Title: Selective Excitation of Concomitant Electrochemiluminophores: Tuning Emission Color by Electrode Potential
Abstract: Angewandte Chemie International EditionVolume 51, Issue 18 p. 4354-4357 Communication Selective Excitation of Concomitant Electrochemiluminophores: Tuning Emission Color by Electrode Potential† Egan H. Doeven, Egan H. Doeven Department of Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria 3086 (Australia)Search for more papers by this authorElizabeth M. Zammit, Elizabeth M. Zammit Centre for Biotechnology, Chemistry and Systems Biology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216 (Australia)Search for more papers by this authorDr. Gregory J. Barbante, Dr. Gregory J. Barbante Centre for Biotechnology, Chemistry and Systems Biology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216 (Australia)Search for more papers by this authorDr. Conor F. Hogan, Corresponding Author Dr. Conor F. Hogan [email protected] Department of Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria 3086 (Australia) Conor F. Hogan, Department of Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria 3086 (Australia) Paul S. Francis, Centre for Biotechnology, Chemistry and Systems Biology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216 (Australia)Search for more papers by this authorProf. Neil W. Barnett, Prof. Neil W. Barnett Centre for Biotechnology, Chemistry and Systems Biology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216 (Australia)Search for more papers by this authorDr. Paul S. Francis, Corresponding Author Dr. Paul S. Francis [email protected] Centre for Biotechnology, Chemistry and Systems Biology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216 (Australia) Conor F. Hogan, Department of Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria 3086 (Australia) Paul S. Francis, Centre for Biotechnology, Chemistry and Systems Biology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216 (Australia)Search for more papers by this author Egan H. Doeven, Egan H. Doeven Department of Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria 3086 (Australia)Search for more papers by this authorElizabeth M. Zammit, Elizabeth M. Zammit Centre for Biotechnology, Chemistry and Systems Biology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216 (Australia)Search for more papers by this authorDr. Gregory J. Barbante, Dr. Gregory J. Barbante Centre for Biotechnology, Chemistry and Systems Biology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216 (Australia)Search for more papers by this authorDr. Conor F. Hogan, Corresponding Author Dr. Conor F. Hogan [email protected] Department of Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria 3086 (Australia) Conor F. Hogan, Department of Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria 3086 (Australia) Paul S. Francis, Centre for Biotechnology, Chemistry and Systems Biology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216 (Australia)Search for more papers by this authorProf. Neil W. Barnett, Prof. Neil W. Barnett Centre for Biotechnology, Chemistry and Systems Biology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216 (Australia)Search for more papers by this authorDr. Paul S. Francis, Corresponding Author Dr. Paul S. Francis [email protected] Centre for Biotechnology, Chemistry and Systems Biology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216 (Australia) Conor F. Hogan, Department of Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria 3086 (Australia) Paul S. Francis, Centre for Biotechnology, Chemistry and Systems Biology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216 (Australia)Search for more papers by this author First published: 21 March 2012 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201200814Citations: 99 † We thank the Australian Research Council for financial support (FT100100646 and DP1094179) and Donna Squire (Knowledge Media Division; Deakin University) for assistance with the photography. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Graphical Abstract ECL in 3D: Selective electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of several ruthenium and iridium complexes simultaneously in solution can be controlled by electrode potential (see picture; λem=emission wavelength). These luminescent redox systems create a range of new possibilities for multi-analyte ECL detection, assessment of interdependent electrochemical/spectroscopic properties, and color tuning in light-emitting devices. Supporting Information Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as "Supporting Information". Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Filename Description anie_201200814_sm_miscellaneous_information.pdf229.1 KB miscellaneous_information Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article. References 1I. Rubinstein, A. J. Bard, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 512–516. 