Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2156506639', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physiol.61.1.45', 'title': 'IONIC CONDUCTANCES IN GASTROINTESTINAL SMOOTH MUSCLES AND INTERSTITIAL CELLS OF CAJAL', 'display_name': 'IONIC CONDUCTANCES IN GASTROINTESTINAL SMOOTH MUSCLES AND INTERSTITIAL CELLS OF CAJAL', 'publication_year': 1999, 'publication_date': '1999-03-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2156506639', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physiol.61.1.45', 'mag': '2156506639', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10099682'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physiol.61.1.45', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S196366644', 'display_name': 'Annual Review of Physiology', 'issn_l': '0066-4278', 'issn': ['0066-4278', '1545-1585'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320373', 'host_organization_name': 'Annual Reviews', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320373'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Annual Reviews'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5079952114', 'display_name': 'Gianrico Farrugia', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3473-5235'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1330342723', 'display_name': 'Mayo Clinic', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02qp3tb03', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1330342723']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'G. Farrugia', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905;'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905;', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1330342723']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5079952114'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1330342723'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.498, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 104, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.780142, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 96, 'max': 97}, 'biblio': {'volume': '61', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '45', 'last_page': '84'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10493', 'display_name': 'Ion channel regulation and function', 'score': 0.9969, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10493', 'display_name': 'Ion channel regulation and function', 'score': 0.9969, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10724', 'display_name': 'Ion Transport and Channel Regulation', 'score': 0.9938, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11204', 'display_name': 'Ion Channels and Receptors', 'score': 0.9875, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2809', 'display_name': 'Sensory Systems'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/interstitial-cell', 'display_name': 'Interstitial cell', 'score': 0.7053789}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/peristalsis', 'display_name': 'Peristalsis', 'score': 0.58978444}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/pacemaker-potential', 'display_name': 'Pacemaker potential', 'score': 0.44590393}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C201539569', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2596185', 'display_name': 'Interstitial cell of Cajal', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.98728526}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2992686903', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208453', 'display_name': 'Smooth muscle', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.70835125}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777534427', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6057165', 'display_name': 'Interstitial cell', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7053789}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C58207958', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33596', 'display_name': 'Motility', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6629525}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C50254741', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62536', 'display_name': 'Ion channel', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.60308725}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C206813253', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308695', 'display_name': 'Peristalsis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.58978444}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C207200792', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428914', 'display_name': 'Myocyte', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5867569}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C147944092', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176366', 'display_name': 'Patch clamp', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.50840944}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C177832589', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3909524', 'display_name': 'Pacemaker potential', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.44590393}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C181911157', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389844', 'display_name': 'Membrane potential', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4315098}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185263204', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1154774', 'display_name': 'Electrophysiology', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4313217}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.42179534}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.39510047}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169760540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.37551725}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C12554922', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100', 'display_name': 'Biophysics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3719911}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95444343', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141', 'display_name': 'Cell biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.36040047}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105702510', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514', 'display_name': 'Anatomy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.34016985}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C170493617', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467', 'display_name': 'Receptor', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.24436474}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134018914', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.22398353}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.14560771}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D004068', 'descriptor_name': 'Digestive System Physiological Phenomena', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007473', 'descriptor_name': 'Ion Channels', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009130', 'descriptor_name': 'Muscle, Smooth', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015220', 'descriptor_name': 'Calcium Channels', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015220', 'descriptor_name': 'Calcium Channels', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018118', 'descriptor_name': 'Chloride Channels', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018118', 'descriptor_name': 'Chloride Channels', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004064', 