Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2150490516', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.genet.41.110306.130350', 'title': 'How Shelterin Protects Mammalian Telomeres', 'display_name': 'How Shelterin Protects Mammalian Telomeres', 'publication_year': 2008, 'publication_date': '2008-12-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2150490516', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.genet.41.110306.130350', 'mag': '2150490516', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18680434'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.genet.41.110306.130350', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S92134727', 'display_name': 'Annual Review of Genetics', 'issn_l': '0066-4197', 'issn': ['0066-4197', '1545-2948'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320373', 'host_organization_name': 'Annual Reviews', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320373'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Annual Reviews'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5007174422', 'display_name': 'Wilhelm Palm', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0612-770X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210159854', 'display_name': 'Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05b8d3w18', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149899117', 'https://openalex.org/I4210159854']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Wilhelm Palm', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Current address: Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Current address: Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210159854']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5065113600', 'display_name': 'Titia de Lange', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9267-367X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I83399316', 'display_name': 'Rockefeller University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0420db125', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I83399316']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Titia de Lange', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Laboratory for Cell Biology and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021;'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Laboratory for Cell Biology and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021;', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I83399316']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 15.167, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 1717, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.998997, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '42', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '301', 'last_page': '334'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10937', 'display_name': 'Cellular Senescence and Aging-Related Diseases', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2737', 'display_name': 'Physiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10937', 'display_name': 'Cellular Senescence and Aging-Related Diseases', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2737', 'display_name': 'Physiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10123', 'display_name': 'Molecular Mechanisms of DNA Damage Response', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11841', 'display_name': 'Structure and Function of the Nuclear Pore Complex', 'score': 0.9957, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/shelterin', 'display_name': 'Shelterin', 'score': 0.91035205}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/nucleoprotein', 'display_name': 'Nucleoprotein', 'score': 0.4857486}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-cycle-checkpoints', 'display_name': 'Cell Cycle Checkpoints', 'score': 0.461963}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/telomere-binding-protein', 'display_name': 'Telomere-binding protein', 'score': 0.42051664}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776879488', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3959366', 'display_name': 'Shelterin', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.91035205}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C177336024', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14872779', 'display_name': 'Telomere', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.88418484}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.8497391}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C80116771', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5408688', 'display_name': 'Eukaryotic chromosome fine structure', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.69885737}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C94581717', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331839', 'display_name': 'Telomerase', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.65834844}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C141231307', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020', 'display_name': 'Genome', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5564612}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5450005}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C60325843', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419245', 'display_name': 'Nucleoprotein', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4857486}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202265312', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7697810', 'display_name': 'Telomere-binding protein', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.42051664}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C552990157', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430', 'display_name': 'DNA', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41388935}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C22744801', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172778', 'display_name': 'Plasmid', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.41224474}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95444343', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141', 'display_name': 'Cell biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.40951735}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C94966510', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2252764', 'display_name': 'DNA-binding protein', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.167512}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.16508868}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86339819', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384', 'display_name': 'Transcription factor', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D016615', 'descriptor_name': 'Telomere', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016615', 'descriptor_name': 'Telomere', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D034501', 'descriptor_name': 'Telomere-Binding Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001483', 'descriptor_name': 'Base Sequence', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004247', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004247', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004249', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA Damage', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004260', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA Repair', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005057', 'descriptor_name': 'Eukaryotic Cells', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008954', 'descriptor_name': 'Models, Biological', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008958', 'descriptor_name': 'Models, Molecular', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D046912', 'descriptor_name': 'Multiprotein Complexes', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012097', 'descriptor_name': 'Repressor Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012097', 'descriptor_name': 'Repressor Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012097', 'descriptor_name': 'Repressor Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012097', 'descriptor_name': 'Repressor Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000089804', 'descriptor_name': 'Shelterin Complex', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015398', 'descriptor_name': 'Signal Transduction', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016615', 'descriptor_name': 'Telomere', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D034501', 'descriptor_name': 'Telomere-Binding Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D034501', 'descriptor_name': 'Telomere-Binding Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D034501', 'descriptor_name': 'Telomere-Binding Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.genet.41.110306.130350', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S92134727', 'display_name': 'Annual Review of Genetics', 'issn_l': '0066-4197', 'issn': ['0066-4197', '1545-2948'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320373', 'host_organization_name': 'Annual Reviews', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320373'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Annual Reviews'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18680434', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15', 'score': 0.45, 'display_name': 'Life on land'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 211, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W10876090', 'https://openalex.org/W115769310', 'https://openalex.org/W128200673', 'https://openalex.org/W1485522487', 'https://openalex.org/W1497143641', 'https://openalex.org/W1545080826', 'https://openalex.org/W1593021735', 'https://openalex.org/W1852455217', 'https://openalex.org/W1927581912', 'https://openalex.org/W1942306459', 'https://openalex.org/W1963706509', 'https://openalex.org/W1965019589', 'https://openalex.org/W1965612858', 'https://openalex.org/W1965695542', 