423, 441, 467, 498, 531, 562, 593, 628, 665, 684, 702, 722, 754, 776, 814, 851, 872, 926, 943, 974, 1006, 1021, 1038, 1068, 1113, 1152, 1197, 1230, 1252, 1285, 1319, 1350, 1387, 1427, 1464, 1500, 1537, 1560, 1580, 1615, 1650, 1684, 1727, 1759, 1789, 1823, 1844, 1881, 1903, 1934, 1964, 1998, 2038, 2078], '15537904]': [192], 'CrossrefMedlineGoogle': [193, 214, 228, 242, 263, 287, 315, 347, 369, 409, 425, 443, 469, 500, 533, 564, 595, 630, 667, 686, 704, 724, 778, 816, 853, 874, 945, 976, 1008, 1023, 1040, 1070, 1115, 1154, 1199, 1254, 1321, 1352, 1389, 1429, 1466, 1502, 1539, 1562, 1582, 1617, 1652, 1686, 1729, 1761, 1791, 1825, 1846, 1883, 1905, 1936, 1966, 2000, 2040, 2080], 'Scholar2.': [194], 'Bouma': [195], 'G,': [196, 270, 1083, 1124, 1469, 1622, 1655, 1693], 'Strober': [197, 244, 295, 317], 'W.': [198, 296], 'The': [199, 250, 297, 415, 646, 690, 1102, 1858, 2093, 2131, 2480, 3608], 'immunological': [200], 'basis': [203], 'disease.': [207, 234, 280, 420, 436, 462, 559, 590, 662, 848, 903, 1101, 1143, 1186, 1496, 1610, 1756, 1786, 1818, 1929, 1961, 1995], 'Nat': [208, 940, 1034], 'Rev': [209, 258, 1035, 1225, 1280], 'Immunol.': [210, 259, 311, 405, 752, 812, 924, 941, 972, 1004, 1019, 1036, 1066, 1498, 1535, 1558, 1725], '2003;3:521-33.': [211], '12876555]': [213], 'Scholar3.': [215], 'Fiocchi': [216, 1831], 'C.': [217, 1832], 'disease:': [220, 399, 676, 738, 1835, 1864, 2070, 2210, 2846, 3036, 3316, 3543, 3607], 'etiology': [221], 'pathogenesis.': [223], 'Gastroenterology.': [224, 421, 663, 1111, 1150, 1648, 1682, 1757, 1787, 1901, 1962, 1996], '1998;115:182-205.': [225], '9649475]': [227], 'Scholar4.': [229], 'Podolsky': [230], 'DK.': [231], '2002;347:417-29.': [239], '12167685]': [241], 'Scholar5.': [243], 'W,': [245, 318, 787], 'Fuss': [246, 289, 321, 876], 'IJ,': [247, 290, 877], 'Blumberg': [248], 'RS.': [249], 'immunology': [251], 'mucosal': [253, 340, 391, 717, 1532, 2460], 'models': [254, 274, 2453, 3010], 'inflammation.': [256, 341, 718, 1533, 1556, 1681], 'Annu': [257], '2002;20:495-549.': [260], '11861611]': [262], 'Scholar6.': [264], 'Pizarro': [265, 373, 1627], 'TT,': [266, 1628], 'Arseneau': [267], 'KO,': [268], 'Bamias': [269, 1468, 1621, 1654, 1692], 'Mouse': [273], 'study': [277, 1173, 3120], 'Trends': [281, 1065], 'Mol': [282], '2003;9:218-22.': [284], '12763527]': [286], 'Scholar7.': [288], 'Boirivant': [291, 880], 'M,': [292, 452, 538, 879, 881, 954, 979, 989, 1294, 1359, 1473, 1477, 1542, 1626, 1659, 1665, 1697, 1770, 1830], 'Lacy': [293], 'B,': [294, 320, 326, 1205, 1324, 1392, 1396, 1402, 1947], 'interrelated': [298], 'TGF-beta': [301, 334], 'IL-10': [303, 1146, 2203], 'regulation': [306, 715, 2893, 3082], 'experimental': [308, 1014, 1343, 2597, 2959, 3506], 'colitis.': [309, 750, 1002, 1223, 1247], '2002;168:900-8.': [312], '11777988]': [314], 'Scholar8.': [316], 'Kelsall': [319], 'I,': [322], 'Marth': [323], 'T,': [324, 446, 1168, 1292, 1691], 'Ludviksson': [325], 'Ehrhardt': [327], 'R,': [328, 577, 981, 1043, 1263, 1265, 1394, 1438, 1914], 'et': [329, 483, 547, 578, 609, 644, 890, 990, 1084, 1129, 1169, 1214, 1366, 1403, 1443, 1480, 1516, 1596, 1631, 1666, 1700, 1743, 