Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2150884630', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2217/pmt.14.48', 'title': 'Acute pain service: past, present and future', 'display_name': 'Acute pain service: past, present and future', 'publication_year': 2015, 'publication_date': '2015-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2150884630', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2217/pmt.14.48', 'mag': '2150884630', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25537698'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2217/pmt.14.48', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764927497', 'display_name': 'Pain Management', 'issn_l': '1758-1869', 'issn': ['1758-1869', '1758-1877'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310321119', 'host_organization_name': 'Future Medicine', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310321119'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Future Medicine'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5080553864', 'display_name': 'Qutaiba A. Tawfic', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8566-9891'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2800925808', 'display_name': 'London Health Sciences Centre', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/037tz0e16', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2800925808']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I125749732', 'display_name': 'Western University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02grkyz14', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I125749732']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Qutaiba Amir Tawfic', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Anesthesia & Perioperative Medicine, London Health Science Centre, Western University, London Ontario, Canada'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Anesthesia & Perioperative Medicine, London Health Science Centre, Western University, London Ontario, Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2800925808', 'https://openalex.org/I125749732']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5072998680', 'display_name': 'Ali S. Faris', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210087867', 'display_name': 'Tawam Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/007a5h107', 'country_code': 'AE', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210087867']}], 'countries': ['AE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ali S Faris', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Therapy, Tawam Hospital, Al-Ain, UAE'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Therapy, Tawam Hospital, Al-Ain, UAE', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210087867']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.49, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 21, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.717487, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 91, 'max': 92}, 'biblio': {'volume': '5', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '47', 'last_page': '58'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10189', 'display_name': 'Management of Postoperative Pain and Complications', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10189', 'display_name': 'Management of Postoperative Pain and Complications', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11199', 'display_name': 'Challenges in Pain Management and Treatment', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2703', 'display_name': 'Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11292', 'display_name': 'Pediatric Pain Assessment and Management', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2735', 'display_name': 'Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/modalities', 'display_name': 'Modalities', 'score': 0.6820708}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/postoperative-pain', 'display_name': 'Postoperative Pain', 'score': 0.581893}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/pain-management', 'display_name': 'Pain Management', 'score': 0.567354}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-pain', 'display_name': 'Acute Pain', 'score': 0.56364}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/pain-assessment-tools', 'display_name': 'Pain Assessment Tools', 'score': 0.54595}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/regimen', 'display_name': 'Regimen', 'score': 0.5406129}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/pain-measurement', 'display_name': 'Pain Measurement', 'score': 0.527254}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-care', 'display_name': 'Acute care', 'score': 0.47959936}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2993997175', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81938', 'display_name': 'Acute pain', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8647417}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.8541723}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2983098980', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621261', 'display_name': 'Pain management', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.78953075}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779903281', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026', 'display_name': 'Modalities', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6820708}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781413609', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7308373', 'display_name': 'Regimen', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5406129}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C177713679', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690', 'display_name': 'Intensive care medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.51155835}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781385661', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677918', 'display_name': 'Acute care', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.47959936}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780378061', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891', 'display_name': 'Service (business)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45544884}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781118164', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1088113', 'display_name': 'Chronic pain', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4136076}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C1862650', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005', 'display_name': 'Physical therapy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.39151818}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C160735492', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207', 'display_name': 'Health care', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.26127607}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42219234', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130', 'display_name': 'Anesthesia', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.1614387}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C141071460', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821', 'display_name': 'Surgery', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.13519803}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C36289849', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749', 'display_name': 'Social science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136264566', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810', 'display_name': 'Economy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144024400', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201', 'display_name': 'Sociology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C50522688', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833', 'display_name': 'Economic growth', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D059408', 