'https://openalex.org/W1966149222', 'https://openalex.org/W1970801073', 'https://openalex.org/W1970891016', 'https://openalex.org/W1971503458', 'https://openalex.org/W1971708555', 'https://openalex.org/W1972192032', 'https://openalex.org/W1972655555', 'https://openalex.org/W1973544851', 'https://openalex.org/W1978002329', 'https://openalex.org/W1979164620', 'https://openalex.org/W1979609161', 'https://openalex.org/W1980263741', 'https://openalex.org/W1980850567', 'https://openalex.org/W1982199027', 'https://openalex.org/W1983548593', 'https://openalex.org/W1983982473', 'https://openalex.org/W1984545450', 'https://openalex.org/W1985910710', 'https://openalex.org/W1986492221', 'https://openalex.org/W1986659195', 'https://openalex.org/W1986808310', 'https://openalex.org/W1987643363', 'https://openalex.org/W1988669405', 'https://openalex.org/W1989465302', 'https://openalex.org/W1990294201', 'https://openalex.org/W1990507848', 'https://openalex.org/W1993745063', 'https://openalex.org/W1994060558', 'https://openalex.org/W1994277807', 'https://openalex.org/W1995365852', 'https://openalex.org/W1996831741', 'https://openalex.org/W1998000773', 'https://openalex.org/W1998335196', 'https://openalex.org/W1999334180', 'https://openalex.org/W2000316470', 'https://openalex.org/W2000971601', 'https://openalex.org/W2001828972', 'https://openalex.org/W2003329302', 'https://openalex.org/W2003446723', 'https://openalex.org/W2004561527', 'https://openalex.org/W2005432957', 'https://openalex.org/W2007452601', 'https://openalex.org/W2007919127', 'https://openalex.org/W2008907352', 'https://openalex.org/W2011862425', 'https://openalex.org/W2011882274', 'https://openalex.org/W2012677653', 'https://openalex.org/W2013073993', 'https://openalex.org/W2014013625', 'https://openalex.org/W2015414930', 'https://openalex.org/W2017606844', 'https://openalex.org/W2018882391', 'https://openalex.org/W2019622456', 'https://openalex.org/W2021489383', 'https://openalex.org/W2022013301', 'https://openalex.org/W2022811243', 'https://openalex.org/W2025662299', 'https://openalex.org/W2026856852', 'https://openalex.org/W2028110618', 'https://openalex.org/W2028320710', 'https://openalex.org/W2029869636', 'https://openalex.org/W2029893080', 'https://openalex.org/W2032407757', 'https://openalex.org/W2032762208', 'https://openalex.org/W2033731825', 'https://openalex.org/W2035389897', 'https://openalex.org/W2038421379', 'https://openalex.org/W2038661569', 'https://openalex.org/W2043740004', 'https://openalex.org/W2043745412', 'https://openalex.org/W2045125264', 'https://openalex.org/W2046316015', 'https://openalex.org/W2047330128', 'https://openalex.org/W2047832668', 'https://openalex.org/W2047976989', 'https://openalex.org/W2049992533', 'https://openalex.org/W2050674095', 'https://openalex.org/W2051990601', 'https://openalex.org/W2053496633', 'https://openalex.org/W2053556250', 'https://openalex.org/W2053620236', 'https://openalex.org/W2053875211', 'https://openalex.org/W2054073715', 'https://openalex.org/W2057092384', 'https://openalex.org/W2058197513', 'https://openalex.org/W2058375396', 'https://openalex.org/W2061900171', 'https://openalex.org/W2062862214', 'https://openalex.org/W2064727462', 'https://openalex.org/W2068470198', 'https://openalex.org/W2072744580', 'https://openalex.org/W2073601508', 'https://openalex.org/W2075626800', 'https://openalex.org/W2076825355', 'https://openalex.org/W2078502421', 'https://openalex.org/W2079378073', 'https://openalex.org/W2079942516', 'https://openalex.org/W2080032853', 'https://openalex.org/W2080045652', 'https://openalex.org/W2081588967', 'https://openalex.org/W2081944825', 'https://openalex.org/W2082183198', 'https://openalex.org/W2083410711', 'https://openalex.org/W2084960769', 'https://openalex.org/W2085829147', 'https://openalex.org/W2086992094', 'https://openalex.org/W2087011288', 'https://openalex.org/W2088672106', 'https://openalex.org/W2091035877', 'https://openalex.org/W2091422977', 'https://openalex.org/W2093109424', 'https://openalex.org/W2094556673', 'https://openalex.org/W2094922096', 'https://openalex.org/W2094950317', 'https://openalex.org/W2099209020', 'https://openalex.org/W2100550233', 'https://openalex.org/W2102839588', 'https://openalex.org/W2103202621', 'https://openalex.org/W2105935072', 'https://openalex.org/W2106996266', 'https://openalex.org/W2107042037', 'https://openalex.org/W2107175910', 'https://openalex.org/W2108482850', 'https://openalex.org/W2109251465', 'https://openalex.org/W2110003471', 'https://openalex.org/W2110419228', 'https://openalex.org/W2110736059', 'https://openalex.org/W2110761051', 'https://openalex.org/W2111723163', 'https://openalex.org/W2111772438', 'https://openalex.org/W2112671059', 'https://openalex.org/W2113168077', 'https://openalex.org/W2113239996', 'https://openalex.org/W2113987241', 'https://openalex.org/W2114551234', 'https://openalex.org/W2116282320', 'https://openalex.org/W2116463355', 'https://openalex.org/W2117758622', 'https://openalex.org/W2117981680', 'https://openalex.org/W2119463579', 