1919, 1950, 1980, 2014, 2054, 3561, 3585], 'al.': [330, 484, 548, 579, 610, 645, 891, 991, 1085, 1130, 1170, 1215, 1367, 1404, 1444, 1481, 1517, 1597, 1632, 1667, 1701, 1744, 1920, 1951, 1981, 2015, 2055], 'Reciprocal': [331], 'IFN-gamma': [332], 'responses': [335, 1599, 1985, 3007, 3443], 'regulate': [336], 'occurrence': [338], 'Immunol': [342, 719, 1577], 'Today.': [343], '1997;18:61-4.': [344], '9057354]': [346], 'Scholar9.': [348], 'Abreu': [349], 'MT,': [350, 1800], 'Arditi': [351], 'M.': [352, 672, 1241, 1267], 'Innate': [353], 'immunity': [354, 392, 2461], 'toll-like': [356], 'receptors:': [357], 'clinical': [358, 2066, 2401, 2599, 2850, 3475], 'implications': [359], 'basic': [361], 'science': [362], 'research.': [363], 'Pediatr.': [365], '2004;144:421-9.': [366], '15069387]': [368], 'Scholar10.': [370], 'Reuter': [371], 'BK,': [372, 2011], 'TT.': [374], 'Commentary:': [375], 'role': [377, 1519, 1837, 2428], 'IL-18': [380], 'other': [383, 1062], 'members': [384], 'IL-1R/TLR': [387], 'superfamily': [388], 'pathogenesis': [395, 1868, 2674], 'friend': [400], 'or': [401, 678], 'foe?': [402], 'Eur': [403, 1224, 1279], '2004;34:2347-55.': [406], '15307167]': [408], 'Scholar11.': [410], 'Bonen': [411, 568], 'DK,': [412, 569], 'Cho': [413], 'JH.': [414], 'genetics': [416, 432, 458], '2003;124:521-36.': [422], '12557156]': [424], 'Scholar12.': [426], 'Duerr': [427], 'RH.': [428], 'Update': [429, 2330], 'on': [430, 493, 2331, 2519, 2707, 2753, 3045, 3499, 3620], 'Clin': [438, 1017, 1347, 1384, 1534, 1612, 1931], 'Gastroenterol.': [439, 700, 870, 1317, 1821, 2036], '2003;37:358-67.': [440], '14564181]': [442], 'Scholar13.': [444], 'Ahmad': [445], 'Satsangi': [447], 'J,': [448, 546, 598, 641, 1361, 1436, 1442, 1591, 1620, 1663, 1689, 1764, 1941], 'McGovern': [449], 'D,': [450, 1211, 1363, 1738], 'Bunce': [451], 'Jewell': [453], 'DP.': [454], 'Review': [455, 2328], 'article:': [456], 'Aliment': [463], 'Pharmacol': [464, 1227, 1282], 'Ther.': [465], '2001;15:731-48.': [466], '11380312]': [468], 'Scholar14.': [470], 'Hugot': [471, 535], 'JP,': [472, 536, 544], 'Laurent-Puig': [473], 'P,': [474, 1079, 1209, 1515, 1732], 'Gower-Rousseau': [475], 'C,': [476, 887, 1237, 1259, 1355, 1471, 1657, 1949], 'Olson': [477, 1690], 'JM,': [478], 'Lee': [479], 'JC,': [480, 729, 1398, 1434], 'Beaugerie': [481], 'L,': [482, 670, 823, 1048, 1164, 1736], 'Mapping': [485], 'a': [487, 516, 770, 832, 861, 937, 996, 1276, 1412, 1446, 1489, 1604, 1642, 1674, 1924, 1954, 2071, 2576, 2616, 2647, 2665, 2751, 2833, 2888, 3118, 3166, 3175], 'susceptibility': [488, 556, 587, 2206], 'locus': [489], 'chromosome': [494, 524], '16.': [495, 525], 'Nature.': [496, 560, 591], '1996;379:821-3.': [497], '8587604]': [499], 'Scholar15.': [501], 'Cavanaugh': [502], 'J.': [503], 'International': [504, 3497], 'collaboration': [505], 'provides': [506], 'convincing': [507], 'linkage': [508], 'replication': [509], 'complex': [511], 'through': [513, 3094, 3417], 'analysis': [514], 'large': [517], 'pooled': [518], 'data': [519], 'set:': [520], 'Am': [526, 1315, 1819, 2034], 'Hum': [528], 'Genet.': [529], '2001;68:1165-71.': [530], '11309682]': [532], 