Title: Precipitation bias variability<i>versus</i>various gauges under different climatic conditions over the Third Pole Environment (TPE) region
Abstract: International Journal of ClimatologyVolume 35, Issue 7 p. 1201-1211 RESEARCH ARTICLE Precipitation bias variability versus various gauges under different climatic conditions over the Third Pole Environment (TPE) region Yingzhao Ma, Corresponding Author Yingzhao Ma Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaCorrespondence to: Y. Ma, Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Building 3, Courtyard 16, Lin Cui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorYinsheng Zhang, Yinsheng Zhang Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorDaqing Yang, Daqing Yang National Hydrology Research Centre, Environment Canada, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorSuhaib Bin Farhan, Suhaib Bin Farhan Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author Yingzhao Ma, Corresponding Author Yingzhao Ma Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaCorrespondence to: Y. Ma, Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Building 3, Courtyard 16, Lin Cui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorYinsheng Zhang, Yinsheng Zhang Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorDaqing Yang, Daqing Yang National Hydrology Research Centre, Environment Canada, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorSuhaib Bin Farhan, Suhaib Bin Farhan Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 23 May 2014 https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.4045Citations: 91Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat ABSTRACT An international programme dedicated to the study of the Third Pole Environment (TPE) is now developing. The TPE region is centred on the Tibetan Plateau and concerns the interests of the surrounding countries and regions. To improve input for hydrological research, we collected precipitation data on 241 meteorological stations across the TPE region; these data were obtained from various countries, thus including various types of gauges. Employing the procedure recommended by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), a full version of bias adjustment was applied to the data, including adjustments for wind-induced error, wetting loss, evaporation loss and trace amount for each station. The results reveal that the average annual precipitation has increased considerably from a minimum of 4 mm to a maximum of 409 mm with an overall mean of 27% from the adjustment, the largest bias being found in the Chinese standard precipitation gauge (CSPG) which was used in the central TPE region. In addition, the bias shows variable spatial and temporal patterns in different climate zones throughout this area. It is expected that this study and its results will be beneficial for hydrological and climatic studies over the TPE region. Supporting Information Filename Description joc4045-sup-0001-TableS1.docWord document, 413 KB Table S1: The average annual gauge-observed precipitation and related elements (i.e. maximum, minimum and mean air temperature, and wind speed) for precipitation days at 241 climate stations over the TPE region, 1951–2010. joc4045-sup-0002-TableS2.docWord document, 416 KB Table S2: Yearly summary of bias adjustments of daily precipitation data at 241 climate stations over the TPE region, 1951–2010. joc4045-sup-0003-TableS3.docWord document, 419 KB Table S3: Warm-seasonal (April–September) summary of bias adjustments of daily precipitation data at 241 climate stations over the TPE region, 1951–2010. joc4045-sup-0004-TableS4.docWord document, 418.5 KB Table S4: Cold-seasonal (October–March) summary of bias adjustments of daily precipitation data at 241 climate stations over the TPE region, 1951–2010. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article. References Aaltonen A, Elomaa E, Tuominen A, Valkovuori P. 1993. Measurement of precipitation. In Proceedings of Symposium on Precipitation and Evaporation. Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute: Bratislava, 42–46. Chen H, Zhu QA, Peng CH, Wu N, Wang YF, Fang XQ, Gao YH, Zhu D, Yang G, Tian JQ, Kang XM, Piao SL, Ouyang H, Xiang WH, Luo ZB, Jiang H, Song XZ, Zhang Y, Yu GR, Zhao XQ, Gong P, Yao TD, Wu JH. 2013. The impacts of climate change and human activities on biogeochemical cycles on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Global Change Biol. 19: 2940–2955, DOI: 10.1111/Gcb.12277. Ding B, Yang K, Qin J, Wang L, Chen Y, He X. 2014. The dependence of precipitation types on surface elevation and meteorological conditions and its parameterization. J. Hydrol. 513: 154–163. Essery CI, Wilcock DN. 1991. The variation in rainfall catch from standard UK Meteorological Office raingauges: a twelve year case study. Hydrol. Sci. J. 36: 23–34. Golubev V, Groisman PY, Quayle R. 1992. An evaluation of the US 8-inch nonrecording rain gage at the Valdai polygon, Russia. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. 49: 624–629. Goodison B, Yang D. 1996. In situ measurements of solid precipitation in high latitudes: the need for correction. In Proceedings of ACSYS Solid Precipitation Climatology Project Workshop, WMO/TD. World Meteorological Organization: Geneva, Switzerland, 3–17. Goodison B, Louie P, Yang D. 1998. WMO solid precipitation measurement intercomparison: final report. In Instruments and Observing Methods, WMO/TD. World Meteorological Organization: Geneva, Switzerland. Groisman PY, Koknaeva V, Belokrylova T, Karl T. 1991. Overcoming biases of precipitation measurement: a history of the USSR experience. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 72: 1725–1834. He X, Ye B, Ding Y. 2009. Bias correction for precipitation measurement in Tanggula Mountain Tibetan Plateau. Adv. Water Resour. 20: 403–408. Kang E. 1994. Energy-Water-Mass Balance and Hydrological Discharge, Vol. 45. Geologisches Institut ETH: Zurich, Switzerland, 59–62. Kang E, Shi Y, Yang D, Zhang Y, Zhang G. 1997. An experimental study on runoff formation in the mountainous basin of the Urumqi river. Quat. Sci. 2: 139–146. Karl TR, Quayle RG, Groisman PY. 1993. Detecting climate variations and change: new challenges for observing and data management systems. J. Clim. 6: 1481–1494. Legates DR. 1995. Global and terrestrial precipitation: a comparative assessment of existing climatologies. Int. J. Climatol. 15: 237–258. Legates DR, DeLiberty TL. 1993. Precipitation measurement biases in the United States. J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. 29: 855–861. Legates DR, Willmott CJ. 1990. Mean seasonal and spatial variability in gauge-corrected, global precipitation. Int. J. Climatol. 10: 111–127. Qiu J. 2008. China: the third pole. Nat. News 454: 393–396. Sevruk B. 1982. Methods of Correction for Systematic Error in Point Precipitation Measurement for Operational Use. World Meteorological Organization: Geneva, Switzerland, 589, 91 p. Sevruk B, Klemm S. 1989. Catalogue of National Standard Precipitation Gauges. World Meteorological Organization: Geneva, Switzerland. Sevruk B, Ondrás M, Chvíla B. 2009. The WMO precipitation measurement intercomparisons. Atmos. Res. 92: 376–380. Tang M, Reiter ER. 1984. Plateau monsoons of the Northern Hemisphere: a comparison between North America and Tibet. Mon. Weather Rev. 112: 617–637. Tang M, Cheng G, Lin Z. 1998. Contemporary Climatic Variations over Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) Plateau and Their Influences on Environments. Guangdong Science and Technology Press: Guangzhou, China. Yang D. 1988. Research on Analysis and Correction of Systematic Errors in Precipitation Measurement in Urumqi River basin, Tianshan. PhD Dissertation, Lanzhou Institute of Glaciology and Geocryology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China. Yang D, Ohata T. 2001. A bias-corrected Siberian regional precipitation climatology. J. Hydrometeorol. 2: 122–139. Yang D, Shi Y, Kang E, Zhang Y, Yang X. 1991. Results of solid precipitation measurement intercomparison in the Alpine area of Urumqi river basin. Chin. Sci. Bull. 36: 1105–1109. Yang D, Goodison B, Metcalfe J, Golubev V, Elomaa E, Gunther T, Bates R, Pangburn T, Hanson C, Emerson D. 1995. Accuracy of Tretyakov precipitation gauge: result of WMO intercomparison. Hydrol. Processes 9: 877–895. Yang D, Goodison B, Ishida S, Benson C. 1998. Adjustment of daily precipitation data at 10 climate stations in Alaska: application of World Meteorological Organization intercomparison results. Water Resour. Res. 34: 241–256. Yang D, Ishida S, Goodison B, Gunther T. 1999. Bias correction of daily precipitation measurements for Greenland. J. Geophys. Res.: Atmos. 104(D6): 6171–6181, DOI: 10.1029/1998jd200110. Yang D, Goodison B, Metcalfe J, Louie P, Elomaa E, Hanson C, Golubev V, Gunther T, Milkovic J, Lapin M. 2001. Compatibility evaluation of national precipitation gage measurements. J. Geophys. Res. 106(D2): 1481–1491. Yang D, Kane D, Zhang Z, Legates D, Goodison B. 2005. Bias-corrections of long-term (1973–2004) daily precipitation data over the northern regions. Geophys. Res. Lett. 32: L19501, DOI: 10.1029/2005GL024057. Yang K, Ye B, Zhou D, Wu B, Foken T, Qin J, Zhou Z. 2011. Response of hydrological cycle to recent climate changes in the Tibetan Plateau. Clim. Change 109: 517–534, DOI: 10.1007/s10584-011-0099-4. Yao T, Thompson L, Yang W, Yu W, Gao Y, Guo X, Yang X, Duan K, Zhao H, Xu B, Pu J, Lu A, Xiang Y, Kattel D, Joswiak D. 2012. Different glacier status with atmospheric circulations in Tibetan Plateau and surroundings. Nat. Clim. Change 2: 663–667, DOI: 10.1038/Nclimate1580. Ye B, Yang D, Ding Y, Han T, Koike T. 2004. A bias-corrected precipitation climatology for China. J. Hydrometeorol. 5: 1147–1160. You Q, Kang S, Ren G, Fraedrich K, Pepin N, Yan Y, Ma L. 2011. Observed changes in snow depth and number of snow days in the eastern and central Tibetan Plateau. Clim. Res. 46: 171–183, DOI: 10.3354/cr00985. You Q, Fraedrich K, Ren G, Ye B, Meng X, Kang S. 2012. Inconsistencies of precipitation in the eastern and central Tibetan Plateau between surface adjusted data and reanalysis. Theor. Appl. Climatol. 109: 485–496, DOI: 10.1007/s00704-012-0594-1. Zhang Y, Ohata T, Yang D, Davaa G. 2004. Bias correction of daily precipitation measurements for Mongolia. Hydrol. Processes 18: 2991–3005. Zhu X, Wang W, Fraedrich K. 2013. Future climate in the Tibetan Plateau from a statistical regional climate model. J. Clim. 26(24): 10125–10138. Citing Literature Volume35, Issue715 June 2015Pages 1201-1211 ReferencesRelatedInformation
Publication Year: 2014
Publication Date: 2014-05-23
Language: en
Type: article
Indexed In: ['crossref']
Access and Citation
Cited By Count: 124
AI Researcher Chatbot
Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot