Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2150710339', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/29.5.1097', 'title': 'Radical SAM, a novel protein superfamily linking unresolved steps in familiar biosynthetic pathways with radical mechanisms: functional characterization using new analysis and information visualization methods', 'display_name': 'Radical SAM, a novel protein superfamily linking unresolved steps in familiar biosynthetic pathways with radical mechanisms: functional characterization using new analysis and information visualization methods', 'publication_year': 2001, 'publication_date': '2001-03-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2150710339', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/29.5.1097', 'mag': '2150710339', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11222759', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/29726'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/29.5.1097', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S134668137', 'display_name': 'Nucleic Acids Research', 'issn_l': '0305-1048', 'issn': ['0305-1048', '1362-4954', '1362-4962'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648', 'host_organization_name': 'Oxford University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311647', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Oxford', 'Oxford University Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/29.5.1097', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5022451638', 'display_name': 'Heidi J. Sofia', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4990-5877'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2801280572', 'display_name': 'Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04rc0xn13', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1325736334', 'https://openalex.org/I1330989302', 'https://openalex.org/I142606810', 'https://openalex.org/I2801280572', 'https://openalex.org/I39565521']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I142606810', 'display_name': 'Pacific Northwest National Laboratory', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05h992307', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1325736334', 'https://openalex.org/I1330989302', 'https://openalex.org/I142606810', 'https://openalex.org/I39565521']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'H J Sofia', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Applied Mathematics, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. [email protected]'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Applied Mathematics, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. [email protected]', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2801280572', 'https://openalex.org/I142606810']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5076803135', 'display_name': 'G Chen', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'G Chen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5097232287', 'display_name': 'B G Hetzler', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'B G Hetzler', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5097149282', 'display_name': 'J F Reyes-Spindola', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'J F Reyes-Spindola', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5109036295', 'display_name': 'N E Miller', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'N E Miller', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3630, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3630, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 47.538, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 983, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999739, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '29', 'issue': '5', 'first_page': '1097', 'last_page': '1106'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13127', 'display_name': 'Biotin and Related Studies', 'score': 0.999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1307', 'display_name': 'Cell Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13127', 'display_name': 'Biotin and Related Studies', 'score': 0.999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1307', 'display_name': 'Cell Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11626', 'display_name': 'Metalloenzymes and iron-sulfur proteins', 'score': 0.9983, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2105', 'display_name': 'Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/21', 'display_name': 'Energy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11440', 'display_name': 'Click Chemistry and Applications', 'score': 0.9961, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1605', 'display_name': 'Organic Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/16', 'display_name': 'Chemistry'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/major-facilitator-superfamily', 'display_name': 'Major facilitator superfamily', 'score': 0.42836487}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.7230857}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.65208936}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C203075996', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677', 'display_name': 'Operon', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.42906046}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62465871', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1886097', 'display_name': 'Major facilitator superfamily', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.42836487}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C47701112', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735188', 'display_name': 'Protein structure', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41886035}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C197957613', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407280', 'display_name': 'Cofactor', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4182093}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C181199279', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047', 'display_name': 'Enzyme', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.29506963}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C143065580', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3285695', 'display_name': 'Mutant', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.24604988}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.10747525}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D012436', 'descriptor_name': 'S-Adenosylmethionine', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000595', 'descriptor_name': 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016208', 'descriptor_name': 'Databases, Factual', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005609', 'descriptor_name': 'Free Radicals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008969', 'descriptor_name': 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010802', 'descriptor_name': 'Phylogeny', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011506', 'descriptor_name': 'Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011506', 'descriptor_name': 'Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012436', 'descriptor_name': 'S-Adenosylmethionine', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012436', 'descriptor_name': 'S-Adenosylmethionine', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012436', 'descriptor_name': 'S-Adenosylmethionine', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016415', 'descriptor_name': 'Sequence Alignment', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017386', 'descriptor_name': 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 4, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/29.5.1097', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S134668137', 'display_name': 'Nucleic Acids Research', 'issn_l': '0305-1048', 'issn': ['0305-1048', '1362-4954', '1362-4962'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648', 'host_organization_name': 'Oxford University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311647', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Oxford', 'Oxford University Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc29726', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc29726?