'Scholar16.': [534], 'Chamaillard': [537], 'Zouali': [539], 'H,': [540, 1440, 1945], 'Lesage': [541], 'S,': [542, 606, 608, 709, 821, 985, 1081, 1118, 1128, 1357, 1432, 1475, 1507, 1595, 1794, 1828], 'Cézard': [543], 'Belaiche': [545], 'Association': [549, 611, 1982], 'NOD2': [551, 584, 616, 649, 673, 3371], 'leucine-rich': [552], 'repeat': [553], 'variants': [554], '2001;411:599-603.': [561], '11385576]': [563], 'Scholar17.': [565], 'Ogura': [566], 'Y,': [567, 707, 1290, 1400, 1910], 'Inohara': [570], 'N,': [571, 785, 983, 1768], 'Nicolae': [572], 'DL,': [573], 'Chen': [574], 'FF,': [575], 'Ramos': [576], 'A': [580, 732, 1171, 1773, 2211, 2377, 2714, 2920, 2967, 3327], 'frameshift': [581], 'mutation': [582, 614], 'associated': [585, 1958, 2024, 2063, 2296, 3216], '2001;411:603-6.': [592], '11385577]': [594], 'Scholar18.': [596], 'Hampe': [597, 640], 'Cuthbert': [599, 632], 'A,': [600, 789, 950, 1028, 1075, 1202, 1207, 1257, 1261, 1544, 1589, 1624, 1695, 1798, 1943], 'Croucher': [601, 642], 'PJ,': [602, 643], 'Mirza': [603, 636], 'MM,': [604, 637, 1585], 'Mascheretti': [605], 'Fisher': [607, 634], 'insertion': [613], 'gene': [617, 650, 2827, 3294], 'German': [622], 'British': [624], 'populations.': [625], 'Lancet.': [626], '2001;357:1925-8.': [627], '11425413]': [629], 'Scholar19.': [631], 'AP,': [633, 1235], 'SA,': [635, 889], 'King': [638], 'K,': [639, 952, 1740, 1766, 2051], 'contribution': [647], 'mutations': [651], 'risk': [654], 'site': [656, 834], '2002;122:867-74.': [664], '11910337]': [666], 'Scholar20.': [668], 'Eckmann': [669], 'Karin': [671], 'loss': [677], 'gain': [679], 'function?': [681], 'Immunity.': [682, 1425, 1462], '2005;22:661-7.': [683], '15963781]': [685], 'Scholar21.': [687], 'Bevins': [688], 'CL.': [689], 'Paneth': [691], 'cell': [692, 714, 998, 1336, 1717, 2877, 3027, 3085, 3426], 'response.': [697], 'Curr': [698], 'Opin': [699], '2004;20:572-80.': [701], '15703685]': [703], 'Scholar22.': [705], 'Yu': [706], 'Sitaraman': [708], 'Gewirtz': [710], 'AT.': [711], 'Intestinal': [712, 857, 2264, 2470, 2513, 3191], 'epithelial': [713, 801, 829, 858, 3050, 3084, 3097, 3425], 'Res.': [720], '2004;29:55-68.': [721], '15181270]': [723], 'Scholar23.': [725], 'Panwala': [726], 'CM,': [727, 1855], 'Jones': [728], 'Viney': [730], 'JL.': [731, 956], 'novel': [733, 1490, 1605, 1955], 'model': [734, 1000, 1607, 1644, 1676, 2502, 2922], 'mice': [739, 768, 2591, 3275], 'deficient': [740], 'multiple': [743], 'drug': [744], 'resistance': [745], 'gene,': [746, 2820], 'mdr1a,': [747], 'spontaneously': [748], 'develop': [749], '1998;161:5733-44.': [753], '9820555]': [755], 'MedlineGoogle': [756, 928, 1232, 1287], 'Scholar24.': [757], 'Hermiston': [758], 'ML,': [759], 'Gordon': [760], 'JI.': [761], 'adenomas': [766], 'expressing': [769], 'dominant': [771, 1925], 'negative': [772], 'N-cadherin.': [773], 'Science.': [774], '1995;270:1203-7.': [775], '7502046]': [777], 'Scholar25.': [779], 'Mennechet': [780], 'FJ,': [781], 'Kasper': [782], 'LH,': [783], 'Rachinel': [784], 'Li': [786], 'Vandewalle': [788], 'Buzoni-Gatel': [790], 'D.': [791, 1546], 'Lamina': [792], 'propria': [793, 895], 'CD4+': [794, 893, 1715, 3282, 3332], 'T': [795, 1335, 1460, 1716, 2860, 3144, 3283, 3333, 3356, 3366, 3409], 'lymphocytes': [796], 'synergize': [797], 'murine': [799, 1606, 1675, 3406], 'intestinal': [800, 1680, 2394, 2685, 2767, 3049, 3052, 3169, 3261], 'cells': [802, 830, 859, 907, 917, 1333, 2792, 3145, 3284, 3334, 3338, 3467], 'enhance': [804], 'proinflammatory': [805], 'response': [806, 1312, 1808], 'against': [807, 2512, 3289], 'an': [808, 2904], 'intracellular': [809], 'pathogen.': [810], '2002;168:2988-96.': [813], '11884471]': [815], 'Scholar26.': [817], 'Kwon': [818], 'JH,': [819], 'Keates': [820, 826], 'Bassani': [822], 'Mayer': [824, 1163], 'LF,': [825], 'AC.': [827], 'Colonic': [828], 'major': [833], 'macrophage': [836], 'protein': [838, 1407], '3alpha': [839], '(MIP-3alpha)': [840], 'production': [841, 959, 1374], 'normal': [843], 'colon': [844], 'Gut.': [849], '2002;51:818-26.': [850], '12427784]': [852], 'Scholar27.': [854], 'Stadnyk': [855], 'AW.': [856], 'as': [860, 1419, 1421, 2387, 2523, 2575, 2832, 2903, 3070, 3174], 'source': [862], 'cytokines': [865, 966, 1672, 3208], 'chemokines.': [867], 'Can': [868], '2002;16:241-6.': [871], '11981577]': [873], 'Scholar28.': [875], 'Neurath': [878], 'Klein': [882, 1741], 'JS,': [883], 'de': [884, 3129, 3559], 'la': [885, 3130, 3167], 'Motte': [886], 'Strong': [888], 'Disparate': [892], 'lamina': [894], '(LP)': [896], 'lymphokine': [897], 'secretion': [898, 910, 920], 'profiles': [899], 'LP': [906, 916], 'manifest': [908, 918], 'increased': [909, 919], 'IFN-gamma,': [912, 1530], 'whereas': [913], 'IL-5.': [922], '1996;157:1261-70.': [925], '8757634]': [927], 'Scholar29.': [929], 'Gor': [930], 'DO,': [931], 'Rose': [932], 'NR,': [933], 'Greenspan': [934], 'NS.': [935], 'TH1-TH2:': [936], 'procrustean': [938], 'paradigm.': [939], '2003;4:503-5.': [942], '12774069]': [944], 'Scholar30.': [946], 'Bullens': [947], 'DM,': [948], 'Kasran': [949], 'Thielemans': [951], 'Bakkus': [953], 'Ceuppens': [955], 'CD40L-induced': [957], 'IL-12': [958], 'further': [961], 'enhanced': [962], 'by': [963, 1331, 1380, 2734, 2933, 3276, 3395, 3512, 3522, 3596, 3679], 'Th2': [965], 'IL-4': [967, 992], 'IL-13.': [969], 'Scand': [970, 1876], '2001;53:455-63.': [973], '11309153]': [975], 'Scholar31.': [977], 'Fort': [978], 'Lesley': [980, 1393], 'Davidson': [982], 'Menon': [984], 'Brombacher': [986], 'F,': [987], 'Leach': [988], 'exacerbates': [993], 'Th1': [997], 'transfer': [999], '2001;166:2793-800.': [1005], '11160346]': [1007], 'Scholar32.': [1009], 'Garside': [1010], 'P.': [1011, 1030], 'Cytokines': [1012, 1031, 2483], '[Editorial].': [1016], 'Exp': [1018], '1999;118:337-9.': [1020], '10594548]': [1022], 'Scholar33.': [1024], "O'Shea": [1025], 'JJ,': [1026, 1046], 'Ma': [1027], 'Lipsky': [1029], 'autoimmunity.': [1033], '2002;2:37-45.': [1037], '11905836]': [1039], 'Scholar34.': [1041], 'Pedotti': [1042], 'Voss': [1045], 'Steinman': [1047], 'Galli': [1049], 'SJ.': [1050], 'Involvement': [1051], 'both': [1053], '"allergic"': [1054], '"autoimmune"': [1056], 'mechanisms': [1057], 'EAE,': [1059], 'MS': [1060], 'autoimmune': [1063, 1344, 2325, 2884], 