'https://openalex.org/W2119970042', 'https://openalex.org/W2120077024', 'https://openalex.org/W2121272379', 'https://openalex.org/W2122740168', 'https://openalex.org/W2123105653', 'https://openalex.org/W2123639013', 'https://openalex.org/W2124145893', 'https://openalex.org/W2125194621', 'https://openalex.org/W2125250665', 'https://openalex.org/W2125663907', 'https://openalex.org/W2126564248', 'https://openalex.org/W2126815966', 'https://openalex.org/W2126971349', 'https://openalex.org/W2127440297', 'https://openalex.org/W2127539269', 'https://openalex.org/W2127972823', 'https://openalex.org/W2128609472', 'https://openalex.org/W2129031151', 'https://openalex.org/W2129428112', 'https://openalex.org/W2130600682', 'https://openalex.org/W2131549919', 'https://openalex.org/W2135597217', 'https://openalex.org/W2136986586', 'https://openalex.org/W2138398263', 'https://openalex.org/W2138749418', 'https://openalex.org/W2139893790', 'https://openalex.org/W2140101719', 'https://openalex.org/W2140944222', 'https://openalex.org/W2141157651', 'https://openalex.org/W2141251434', 'https://openalex.org/W2141723290', 'https://openalex.org/W2142979042', 'https://openalex.org/W2145344158', 'https://openalex.org/W2145569576', 'https://openalex.org/W2145732039', 'https://openalex.org/W2145818666', 'https://openalex.org/W2145952889', 'https://openalex.org/W2147499861', 'https://openalex.org/W2147765162', 'https://openalex.org/W2148949291', 'https://openalex.org/W2149136779', 'https://openalex.org/W2151247653', 'https://openalex.org/W2151656619', 'https://openalex.org/W2152093387', 'https://openalex.org/W2152460540', 'https://openalex.org/W2154468838', 'https://openalex.org/W2155112342', 'https://openalex.org/W2155983703', 'https://openalex.org/W2157642353', 'https://openalex.org/W2159094470', 'https://openalex.org/W2159349156', 'https://openalex.org/W2159439902', 'https://openalex.org/W2160185049', 'https://openalex.org/W2160618567', 'https://openalex.org/W2161869277', 'https://openalex.org/W2162227162', 'https://openalex.org/W2551661175'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4389612375', 'https://openalex.org/W3200119798', 'https://openalex.org/W2801481011', 'https://openalex.org/W2575544787', 'https://openalex.org/W2402779763', 'https://openalex.org/W2275484867', 'https://openalex.org/W2033633647', 'https://openalex.org/W2018887043', 'https://openalex.org/W1967494092', 'https://openalex.org/W1862679710'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0], 'genomes': [1, 21], 'of': [2, 22, 44, 52, 83], 'prokaryotes': [3], 'and': [4, 14, 34, 55, 88, 105, 110, 118], 'eukaryotic': [5], 'organelles': [6], 'are': [7, 11, 24], 'usually': [8], 'circular': [9], 'as': [10], 'most': [12], 'plasmids': [13], 'viral': [15], 'genomes.': [16], 'In': [17], 'contrast,': [18], 'the': [19, 42, 50, 57, 61, 84, 103], 'nuclear': [20], 'eukaryotes': [23], 'organized': [25], 'on': [26], 'linear': [27, 53], 'chromosomes,': [28, 54], 'which': [29], 'require': [30], 'mechanisms': [31], 'to': [32, 76], 'protect': [33, 77], 'replicate': [35], 'DNA': [36, 62, 85], 'ends.': [37], 'Eukaryotes': [38], 'navigate': [39], 'these': [40, 64], 'problemswith': [41], 'advent': [43], 'telomeres,': [45], 'protective': [46], 'nucleoprotein': [47], 'complexes': [48], 'at': [49], 'ends': [51, 79, 113], 'telomerase,': [56], 'enzyme': [58], 'that': [59, 74], 'maintains': [60], 'in': [63], 'structures.': [65], 'Mammalian': [66], 'telomeres': [67], 'contain': [68], 'a': [69], 'specific': [70], 'protein': [71], 'complex,': [72], 'shelterin,': [73], 'functions': [75], 'chromosome': [78, 112], 'from': [80, 114], 'all': [81], 'aspects': [82], 'damage': [86], 'response': [87], 'regulates': [89], 'telomere': [90], 'maintenance': [91], 'by': [92], 'telomerase.': [93], 'Recent': [94], 'experiments,': [95], 'discussed': [96], 'here,': [97], 'have': [98], 'revealed': [99], 'how': [100], 'shelterin': [101], 'represses': [102], 'ATM': [104], 'ATR': [106], 'kinase': [107], 'signaling': [108], 'pathways': [109], 'hides': [111], 'nonhomologous': [115], 'end': [116], 'joining': [117], 'homology-directed': [119], 'repair.': [120]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2150490516', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 44}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 57}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 74}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 108}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 86}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 122}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 125}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 131}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 125}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 137}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 135}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 125}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 132}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-16T03:52:39.199293', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}