Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2153568493', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.27.5.1071', 'title': 'Treatment of Diabetic Gastroparesis by High-Frequency Gastric Electrical Stimulation', 'display_name': 'Treatment of Diabetic Gastroparesis by High-Frequency Gastric Electrical Stimulation', 'publication_year': 2004, 'publication_date': '2004-05-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2153568493', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.27.5.1071', 'mag': '2153568493', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15111523'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.27.5.1071', 'pdf_url': 'https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article-pdf/27/5/1071/565742/zdc00504001071.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S49878492', 'display_name': 'Diabetes Care', 'issn_l': '0149-5992', 'issn': ['0149-5992', '1935-5548'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320274', 'host_organization_name': 'American Diabetes Association', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320274'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Diabetes Association'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article-pdf/27/5/1071/565742/zdc00504001071.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5016042149', 'display_name': 'Zhiyue Lin', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5387-6952'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210128618', 'display_name': 'University of Kansas Medical Center', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/036c9yv20', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210128618']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Zhiyue Lin', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210128618']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5109225452', 'display_name': 'Jameson Forster', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210128618', 'display_name': 'University of Kansas Medical Center', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/036c9yv20', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210128618']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jameson Forster', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210128618']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5006433297', 'display_name': 'Irene Sarosiek', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1678-7269'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210128618', 'display_name': 'University of Kansas Medical Center', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/036c9yv20', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210128618']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Irene Sarosiek', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210128618']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5005028574', 'display_name': 'Richard W. McCallum', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6652-8049'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210128618', 'display_name': 'University of Kansas Medical Center', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/036c9yv20', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210128618']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Richard W. McCallum', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210128618']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 10.192, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 183, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999565, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '27', 'issue': '5', 'first_page': '1071', 'last_page': '1076'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10365', 'display_name': 'Gastrointestinal motility and disorders', 'score': 0.9972, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2715', 'display_name': 'Gastroenterology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10365', 'display_name': 'Gastrointestinal motility and disorders', 'score': 0.9972, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2715', 'display_name': 'Gastroenterology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12267', 'display_name': 'Diet and metabolism studies', 'score': 0.9888, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2737', 'display_name': 'Physiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10745', 'display_name': 'Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control', 'score': 0.9836, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2705', 'display_name': 'Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/gastroparesis', 'display_name': 'Gastroparesis', 'score': 0.87464285}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.9517869}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778769438', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q943897', 'display_name': 'Gastroparesis', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.87464285}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C555293320', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206', 'display_name': 'Diabetes mellitus', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.748923}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5337886}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C24998067', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622', 'display_name': 'Stimulation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5249902}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C90924648', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569', 'display_name': 'Gastroenterology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.355467}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779422922', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1029907', 'display_name': 'Stomach', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.29281682}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134018914', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2220532}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3020479747', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1029907', 'display_name': 'Gastric emptying', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.14164835}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D003929', 'descriptor_name': 'Diabetic Neuropathies', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000628', 'qualifier_name': 'therapy', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004599', 'descriptor_name': 'Electric Stimulation Therapy', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018589', 'descriptor_name': 'Gastroparesis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000628', 'qualifier_name': 'therapy', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000328', 'descriptor_name': 'Adult', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000368', 'descriptor_name': 'Aged', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001786', 'descriptor_name': 'Blood Glucose', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001786', 'descriptor_name': 'Blood Glucose', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003710', 'descriptor_name': 'Demography', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003929', 'descriptor_name': 'Diabetic