'descriptor_name': 'Pain Management', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000639', 'qualifier_name': 'trends', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D059408', 'descriptor_name': 'Pain Management', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000266', 'qualifier_name': 'history', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010149', 'descriptor_name': 'Pain, Postoperative', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000628', 'qualifier_name': 'therapy', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010149', 'descriptor_name': 'Pain, Postoperative', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000517', 'qualifier_name': 'prevention & control', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000698', 'descriptor_name': 'Analgesia', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016058', 'descriptor_name': 'Analgesia, Patient-Controlled', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D059350', 'descriptor_name': 'Chronic Pain', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000517', 'qualifier_name': 'prevention & control', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D059350', 'descriptor_name': 'Chronic Pain', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D049673', 'descriptor_name': 'History, 20th Century', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D049674', 'descriptor_name': 'History, 21st Century', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009407', 'descriptor_name': 'Nerve Block', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D059408', 'descriptor_name': 'Pain Management', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010149', 'descriptor_name': 'Pain, Postoperative', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.2217/pmt.14.48', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764927497', 'display_name': 'Pain Management', 'issn_l': '1758-1869', 'issn': ['1758-1869', '1758-1877'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310321119', 'host_organization_name': 'Future Medicine', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310321119'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Future Medicine'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25537698', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'score': 0.53}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 106, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W141463146', 'https://openalex.org/W1492220811', 'https://openalex.org/W1504991804', 'https://openalex.org/W1548353347', 'https://openalex.org/W1581274200', 'https://openalex.org/W1585014161', 'https://openalex.org/W1598899725', 'https://openalex.org/W1673301128', 'https://openalex.org/W181977696', 'https://openalex.org/W1845622818', 'https://openalex.org/W1883044208', 'https://openalex.org/W1893499323', 'https://openalex.org/W192234595', 'https://openalex.org/W1969301414', 'https://openalex.org/W1970515047', 'https://openalex.org/W1970812959', 'https://openalex.org/W1975440521', 'https://openalex.org/W1984082177', 'https://openalex.org/W1985854946', 'https://openalex.org/W1992347054', 'https://openalex.org/W1995021873', 'https://openalex.org/W1996092968', 'https://openalex.org/W2003448988', 'https://openalex.org/W2003646312', 'https://openalex.org/W2006531022', 'https://openalex.org/W2006616860', 'https://openalex.org/W2015734868', 'https://openalex.org/W2018505740', 'https://openalex.org/W2023026472', 'https://openalex.org/W2024634097', 'https://openalex.org/W2026266417', 'https://openalex.org/W2027306894', 'https://openalex.org/W2032524780', 'https://openalex.org/W2033526149', 'https://openalex.org/W2034104597', 'https://openalex.org/W2035330194', 'https://openalex.org/W2041439514', 'https://openalex.org/W2046055790', 'https://openalex.org/W2047173081', 'https://openalex.org/W2049030383', 'https://openalex.org/W2050007485', 'https://openalex.org/W2053309476', 'https://openalex.org/W2058215179', 'https://openalex.org/W2061189516', 'https://openalex.org/W2061790396', 'https://openalex.org/W2062714394', 'https://openalex.org/W2063338708', 'https://openalex.org/W2065506323', 'https://openalex.org/W2068871523', 'https://openalex.org/W2069068496', 'https://openalex.org/W2072369333', 'https://openalex.org/W2072390028', 'https://openalex.org/W2076922790', 'https://openalex.org/W2082184571', 'https://openalex.org/W2082927421', 'https://openalex.org/W2092191424', 'https://openalex.org/W2096281898', 'https://openalex.org/W2098783907', 'https://openalex.org/W2101836245', 'https://openalex.org/W2102063576', 'https://openalex.org/W2104176820', 'https://openalex.org/W2112224102', 'https://openalex.org/W2118120430', 'https://openalex.org/W2122863606', 'https://openalex.org/W2123439901', 'https://openalex.org/W2124487580', 'https://openalex.org/W2125584861', 'https://openalex.org/W2128999693', 'https://openalex.org/W2132318897', 'https://openalex.org/W2132933081', 'https://openalex.org/W2141885592', 'https://openalex.org/W2142465733', 'https://openalex.org/W2143100418', 'https://openalex.org/W2143790210', 'https://openalex.org/W2144548449', 'https://openalex.org/W2148694444', 'https://openalex.org/W2149252752', 'https://openalex.org/W2151526024', 'https://openalex.org/W2155233219', 'https://openalex.org/W2158179474', 'https://openalex.org/W2159192351', 'https://openalex.org/W2163223201', 'https://openalex.org/W2164953889', 'https://openalex.org/W2165132997', 'https://openalex.org/W2171950624', 'https://openalex.org/W2269594500', 'https://openalex.org/W2326663033', 'https://openalex.org/W2330496155', 'https://openalex.org/W2335569697', 'https://openalex.org/W2401125544', 'https://openalex.org/W2405887519', 'https://openalex.org/W2411329889', 'https://openalex.org/W2417430414', 'https://openalex.org/W2423765521', 'https://openalex.org/W2791937475', 'https://openalex.org/W4211036686', 'https://openalex.org/W4232898107', 'https://openalex.org/W4235487086', 'https://openalex.org/W4235859694', 'https://openalex.org/W4245594287', 'https://openalex.org/W4251750616', 'https://openalex.org/W4253970570', 'https://openalex.org/W4376453663', 'https://openalex.org/W646675042', 'https://openalex.org/W71057974', 'https://openalex.org/W943671085'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4298445736', 'https://openalex.org/W4294010027', 'https://openalex.org/W4247695177', 'https://openalex.org/W4235927344', 'https://openalex.org/W3027695816', 'https://openalex.org/W2977418185', 'https://openalex.org/W2177135035', 'https://openalex.org/W2150884630', 'https://openalex.org/W2049106078', 'https://openalex.org/W2011880399'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Post': [0], 'surgical': [1], 'pain': [2, 16, 24, 32, 73, 91], 'is': [3], 'a': [4], 'continuing': [5], 'major': [6, 54], 'medical': [7], 'challenge': [8], 'despite': [9], 'all': [10, 53], 'the': [11, 18, 29, 62, 69], 'advances': [12], 'in': [13, 52], 'understanding': [14], 'acute': [15, 31, 55], 'and': [17, 42, 44, 68], 'development': [19, 65], 'of': [20, 23, 64, 66, 71], 'new': [21], 'modalities': [22], 'management.': [25, 92], 'Since': [26], '1985': [27], 'when': [28], 'first': [30], 'service': [33], '(APS)': [34], 'was': [35], 'started,': [36], 'many': [37], 'organizations': [38], 'initiated': [39], 'APS': [40, 51, 67], 'protocols': [41], 'guidelines': [43], 'it': [45], 'became': [46], 'mandatory': [47], 'to': [48, 75, 84], 'have': [49], 'an': [50], 'care': [56], 'centers.': [57], 'This': [58], 'review': [59], 'focuses': [60], 'on': [61], 'stages': [63], 'challenges': [70], 'postoperative': [72], 'management': [74], 'provide': [76], 'optimal': [77], 'analgesia.': [78], 'Further': [79], 'clinical': [80], 'studies': [81], 'are': [82], 'required': [83], 'determine': [85], 'best': [86], 'medication': [87], 'regimen': [88], 'for': [89], 'post-operative': [90]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2150884630', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-01T04:09:16.531913', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}