'diseases.': [1064], '2003;24:479-84.': [1067], '12967671]': [1069], 'Scholar35.': [1071], 'Fedorak': [1072, 1119], 'RN,': [1073, 1120], 'Gangl': [1074], 'Elson': [1076, 1911], 'CO,': [1077, 1912], 'Rutgeerts': [1078], 'Schreiber': [1080, 1117], 'Wild': [1082, 1123], 'Recombinant': [1086], 'human': [1087, 1136, 2749], 'interleukin': [1088, 1137], 'treatment': [1092, 1219, 1271, 2435, 2546, 3481, 3554, 3627, 3640], 'mild': [1096], 'moderately': [1098], 'active': [1099, 1141, 2692, 3066], 'Interleukin': [1103, 2557], 'Disease': [1107, 1145, 1188, 2271, 2423, 2541, 2779], 'Cooperative': [1108, 1147], 'Study': [1109, 1148, 1190, 2721], 'Group.': [1110, 1149, 1191], '2000;119:1473-82.': [1112], '11113068]': [1114], 'Scholar36.': [1116], 'Nielsen': [1121], 'OH,': [1122], 'Williams': [1125], 'CN,': [1126], 'Nikolaus': [1127], 'Safety': [1131], 'efficacy': [1133, 1243, 3476], 'recombinant': [1135], 'chronic': [1140, 1646, 1678, 1751, 2694, 2867, 2996, 3147], '2000;119:1461-72.': [1151], '11113067]': [1153], 'Scholar37.': [1155], 'Targan': [1156, 1917, 2012], 'SR,': [1157, 1918, 2013], 'Hanauer': [1158], 'SB,': [1159], 'van': [1160], 'Deventer': [1161], 'SJ,': [1162], 'Present': [1165], 'DH,': [1166], 'Braakman': [1167], 'short-term': [1172], 'chimeric': [1175], 'monoclonal': [1176], 'antibody': [1177, 1984], 'cA2': [1178, 1189], 'tumor': [1180, 2757], 'necrosis': [1181, 2758, 3321], 'factor': [1182, 2818, 3214, 3413], 'alpha': [1183, 1703, 1708], '1997;337:1029-35.': [1196], '9321530]': [1198], 'Scholar38.': [1200], 'Armuzzi': [1201], 'Pascalis': [1204], 'Lupascu': [1206], 'Fedeli': [1208], 'Leo': [1210], 'Mentella': [1212], 'MC,': [1213], 'Infliximab': [1216, 1242, 1268], 'steroid-dependent': [1221], 'Med': [1226, 1281], 'Sci.': [1228, 1283, 2076], '2004;8:231-3.': [1229], '15638236]': [1231], 'Scholar39.': [1233], 'Eidelwein': [1234], 'Cuffari': [1236], 'Abadom': [1238], 'V,': [1239], 'Oliva-Hemker': [1240], 'pediatric': [1245, 1816, 3377], 'Inflamm': [1248], 'Dis.': [1250], '2005;11:213-8.': [1251], '15735427]': [1253], 'Scholar40.': [1255], 'Kohn': [1256, 1767], 'Prantera': [1258], 'Pera': [1260], 'Cosintino': [1262], 'Sostegni': [1264], 'Daperno': [1266], 'severe': [1273, 2883, 3032], 'colitis:': [1275, 2398, 2713], 'follow-up': [1277], 'study.': [1278, 2073], '2004;8:235-7.': [1284], '15638237]': [1286], 'Scholar41.': [1288], 'Tsukada': [1289], 'Nakamura': [1291], 'Iimura': [1293], 'Iizuka': [1295], 'BE,': [1296], 'Hayashi': [1297], 'N.': [1298], 'Cytokine': [1299], 'profile': [1300, 2583], 'colonic': [1302, 2708, 3424, 3597], 'mucosa': [1303], 'correlates': [1307], 'activity': [1310, 1486], 'granulocytapheresis.': [1314], '2002;97:2820-8.': [1318], '12425554]': [1320], 'Scholar42.': [1322], 'Becher': [1323], 'Durell': [1325], 'BG,': [1326, 2049], 'Noelle': [1327], 'RJ.': [1328], 'IL-23': [1329, 1373], 'produced': [1330], 'CNS-resident': [1332], 'controls': [1334], 'encephalitogenicity': [1337], 'during': [1338], 'effector': [1340], 'phase': [1341], 'encephalomyelitis.': [1345], 'Invest.': [1348, 1385, 1613, 1932], '2003;112:1186-91.': [1349], '14561703]': [1351], 'Scholar43.': [1353], 'Becker': [1354], 'Wirtz': [1356], 