Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2149333078', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.55.11.2689-2694.1987', 'title': 'Role of anaerobic flora in the translocation of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic intestinal bacteria', 'display_name': 'Role of anaerobic flora in the translocation of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic intestinal bacteria', 'publication_year': 1987, 'publication_date': '1987-11-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2149333078', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.55.11.2689-2694.1987', 'mag': '2149333078', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3666959', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/259962'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.55.11.2689-2694.1987', 'pdf_url': 'https://iai.asm.org/content/iai/55/11/2689.full.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S128227336', 'display_name': 'Infection and Immunity', 'issn_l': '0019-9567', 'issn': ['0019-9567', '1070-6313', '1098-5522'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320263', 'host_organization_name': 'American Society for Microbiology', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320263'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Society for Microbiology'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://iai.asm.org/content/iai/55/11/2689.full.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5109216511', 'display_name': 'C. L. Wells', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I130238516', 'display_name': 'University of Minnesota', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/017zqws13', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I130238516']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'C L Wells', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I130238516']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5065279648', 'display_name': 'Michael A. Maddaus', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I130238516', 'display_name': 'University of Minnesota', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/017zqws13', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I130238516']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'M A Maddaus', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I130238516']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5111834725', 'display_name': 'C. Michael Reynolds', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I130238516', 'display_name': 'University of Minnesota', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/017zqws13', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I130238516']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'C M Reynolds', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I130238516']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5111404971', 'display_name': 'R. P. Jechorek', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I130238516', 'display_name': 'University of Minnesota', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/017zqws13', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I130238516']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'R P Jechorek', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I130238516']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5108903982', 'display_name': 'Richard L. Simmons', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I130238516', 'display_name': 'University of Minnesota', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/017zqws13', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I130238516']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'R L Simmons', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I130238516']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 5.956, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 156, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.994552, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '55', 'issue': '11', 'first_page': '2689', 'last_page': '2694'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11288', 'display_name': 'Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2725', 'display_name': 'Infectious Diseases'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11288', 'display_name': 'Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2725', 'display_name': 'Infectious Diseases'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10066', 'display_name': 'Gut microbiota and health', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10147', 'display_name': 'Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria', 'score': 0.9986, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1313', 'display_name': 'Molecular Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/mesenteric-lymph-nodes', 'display_name': 'Mesenteric lymph nodes', 'score': 0.5255909}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/aerobic-bacteria', 'display_name': 'Aerobic bacteria', 'score': 0.50625837}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/bacitracin', 'display_name': 'Bacitracin', 'score': 0.47118783}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/pathogenic-bacteria', 'display_name': 'Pathogenic bacteria', 'score': 0.42546675}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/colonisation-resistance', 'display_name': 'Colonisation resistance', 'score': 0.41777617}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cecum', 'display_name': 'Cecum', 'score': 0.4123485}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C89423630', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193', 'display_name': 'Microbiology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.8457811}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.8020487}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C523546767', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876', 'display_name': 'Bacteria', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.72761625}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2992397963', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189790', 'display_name': 'Anaerobic bacteria', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.72717524}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778168646', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133186', 'display_name': 'Bacteroides', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5327392}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779237934', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7643652', 'display_name': 'Mesenteric lymph nodes', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5255909}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2994600331', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193124', 'display_name': 'Aerobic bacteria', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.50625837}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779860364', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61954719', 'display_name': 'Bacitracin', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.47118783}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2775843808', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192717', 'display_name': 'Streptomycin', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.43509713}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778883795', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q804517', 'display_name': 'Pathogenic bacteria', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.42546675}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C547475151', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25419', 'display_name': 'Escherichia coli', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.42126885}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C189506811', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5148442', 'display_name': 'Colonisation resistance', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.41777617}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777507495', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185317', 'display_name': 'Cecum', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4123485}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C501593827', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187', 'display_name': 'Antibiotics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.3482396}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C203014093', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929', 'display_name': 