'descriptor_name': 'Digestive System', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000166', 'qualifier_name': 'cytology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004064', 'descriptor_name': 'Digestive System', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004553', 'descriptor_name': 'Electric Conductivity', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007473', 'descriptor_name': 'Ion Channels', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009130', 'descriptor_name': 'Muscle, Smooth', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009130', 'descriptor_name': 'Muscle, Smooth', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000166', 'qualifier_name': 'cytology', 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physiol.61.1.45', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S196366644', 'display_name': 'Annual Review of Physiology', 'issn_l': '0066-4278', 'issn': ['0066-4278', '1545-1585'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320373', 'host_organization_name': 'Annual Reviews', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320373'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Annual Reviews'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10099682', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 126, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W108080595', 'https://openalex.org/W1216026443', 'https://openalex.org/W1248557157', 'https://openalex.org/W1498851698', 'https://openalex.org/W160118189', 'https://openalex.org/W1616459298', 'https://openalex.org/W176334173', 'https://openalex.org/W1798350464', 'https://openalex.org/W1856730958', 'https://openalex.org/W1899877571', 'https://openalex.org/W1901856024', 'https://openalex.org/W1966647232', 'https://openalex.org/W1968102170', 'https://openalex.org/W1970011482', 'https://openalex.org/W1977912666', 'https://openalex.org/W1979689793', 'https://openalex.org/W1980300892', 'https://openalex.org/W1980730770', 'https://openalex.org/W1981823187', 'https://openalex.org/W1983128983', 'https://openalex.org/W1983290375', 'https://openalex.org/W1984075560', 'https://openalex.org/W1988280663', 'https://openalex.org/W1988530903', 'https://openalex.org/W1990544120', 'https://openalex.org/W1991175004', 'https://openalex.org/W1991316497', 'https://openalex.org/W1992356259', 'https://openalex.org/W1994853611', 'https://openalex.org/W1995519760', 'https://openalex.org/W1997174350', 'https://openalex.org/W1997234408', 'https://openalex.org/W1999503127', 'https://openalex.org/W2000991869', 'https://openalex.org/W2001434116', 'https://openalex.org/W2002148580', 'https://openalex.org/W2003181636', 'https://openalex.org/W2003730971', 'https://openalex.org/W2008578618', 'https://openalex.org/W2013459089', 'https://openalex.org/W2019463600', 'https://openalex.org/W2019662916', 'https://openalex.org/W2020256228', 'https://openalex.org/W2023356815', 'https://openalex.org/W2023572817', 'https://openalex.org/W2024088389', 'https://openalex.org/W2028742524', 'https://openalex.org/W2029379652', 'https://openalex.org/W2031314404', 'https://openalex.org/W2031856108', 'https://openalex.org/W2035460943', 'https://openalex.org/W2040227221', 'https://openalex.org/W2043154526', 'https://openalex.org/W2044800315', 'https://openalex.org/W2045455622', 'https://openalex.org/W2046027489', 'https://openalex.org/W2046214522', 'https://openalex.org/W2048142140', 'https://openalex.org/W2051877951', 'https://openalex.org/W2056373038', 'https://openalex.org/W2059095114', 'https://openalex.org/W2059766407', 'https://openalex.org/W2062120117', 'https://openalex.org/W2066666123', 'https://openalex.org/W2068930724', 'https://openalex.org/W2072797694', 'https://openalex.org/W2077716740', 'https://openalex.org/W2081875797', 'https://openalex.org/W2085624112', 'https://openalex.org/W2087485118', 'https://openalex.org/W2089334064', 'https://openalex.org/W2091270250', 'https://openalex.org/W2092661031', 'https://openalex.org/W2096900775', 'https://openalex.org/W2099633361', 'https://openalex.org/W2102041607', 'https://openalex.org/W2103443452', 'https://openalex.org/W2117059432', 'https://openalex.org/W2124945742', 'https://openalex.org/W2127734534', 'https://openalex.org/W2130535705', 'https://openalex.org/W2136550767', 'https://openalex.org/W2136598957', 'https://openalex.org/W2143070723', 'https://openalex.org/W2149840929', 'https://openalex.org/W2159684798', 'https://openalex.org/W2180542173', 'https://openalex.org/W2182317314', 'https://openalex.org/W2184744914', 'https://openalex.org/W2231548844', 'https://openalex.org/W2253288071', 'https://openalex.org/W2259062157', 'https://openalex.org/W2279911334', 'https://openalex.org/W2280422860', 'https://openalex.org/W2284127171', 'https://openalex.org/W2301341549', 'https://openalex.org/W2332276266', 'https://openalex.org/W2337258040', 'https://openalex.org/W2340615670', 'https://openalex.org/W2395031936', 'https://openalex.org/W2396506071', 'https://openalex.org/W2397390726', 'https://openalex.org/W2399057662', 'https://openalex.org/W2399380607', 'https://openalex.org/W2400838714', 'https://openalex.org/W2403389366', 'https://openalex.org/W2406272467', 'https://openalex.org/W2407014164', 'https://openalex.org/W2409016498', 'https://openalex.org/W2409237734', 'https://openalex.org/W2409595936', 'https://openalex.org/W2410834977', 'https://openalex.org/W2411313953', 'https://openalex.org/W2411535623', 'https://openalex.org/W2412927359', 'https://openalex.org/W2415049039', 'https://openalex.org/W2415449416', 'https://openalex.org/W2415533529', 'https://openalex.org/W2416008561', 'https://openalex.org/W2437389034', 'https://openalex.org/W2460788572', 'https://openalex.org/W2465628182', 'https://openalex.org/W2466294426', 'https://openalex.org/W2469886659', 'https://openalex.org/W2473672663', 'https://openalex.org/W2474502530'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3119795038', 'https://openalex.org/W2351270862', 'https://openalex.org/W2156506639', 'https://openalex.org/W2114515890', 'https://openalex.org/W2081695847', 'https://openalex.org/W2078302791', 'https://openalex.org/W2078280030', 'https://openalex.org/W1971707504', 'https://openalex.org/W1572944703', 'https://openalex.org/W111279135'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Ion': [0], 'channels': [1, 65], 'are': [2, 67], 'the': [3, 28], 'unitary': [4], 'elements': [5], 'that': [6, 40, 66], 'underlie': [7], 'electrical': [8], 'activity': [9, 26], 'of': [10, 16, 19, 23, 57, 63, 75], 'gastrointestinal': [11, 29, 82], 'smooth': [12, 30, 51, 83], 'muscle': [13, 31, 52, 84], 'cells': [14, 18, 53, 56, 85], 'and': [15, 54, 86], 'interstitial': [17, 55, 87], 'Cajal.': [20], 'The': [21], 'result': [22], 'ion': [24, 64], 'channel': [25], 'in': [27, 37, 41], 'layers': [32], 'is': [33], 'a': [34, 60, 90], 'rhythmic': [35], 'change': [36], 'membrane': [38], 'potential': [39], 'turn': [42], 'underlies': [43], 'events': [44], 'leading': [45], 'to': [46], 'organized': [47], 'motility': [48], 'patterns.': [49], 'Gastrointestinal': [50], 'Cajal': [58], 'express': [59], 'wide': [61], 'variety': [62], 'tightly': [68], 'regulated.': [69], 'This': [70], 'review': [71], 'summarizes': [72], '20': [73], 'years': [74], 'data': [76], 'obtained': [77], 'from': [78], 'patch-clamp': [79], 'studies': [80], 'on': [81, 92], 'cells,': [88], 'with': [89], 'focus': [91], 'regulation.': [93]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2156506639', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 7}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-07T13:14:08.878732', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}