'Blessing': [1358], 'Pirhonen': [1360], 'Strand': [1362], 'Bechthold': [1364], 'O,': [1365, 1742], 'Constitutive': [1368], 'p40': [1369], 'promoter': [1370], 'activation': [1371, 2856, 3375, 3416], 'terminal': [1377], 'ileum': [1378], 'mediated': [1379], 'dendritic': [1381], 'cells.': [1382, 1461], '2003;112:693-706.': [1386], '12952918]': [1388], 'Scholar44.': [1390], 'Oppmann': [1391], 'Blom': [1395], 'Timans': [1397, 1433], 'Xu': [1399], 'Hunte': [1401], 'Novel': [1405, 2506, 2968], 'p19': [1406], 'engages': [1408], 'IL-12p40': [1409], 'form': [1411], 'cytokine,': [1413], 'IL-23,': [1414], 'activities': [1417, 3042], 'similar': [1418], 'well': [1420], 'distinct': [1422], 'from': [1423, 2259, 2793, 2937, 3494], 'IL-12.': [1424], '2000;13:715-25.': [1426], '11114383]': [1428], 'Scholar45.': [1430], 'Pflanz': [1431], 'Cheung': [1435], 'Rosales': [1437], 'Kanzler': [1439], 'Gilbert': [1441], 'IL-27,': [1445], 'heterodimeric': [1447], 'cytokine': [1448, 1492, 1746, 2760, 2764, 3296], 'composed': [1449], 'EBI3': [1451], 'p28': [1453], 'protein,': [1454], 'induces': [1455], 'proliferation': [1456], 'naive': [1458], 'CD4(+)': [1459], '2002;16:779-90.': [1463], '12121660]': [1465], 'Scholar46.': [1467], 'Martin': [1470, 1656], 'Marini': [1472, 1625, 1664], 'Hoang': [1474], 'Mishina': [1476, 1658], 'Ross': [1478, 1660], 'WG,': [1479, 1661], 'Expression,': [1482], 'localization,': [1483], 'functional': [1485], 'TL1A,': [1488, 1521], 'Th1-polarizing': [1491], '2003;171:4868-74.': [1499], '14568967]': [1501], 'Scholar47.': [1503], 'Prehn': [1504], 'JL,': [1505], 'Mehdizadeh': [1506], 'Landers': [1508, 1915, 1948, 2004, 2044], 'CJ,': [1509, 1916, 2005, 2045], 'Luo': [1510], 'X,': [1511], 'Cha': [1512], 'SC,': [1513], 'Wei': [1514, 1946], 'Potential': [1518, 2313], 'new': [1523], 'TNF-family': [1524], 'member': [1525], 'potent': [1527], 'costimulator': [1528], '2004;112:66-77.': [1536], '15207783]': [1538], 'Scholar48.': [1540], 'Pelletier': [1541], 'Bouchard': [1543], 'Girard': [1545], 'In': [1547, 2612], 'vivo': [1548, 2308], 'vitro': [1551], 'IL-21': [1554, 1572, 1575], '2004;173:7521-30.': [1559], '15585879]': [1561], 'Scholar49.': [1563], 'Mehta': [1564], 'DS,': [1565], 'Wurster': [1566], 'AL,': [1567], 'Grusby': [1568], 'MJ.': [1569], 'Biology': [1570], 'receptor.': [1576], 'Rev.': [1578, 1842], '2004;202:84-95.': [1579], '15546387]': [1581], 'Scholar50.': [1583], 'Kosiewicz': [1584], 'Nast': [1586], 'CC,': [1587], 'Krishnan': [1588], 'Rivera-Nieves': [1590, 1619, 1662, 1688], 'Moskaluk': [1592], 'CA,': [1593], 'Matsumoto': [1594], 'Th1-type': [1598], 'mediate': [1600], 'spontaneous': [1601, 1643, 2921], 'ileitis': [1602], '2001;107:695-702.': [1614], '11254669]': [1616], 'Scholar51.': [1618], 'Vidrich': [1623], 'McDuffie': [1629], 'MJ,': [1630, 1908], 'Emergence': [1633], 'perianal': [1635], 'fistulizing': [1636, 3533], 'SAMP1/YitFc': [1640, 3458], 'mouse,': [1641], 'ileitis.': [1647], '2003;124:972-82.': [1649], '12671894]': [1651], 'Scholar52.': [1653], 'Proinflammatory': [1668], 'effects': [1669, 2492], 'TH2': [1671], 'small': [1679, 1722, 1992], '2005;128:654-66.': [1683], '15765401]': [1685], 