Neuropathies', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004599', 'descriptor_name': 'Electric Stimulation Therapy', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000009', 'qualifier_name': 'adverse effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018589', 'descriptor_name': 'Gastroparesis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000209', 'qualifier_name': 'etiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018589', 'descriptor_name': 'Gastroparesis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006304', 'descriptor_name': 'Health Status', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008875', 'descriptor_name': 'Middle Aged', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009752', 'descriptor_name': 'Nutritional Status', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011788', 'descriptor_name': 'Quality of Life', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012189', 'descriptor_name': 'Retrospective Studies', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.27.5.1071', 'pdf_url': 'https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article-pdf/27/5/1071/565742/zdc00504001071.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S49878492', 'display_name': 'Diabetes Care', 'issn_l': '0149-5992', 'issn': ['0149-5992', '1935-5548'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320274', 'host_organization_name': 'American Diabetes Association', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320274'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Diabetes Association'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15111523', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.27.5.1071', 'pdf_url': 'https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article-pdf/27/5/1071/565742/zdc00504001071.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S49878492', 'display_name': 'Diabetes Care', 'issn_l': '0149-5992', 'issn': ['0149-5992', '1935-5548'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320274', 'host_organization_name': 'American Diabetes Association', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320274'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Diabetes Association'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.75, 'display_name': 'Zero hunger', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 30, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1493773294', 'https://openalex.org/W1814274441', 'https://openalex.org/W1971459654', 'https://openalex.org/W1980731086', 'https://openalex.org/W1984150562', 'https://openalex.org/W1987113453', 'https://openalex.org/W1992899757', 'https://openalex.org/W1995438902', 'https://openalex.org/W2008196264', 'https://openalex.org/W2025213762', 'https://openalex.org/W2027921179', 'https://openalex.org/W2033541852', 'https://openalex.org/W2035233624', 'https://openalex.org/W2054271473', 'https://openalex.org/W2055473381', 'https://openalex.org/W2060881868', 'https://openalex.org/W2063148379', 'https://openalex.org/W2071006966', 'https://openalex.org/W2090004842', 'https://openalex.org/W2091411102', 'https://openalex.org/W2099604717', 'https://openalex.org/W2111341963', 'https://openalex.org/W2113279933', 'https://openalex.org/W2127611187', 'https://openalex.org/W2131073992', 'https://openalex.org/W2146079901', 'https://openalex.org/W33315382', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527', 'https://openalex.org/W43477271', 'https://openalex.org/W614531583'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4396644992', 'https://openalex.org/W4387614414', 'https://openalex.org/W4383818024', 'https://openalex.org/W4282967278', 'https://openalex.org/W3019903459', 'https://openalex.org/W2944378043', 'https://openalex.org/W2341685189', 'https://openalex.org/W2006350921', 'https://openalex.org/W148506658', 'https://openalex.org/W1259684514'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'OBJECTIVE—To': [0], 'investigate': [1], 'the': [2, 113, 142, 158, 170, 194], 'long-term': [3], 'efficacy': [4], 'of': [5, 23, 65, 141, 154, 191], 'high-frequency': [6, 215], 'gastric': [7, 83], 'electrical': [8], 'stimulation': [9], '(GES)': [10], 'for': [11], 'treating': [12], 'diabetic': [13, 26, 210], 'gastroparesis.': [14], 'RESEARCH': [15], 'DESIGN': [16], 'AND': [17], 'METHODS—This': [18], 'is': [19], 'a': [20, 33, 218], 'retrospective': [21], 'review': [22], '48': [24], 'adult': [25], 'patients': [27, 121, 200, 211], 'with': [28, 94, 112, 169, 212, 234], 'refractory': [29, 213], 'gastroparesis': [30], 'who': [31], 'had': [32, 39, 201], 'GES': [34, 161, 203, 216], 'system': [35, 221], 'implanted': [36, 220], 'surgically': [37], 'and': [38, 44, 73, 89, 104, 139, 186, 232], 'follow-up': [40], 'evaluations': [41], 'at': [42, 109, 116, 125, 136, 178, 193], '6': [43, 110], '12': [45, 117, 137, 179], 'months.': [46, 118, 180], 'The': [47, 151], 'outcome': [48], 'measures': [49], 'were': [50, 106, 175], 'total': [51, 145], 'symptom': [52, 61, 101], 'score': [53, 71, 76], '(TSS),': [54], 'derived': [55], 'from': [56], 'six': [57, 98], 'upper': [58, 99, 224], 'gastrointestinal': [59], '(GI)': [60], 'subscores;': [62], 'health-related': [63], 'quality': [64], 'life': [66], '(HQOL),': [67], 'including': [68], 'physical': [69], 'composite': [70, 75], '(PCS)': [72], 'mental': [74], '(MCS)': [77], 'assessed': [78], 'by': [79, 127, 165, 217], 'SF-36': [80], 'questionnaire,': [81], 'radionuclide': [82], 'emptying': [84, 182], 'test,': [85], 'nutritional': [86, 123, 228], 'status,': [87, 229], 'HbA1c,': [88], 'adverse': [90], 'events.': [91], 'RESULTS—In': [92], 'comparison': [93], 'baseline,': [95], 'TSS,': [96], 'all': [97], 'GI': [100, 225], 'subscores,': [102], 'PCS,': [103], 'MCS': [105], 'significantly': [107, 163, 176, 188, 222], 'improved': [108, 223], 'months,': [111, 138], 'improvement': [114], 'sustained': [115], 'Of': [119], '13': [120], 'receiving': [122], 'support': [124], 'baseline': [126], 'tube': [128], 'feeding,': [129], 'only': [130, 184], '5': [131], 'required': [132], 'supplemental': [133], 'enteral': [134], 'feeding': [135], 'none': [140], '9': [143], 'on': [144], 'parenteral': [146], 'nutrition': [147], 'continued': [148], 'this': [149], 'support.': [150], 'mean': [152], 'number': [153], 'hospitalization': [155], 'days': [156, 167], 'during': [157], 'year': [159], 'after': [160], 'was': [162, 183], 'reduced': [164, 177], '52': [166], 'compared': [168], 'prior': [171], 'year.': [172], 'HbA1c': [173], 'levels': [174], 'Gastric': [181], 'minimally': [185], 'not': [187], 'faster.': [189], 'Because': [190], 'infections': [192], 'pulse': [195], 'generator': [196], 'pocket': [197], 'site,': [198], 'four': [199], 'their': [202], 'systems': [204], 'removed': [205], '3–17': [206], 'months': [207], 'postsurgery.': [208], 'CONCLUSIONS—In': [209], 'gastroparesis,': [214], 'permanently': [219], 'symptoms,': [226], 'HQOL,': [227], 'glucose': [230], 'control,': [231], 'hospitalizations': [233], 'an': [235], 'acceptably': [236], 'low': [237], 'complication': [238], 'rate.': [239]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2153568493', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 15}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-09T21:12:53.115307', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}