'Immunology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.09585887}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780931953', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9371', 'display_name': 'Spleen', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.08459774}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.05421409}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D001420', 'descriptor_name': 'Bacteria, Aerobic', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001421', 'descriptor_name': 'Bacteria, Anaerobic', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007413', 'descriptor_name': 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000382', 'qualifier_name': 'microbiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000284', 'descriptor_name': 'Administration, Oral', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001414', 'descriptor_name': 'Bacitracin', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000008', 'qualifier_name': 'administration & dosage', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001414', 'descriptor_name': 'Bacitracin', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001420', 'descriptor_name': 'Bacteria, Aerobic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001421', 'descriptor_name': 'Bacteria, Anaerobic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002432', 'descriptor_name': 'Cecum', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000382', 'qualifier_name': 'microbiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002432', 'descriptor_name': 'Cecum', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007263', 'descriptor_name': 'Infusions, Parenteral', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007413', 'descriptor_name': 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008198', 'descriptor_name': 'Lymph Nodes', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000382', 'qualifier_name': 'microbiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008198', 'descriptor_name': 'Lymph Nodes', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008795', 'descriptor_name': 'Metronidazole', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000008', 'qualifier_name': 'administration & dosage', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008795', 'descriptor_name': 'Metronidazole', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051381', 'descriptor_name': 'Rats', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013307', 'descriptor_name': 'Streptomycin', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000008', 'qualifier_name': 'administration & dosage', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013307', 'descriptor_name': 'Streptomycin', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 4, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.55.11.2689-2694.1987', 'pdf_url': 'https://iai.asm.org/content/iai/55/11/2689.full.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S128227336', 'display_name': 'Infection and Immunity', 'issn_l': '0019-9567', 'issn': ['0019-9567', '1070-6313', '1098-5522'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320263', 'host_organization_name': 'American Society for Microbiology', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320263'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Society for Microbiology'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc259962', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc259962?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC259962', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3666959', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.55.11.2689-2694.1987', 'pdf_url': 'https://iai.asm.org/content/iai/55/11/2689.full.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S128227336', 'display_name': 'Infection and Immunity', 'issn_l': '0019-9567', 'issn': ['0019-9567', '1070-6313', '1098-5522'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320263', 'host_organization_name': 'American Society for Microbiology', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320263'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Society for Microbiology'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 24, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1601420869', 'https://openalex.org/W1905885715', 'https://openalex.org/W1907372042', 'https://openalex.org/W1911021749', 'https://openalex.org/W1936804077', 'https://openalex.org/W1951873137', 'https://openalex.org/W1952384394', 'https://openalex.org/W1959757802', 'https://openalex.org/W2000679823', 'https://openalex.org/W2009060883', 'https://openalex.org/W2030190075', 'https://openalex.org/W2033964316', 'https://openalex.org/W2041098012', 'https://openalex.org/W2063005009', 'https://openalex.org/W2063703864', 'https://openalex.org/W2064048290', 'https://openalex.org/W2067242792', 'https://openalex.org/W2080505802', 'https://openalex.org/W2088502944', 'https://openalex.org/W2113792102', 'https://openalex.org/W2125313483', 'https://openalex.org/W2167573625', 'https://openalex.org/W2234991603', 'https://openalex.org/W2318541103'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2504937583', 'https://openalex.org/W2407218236', 'https://openalex.org/W2365331297', 'https://openalex.org/W2321771156', 'https://openalex.org/W1990911408', 'https://openalex.org/W1974306076', 'https://openalex.org/W172551025', 'https://openalex.org/W1644852721', 'https://openalex.org/W1481801979', 'https://openalex.org/W120126035'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'It': [0], 'is': [1], 'thought': [2], 'that': [3, 138, 215], 'the': [4, 29, 36, 45, 65, 139, 146, 149, 171, 174, 178, 197, 230], 'normal': [5], 'enteric': [6], 'microflora': [7], 'acts': [8], 'not': [9], 'only': [10, 121], 'to': [11, 17, 53, 187, 196, 218], 'prevent': [12, 18], 'intestinal': [13, 37, 59, 131, 150, 182, 200, 231], 'colonization': [14, 201, 232], 'but': [15], 'also': [16], 'subsequent': [19], 'systemic': [20], 'dissemination': [21, 129, 235], 'of': [22, 32, 35, 44, 58, 105, 128, 130, 142, 148, 173, 181, 204, 236], 'ingested,': [23], 'potentially': [24], 'pathogenic': [25], 'bacteria.': [26, 60, 116, 152, 183], 'To': [27], 'determine': [28], 'relative': [30], 'roles': [31], 'specific': [33, 56], 'components': [34], 'bacterial': [38, 41, 100, 222], 'flora': [39, 63], 'in': [40, 68, 192, 216, 228], 'translocation': [42, 147, 172, 203], 'out': [43], 'gut,': [46], 'mice': [47, 123], 'were': [48, 72, 167], 'given': [49], 'various': [50], 'antimicrobial': [51], 'agents': [52], 'selectively': [54, 88, 112], 'eliminate': [55], 'groups': [57, 223], 'The': [61], 'cecal': [62, 90, 99, 114], 'and': [64, 76, 108, 177, 202, 233], 'translocating': [66], 'bacteria': [67, 132, 144, 195], 'mesenteric': [69, 134], 'lymph': [70, 135], 'nodes': [71], 'monitored': [73], 'both': [74], 'before': [75], 'after': [77, 211], 'oral': [78], 'inoculation': [79], 'with': [80, 118, 157], 'antibiotic-resistant': [81], 'Escherichia': [82], 'coli': [83, 160, 206, 238], 'C25.': [84, 239], 'Orally': [85], 'administered': [86, 95, 110], 'streptomycin': [87], 'eliminated': [89, 97, 113], 'facultative': [91, 151], 'gram-negative': [92], 'bacilli,': [93], 'orally': [94], 'bacitracin-streptomycin': [96, 212], 'all': [98], 'species': [101], 'except': [102], 'low': [103], 'numbers': [104], 'aerobic': [106], 'sporeformers,': [107], 'parenterally': [109], 'metronidazole': [111], 'anaerobic': [115, 143, 219], 'Compared': [117], 'control': [119], 'mice,': [120], 'metronidazole-treated': [122], 'had': [124], 'significantly': [125], 'increased': [126, 170], 'rates': [127], 'into': [133], 'nodes,': [136], 'indicating': [137], 'exclusive': [140], 'absence': [141], 'facilitated': [145], 'In': [153], 'a': [154, 163, 189, 226], 'parallel': [155, 165], 'experiment': [156], 'streptomycin-resistant': [158], 'E.': [159, 205, 237], 'C25': [161, 207], 'as': [162], 'marker,': [164], 'results': [166], 'obtained.': [168], 'Metronidazole': [169], 'marker': [175], 'strain': [176], 'indigenous': [179, 194], 'strains': [180], 'Thus,': [184], 'anaerobes': [185], 'appeared': [186], 'play': [188, 225], 'key': [190], 'role': [191, 227], 'confining': [193], 'gut.': [198], 'However,': [199], 'occurred': [208], 'most': [209], 'readily': [210], 'treatment,': [213], 'suggesting': [214], 'addition': [217], 'bacteria,': [220], 'other': [221], 'may': [224], 'limiting': [229], 'extraintestinal': [234]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2149333078', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 3}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-09T03:29:11.755269', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}