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC29726', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11222759', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/29.5.1097', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S134668137', 'display_name': 'Nucleic Acids Research', 'issn_l': '0305-1048', 'issn': ['0305-1048', '1362-4954', '1362-4962'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648', 'host_organization_name': 'Oxford University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311647', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Oxford', 'Oxford University Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 68, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1481273063', 'https://openalex.org/W1521414998', 'https://openalex.org/W1568509848', 'https://openalex.org/W1589110483', 'https://openalex.org/W1607445214', 'https://openalex.org/W1710511026', 'https://openalex.org/W1902011139', 'https://openalex.org/W1909433302', 'https://openalex.org/W1922591651', 'https://openalex.org/W1968305696', 'https://openalex.org/W1969995117', 'https://openalex.org/W1970279804', 'https://openalex.org/W1976545490', 'https://openalex.org/W1983081312', 'https://openalex.org/W1985876838', 'https://openalex.org/W1988315907', 'https://openalex.org/W1990836062', 'https://openalex.org/W2000730583', 'https://openalex.org/W2001628517', 'https://openalex.org/W2003853681', 'https://openalex.org/W2005585005', 'https://openalex.org/W2006594847', 'https://openalex.org/W2008754453', 'https://openalex.org/W2017732599', 'https://openalex.org/W2021602499', 'https://openalex.org/W2025787714', 'https://openalex.org/W2029216779', 'https://openalex.org/W2029539382', 'https://openalex.org/W2039846678', 'https://openalex.org/W2040907734', 'https://openalex.org/W2045516960', 'https://openalex.org/W2046880458', 'https://openalex.org/W2049275258', 'https://openalex.org/W2052603675', 'https://openalex.org/W2062567344', 'https://openalex.org/W2069192355', 'https://openalex.org/W2069649399', 'https://openalex.org/W2076007552', 'https://openalex.org/W2085922751', 'https://openalex.org/W2086050593', 'https://openalex.org/W2092813613', 'https://openalex.org/W2096079655', 'https://openalex.org/W2102770606', 'https://openalex.org/W2116225082', 'https://openalex.org/W2121699726', 'https://openalex.org/W2127321094', 'https://openalex.org/W2129921499', 'https://openalex.org/W2130143168', 'https://openalex.org/W2131105067', 'https://openalex.org/W2134043769', 'https://openalex.org/W2135227559', 'https://openalex.org/W2141018272', 'https://openalex.org/W2143535440', 'https://openalex.org/W2146872957', 'https://openalex.org/W2149669489', 'https://openalex.org/W2151831732', 'https://openalex.org/W2153958932', 'https://openalex.org/W2158163727', 'https://openalex.org/W2158714788', 'https://openalex.org/W2158730144', 'https://openalex.org/W2162056835', 'https://openalex.org/W2167428141', 'https://openalex.org/W2171302056', 'https://openalex.org/W2314415344', 'https://openalex.org/W2342172145', 'https://openalex.org/W2415459041', 'https://openalex.org/W2612166593', 'https://openalex.org/W3141454743'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4366986962', 'https://openalex.org/W2998362109', 'https://openalex.org/W2965489160', 'https://openalex.org/W2598794507', 'https://openalex.org/W2595628180', 'https://openalex.org/W2396341490', 'https://openalex.org/W2381084554', 'https://openalex.org/W2098689981', 'https://openalex.org/W2057575397', 'https://openalex.org/W1509744189'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'A': [0], 'novel': [1], 'protein': [2, 94], 'superfamily': [3, 44], 'with': [4, 16], 'over': [5], '600': [6], 'members': [7, 138], 'was': [8], 'discovered': [9], 'by': [10, 32], 'iterative': [11], 'profile': [12], 'searches': [13], 'and': [14, 19, 67, 93, 105, 108, 117, 152, 159, 182], 'analyzed': [15], 'powerful': [17], 'bioinformatics': [18], 'information': [20], 'visualization': [21], 'methods.': [22], 'Evidence': [23], 'exists': [24], 'that': [25, 51], 'these': [26], 'proteins': [27, 79, 168], 'generate': [28], 'a': [29, 57, 120], 'radical': [30, 95], 'species': [31], 'reductive': [33], 'cleavage': [34], 'of': [35, 59, 189], 'S-adenosylmethionine': [36], '(SAM)': [37], 'through': [38], 'an': [39, 69, 186], 'unusual': [40, 84], 'Fe-S': [41], 'center.': [42], 'The': [43], '(named': [45], 'here': [46], 'Radical': [47, 77], 'SAM)': [48], 'provides': [49], 'evidence': [50], 'radical-based': [52], 'catalysis': [53], 'is': [54, 115, 118, 127], 'important': [55], 'in': [56, 99, 109], 'number': [58], 'previously': [60, 140], 'well-': [61], 'studied': [62], 'but': [63], 'unresolved': [64], 'biochemical': [65, 183], 'pathways': [66], 'reflects': [68], 'ancient': [70], 'conserved': [71], 'mechanistic': [72], 'approach': [73], 'to': [74, 129], 'difficult': [75], 'chemistries.': [76], 'SAM': [78], 'catalyze': [80], 'diverse': [81], 'reactions,': [82], 'including': [83], 'methylations,': [85], 'isomerization,': [86], 'sulfur': [87], 'insertion,': [88], 'ring': [89], 'formation,': [90], 'anaerobic': [91, 160], 'oxidation': [92], 'formation.': [96], 'They': [97], 'function': [98], 'DNA': [100], 'precursor,': [101], 'vitamin,': [102], 'cofactor,': [103], 'antibiotic': [104], 'herbicide': [106], 'biosynthesis': [107], 'biodegradation': [110], 'pathways.': [111], 'One': [112], 'eukaryotic': [113], 'member': [114], 'interferon-inducible': [116], 'considered': [119], 'candidate': [121], 'drug': [122], 'target': [123], 'for': [124, 156, 166], 'osteoporosis;': [125], 'another': [126], 'observed': [128], 'bind': [130], 'the': [131, 153], 'neuronal': [132], 'Cdk5': [133], 'activator': [134], 'protein.': [135], 'Five': [136], 'defining': [137], 'not': [139], 'recognized': [141], 'as': [142, 178], 'homologs': [143], 'are': [144, 169], 'lysine': [145], '2,3-aminomutase,': [146], 'biotin': [147], 'synthase,': [148], 'lipoic': [149], 'acid': [150], 'synthase': [151], 'activating': [154], 'enzymes': [155], 'pyruvate': [157], 'formate-lyase': [158], 'ribonucleotide': [161], 'reductase.': [162], 'Two': [163], 'functional': [164], 'predictions': [165], 'unknown': [167], 'made': [170], 'based': [171], 'on': [172], 'integrating': [173], 'other': [174], 'data': [175], 'types': [176], 'such': [177], 'motif,': [179], 'domain,': [180], 'operon': [181], 'pathway': [184], 'into': [185], 'organized': [187], 'view': [188], 'similarity': [190], 'relationships.': [191]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2150710339', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 34}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 39}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 46}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 49}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 45}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 29}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 44}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 40}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 46}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 39}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 49}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 40}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 52}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-12T00:58:36.306265', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}