'Scholar53.': [1687], 'Bruce': [1694], 'Solga': [1696], 'Knight': [1698], 'RF,': [1699], 'L-selectin,': [1702], '4': [1704, 1709], 'beta': [1705, 1710], '1,': [1706], '7': [1711], 'integrins': [1712], 'participate': [1713], 'recruitment': [1718], 'chronically': [1720], 'inflamed': [1721], 'intestine.': [1723], '2005;174:2343-52.': [1726], '15699171]': [1728], 'Scholar54.': [1730], 'Desreumaux': [1731], 'Brandt': [1733], 'E,': [1734, 2053], 'Gambiez': [1735], 'Emilie': [1737], 'Geboes': [1739], 'Distinct': [1745], 'patterns': [1747], 'early': [1749, 1812], 'ileal': [1752], 'lesions': [1753], '1997;113:118-26.': [1758], '9207269]': [1760], 'Scholar55.': [1762], 'Markowitz': [1763], 'Grancher': [1765], 'Lesser': [1769], 'Daum': [1771], 'multicenter': [1774], 'trial': [1775], '6-mercaptopurine': [1777], 'prednisone': [1779], 'children': [1781, 2585, 2881], 'newly': [1783], 'diagnosed': [1784], '2000;119:895-902.': [1788], '11040176]': [1790], 'Scholar56.': [1792], 'Kugathasan': [1793], 'Werlin': [1795], 'SL,': [1796], 'Martinez': [1797], 'Rivera': [1799], 'Heikenen': [1801], 'JB,': [1802], 'Binion': [1803], 'DG.': [1804], 'Prolonged': [1805], 'duration': [1806], 'infliximab': [1810, 3529], 'but': [1813, 2030, 2821, 3428], 'not': [1814, 2031, 2822], 'late': [1815], '2000;95:3189-94.': [1822], '11095340]': [1824], 'Scholar57.': [1826], 'Danese': [1827], 'Sans': [1829], 'factors.': [1840], 'Autoimmun': [1841], '2004;3:394-400.': [1843], '15288007]': [1845], 'Scholar58.': [1847], 'Linskens': [1848], 'RK,': [1849], 'Huijsdens': [1850], 'XW,': [1851], 'Savelkoul': [1852], 'PH,': [1853], 'Vandenbroucke-Grauls': [1854], 'Meuwissen': [1856], 'SG.': [1857], 'bacterial': [1859, 1956, 2060], 'flora': [1860], 'current': [1865, 3544], 'insights': [1866], 'influence': [1871, 2373], 'antibiotics': [1873], 'probiotics.': [1875], 'Gastroenterol': [1878], 'Suppl.': [1879], '2001;:29-40.': [1880], '11768558]': [1882], 'Scholar59.': [1884], 'Sartor': [1885], 'RB.': [1886], 'Therapeutic': [1887], 'manipulation': [1888], 'enteric': [1891], 'microflora': [1892, 2709], 'diseases:': [1896, 2885], 'antibiotics,': [1897], 'probiotics,': [1898], 'prebiotics.': [1900], '2004;126:1620-33.': [1902], '15168372]': [1904], 'Scholar60.': [1906], 'Lodes': [1907], 'Cong': [1909], 'Mohamath': [1913], 'Bacterial': [1921], 'flagellin': [1922], 'antigen': [1926, 3184, 3225], '2004;113:1296-306.': [1933], '15124021]': [1935], 'Scholar61.': [1937], 'Sutton': [1938], 'CL,': [1939], 'Kim': [1940], 'Yamane': [1942], 'Dalwadi': [1944], 'Identification': [1952], 'sequence': [1957], '2000;119:23-31.': [1963], '10889151]': [1965], 'Scholar62.': [1967], 'Mow': [1968, 2042], 'WS,': [1969, 2043], 'Vasiliauskas': [1970], 'EA,': [1971], 'Lin': [1972], 'YC,': [1973], 'Fleshner': [1974], 'PR,': [1975], 'Papadakis': [1976], 'KA,': [1977], 'Taylor': [1978], 'KD,': [1979], 'microbial': [1987, 2018], 'antigens': [1988, 2061], 'complications': [1990], '2004;126:414-24.': [1997], '14762777]': [1999], 'Scholar63.': [2001], 'Arnott': [2002], 'ID,': [2003], 'Nimmo': [2006], 'EJ,': [2007], 'Drummond': [2008], 'HE,': [2009], 'Smith': [2010], 'Sero-reactivity': [2016], 'components': [2019], 'severity': [2027], 'progression,': [2029], 'NOD2/CARD15': [2032], 'genotype.': [2033], '2004;99:2376-84.': [2037], '15571586]': [2039], 'Scholar64.': [2041], 'Steinhart': [2046], 'AH,': [2047], 'Feagan': [2048], 'Croitoru': [2050], 'Seidman': [2052], 'High-level': [2056], 'serum': [2057, 3171], 'antibodies': [2058], 'antibiotic-induced': [2065], 'remission': [2067], 'pilot': [2072], 'Dig': [2074], 'Dis': [2075], '2004;49:1280-6.': [2077], '15387358]': [2079], 'Scholar': [2081], 'Author,': [2082], 'InformationAffiliations:': [2086], 'From': [2087], 'Virginia.Acknowledgments:': [2092], 'authors': [2094], 'thank': [2095], 'entire': [2097], 'personnel': [2098], 'Digestive': [2101, 2133, 2182], 'Health': [2102, 2117, 2121, 2134, 2164, 2183], 'Center': [2103, 2136, 2184], 'Excellence': [2105], 'at': [2106, 3518], 'Virginia.Grant': [2110], 'Support:': [2111], 'By': [2112], 'United': [2114], 'States': [2115], 'Public': [2116], 'Service/National': [2118], 'Institutes': [2119], 'grants': [2122], 'DK-42195,': [2123], 'DK-44540,': [2124], 'DK-55812': [2126], 'UVa': [2132], 'Research': [2135], '(P30': [2137], 'DK-67629).Disclosures:': [2138], 'Honoraria:': [2139], '(UCB': [2142], 'Pharmaceuticals,': [2143], 'Inc.,': [2144], 'Centocor,': [2145], 'Elan,': [2146], 'Sigma-Tau).Corresponding': [2147], 'Author:': [2148], 'Division': [2153], 'Gastroenterology': [2155], 'Hepatology,': [2157], 'P.O.': [2158, 2190], 'Box': [2159, 2191], '800708,': [2160, 2192], 'Virginia': [2163], 'System,': [2165], 'VA': [2167, 2194], '22908;': [2168], 'e-mail,': [2169], '[email': [2170], 'protected]edu.Current': [2171], 'Author': [2172], 'Addresses:': [2173], 'Drs.': [2174], 'Cominelli:': [2181], 'Excellence,': [2186], '22908-0708.': [2195], 'PreviousarticleNextarticle': [2196], 'Advertisement': [2197], 'FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails': [2198], 'Metrics': [2199], 'Cited': [2200], 'ByAssociation': [2201], 'rs3024505': [2204], 'systematic': [2212], 'review': [2213, 2282, 2518], 'meta-analysisSystems': [2215], 'biology': [2216], 'approach': [2217], 'highlights': [2218], 'mechanistic': [2219, 2517], 'differences': [2220], 'colitisCircadian': [2226], 'Clock': [2227], 'Disruption': [2228], 'Suppresses': [2229], 'PDL1+': [2230], 'Intraepithelial': [2231], 'B': [2232], 'Cells': [2233, 2317, 2914, 3357, 3367], 'Experimental': [2235, 2359, 2969, 3103], 'Colitis': [2236, 2274, 2662, 2669, 2941, 2964], 'Colitis-Associated': [2238], 'Colorectal': [2239], 'CancerExploring': [2240], 'Early': [2242], 'Phase': [2243], 'DiseaseRevisiting': [2246], 'Disease:': [2249, 3326, 3575, 3618], 'Pathology,': [2250], 'Treatments,': [2251], 'Challenges': [2252], 'Emerging': [2254], 'Therapeutics': [2255, 3652], 'Including': [2256], 'Drug': [2257], 'Leads': [2258], 'Natural': [2260], 'ProductsDetermination': [2261], 'Microbiome': [2265], 'Composition': [2266], 'Patients': [2268, 2738, 2938, 3382], 'Ulcerative': [2273, 2581, 2668, 2940], 'Different': [2276], 'Age': [2277], 'Categories': [2278], 'SexA': [2280], 'panoramic': [2281], 'IL-6:': [2284], 'Structure,': [2285], 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