2 2aM. M. Richter, Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 3003–3036; 2bB. A. Gorman, P. S. Francis, N. W. Barnett, Analyst 2006, 131, 616–639; 2cR. Pyati, M. M. Richter, Annu. Rep. Prog. Chem. Sect. C: Phys. Chem. 2007, 103, 12–78; 2dW. Miao, Chem. Rev. 2008, 108, 2506–2553; 2eM. M. Richter, in Optical Biosensors, 2nd Ed. ), Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2008, pp. 317–384; 2fR. J. Forster, P. Bertoncello, T. E. Keyes, Annu. Rev. Anal. Chem. 2009, 2, 359–385; 2gA. Kapturkiewicz, in Electrochemistry of Functional Supramolecular Systems (Eds.: ), Wiley-Interscience, Hoboken, N. J., 2010, pp. 477–522; 2hL. Hu, G. Xu, Chem. Soc. Rev. 2010, 39, 3275–3304. 3 3aJ. D. Debad, E. N. Glezer, J. Wohlstadter, G. B. Sigal, J. K. Leland, in Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence (Ed.: ), Marcel Dekker, New York, 2004, pp. 359–396; 3bX.-H. N. Xu, Y. Zu, in New Frontiers in Ultrasensitive Bioanalysis (Ed.: ), John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, New Jersey, 2007, pp. 235–267. 4K. Ide, M. Fujimoto, T. Kado, S. Hayase, J. Electrochem. Soc. 2008, 155, B 645–B649. 5E. Berni, I. Gosse, D. Badocco, P. Pastore, N. Sojic, S. Pinet, Chem. Eur. J. 2009, 15, 5145–5152. 6F. Deiss, C. N. La Fratta, M. Symer, T. M. Blicharz, N. Sojic, D. R. Walt, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 6088–6089. 7 7aL. Dennany, R. J. Forster, B. White, M. Smyth, J. F. Rusling, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 8835–8841; 7bW. Cao, J. P. Ferrance, J. Demas, J. P. Landers, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 7572–7578. 8P. Ceroni, G. Bergamini, V. Balzani, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 8516–8518. 9 9aJ. I. Kim, I.-S. Shin, H. Kim, J.-K. Lee, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 1614–1615; 9bS. Campagna, F. Puntoriero, F. Nastasi, G. Bergamini, V. Balzani, Top. Curr. Chem. 2007, 280, 117–214; 9cL. Flamigni, A. Barbieri, C. Sabatini, B. Ventura, F. Barigelletti, Top. Curr. Chem. 2007, 281, 143–203; 9dG. J. Barbante, C. F. Hogan, D. J. D. Wilson, N. A. Lewcenko, F. M. Pfeffer, N. W. Barnett, P. S. Francis, Analyst 2011, 136, 1329–1338; 9eS. Zanarini, M. Felici, G. Valenti, M. Marcaccio, L. Prodi, S. Bonacchi, P. Contreras-Carballada, R. M. Williams, M. C. Feiters, R. J. M. Nolte, L. De Cola, F. Paolucci, Chem. Eur. J. 2011, 17, 4640–4647; 9fD. J. E. Piper, G. J. Barbante, N. Brack, P. J. Pigram, C. F. Hogan, Langmuir 2011, 27, 474–480. 10 10aP. Bertoncello, R. J. Forster, Biosens. Bioelectron. 2009, 24, 3191–3200; 10bS. Zanarini, E. Rampazzo, L. Della Ciana, M. Marcaccio, E. Marzocchi, M. Montalti, F. Paolucci, L. Prodi, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 2260–2267; 10cS. Zanarini, E. Rampazzo, S. Bonacchi, R. Juris, M. Marcaccio, M. Montalti, F. Paolucci, L. Prodi, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 14208–14209. 11 11aB. D. Muegge, M. M. Richter, Anal. Chem. 2004, 76, 73–77; 11bA. Kapturkiewicz, T.-M. Chen, I. R. Laskar, J. Nowacki, Electrochem. Commun. 2004, 6, 827–831; 11cA. Kapturkiewicz, J. Nowacki, P. Borowicz, Electrochim. Acta 2005, 50, 3395–3400. 12 12aD. Bruce, M. M. Richter, Anal. Chem. 2002, 74, 1340–1342; 12bC. Cole, B. D. Muegge, M. M. Richter, Anal. Chem. 2003, 75, 601–604. 13R. V. Kiran, E. M. Zammit, C. F. Hogan, B. D. James, N. W. Barnett, P. S. Francis, Analyst 2009, 134, 1297–1298. 14V. V. Grushin, N. Herron, D. D. LeCloux, W. J. Marshall, V. A. Petrov, Y. Wang, Chem. Commun. 2001, 1494–1495. 15Further refinement of this approach could be expected from new strategies to prepare water-soluble complexes exhibiting intense green and blue ECL: S. Zanarini, M. Felici, G. Valenti, M. Marcaccio, L. Prodi, S. Bonacchi, P. Contreras-Carballada, R. M. Williams, M. C. Feiters, R. J. M. Nolte, L. De Cola, F. Paolucci, Chem. Eur. J. 2011, 17, 4640–4647; and the application of spectral deconvolution: W. R. Algar, U. J. Krull, Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2010, 398, 2439–2449. 16J. R. Lakowicz, Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy, 3rd ed., Springer, New York, 2006. 17 17aG. P. McDermott, E. M. Zammit, E. K. Bowen, M. M. Cooke, J. L. Adcock, X. A. Conlan, F. M. Pfeffer, N. W. Barnett, G. A. Dyson, P. S. Francis, Anal. Chim. Acta 2009, 634, 222–227; 17bR. V. Kiran, C. F. Hogan, B. D. James, D. J. D. Wilson, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2011, 4816–4825. 18E. M. Zammit, N. W. Barnett, L. C. Henderson, G. A. Dyson, M. Zhou, P. S. Francis, Analyst 2011, 136, 3069–3072. 19W. Miao, J.-P. Choi, A. J. Bard, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 14478–14485. 20M. M. Cooke, E. H. Doeven, C. F. Hogan, J. L. Adcock, G. P. McDermott, X. A. Conlan, N. W. Barnett, F. M. Pfeffer, P. S. Francis, Anal. Chim. Acta 2009, 635, 94–101. 21C. M. Hindson, G. R. Hanson, P. S. Francis, J. L. Adcock, N. W. Barnett, Chem. Eur. J. 2011, 17, 8018–8022. 22Y. Ohsawa, S. Sprouse, K. A. King, M. K. DeArmond, K. W. Hanck, R. J. Watts, J. Phys. Chem. 1987, 91, 1047–1054. 23A. B. Tamayo, B. D. Alleyne, P. I. Djurovich, S. Lamansky, I. Tsyba, N. N. Ho, R. Bau, M. E. Thompson, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 7377–7387. 24R. Ragni, E. A. Plummer, K. Brunner, J. W. Hofstraat, F. Babudri, G. M. Farinola, F. Naso, L. De Cola, J. Mater. Chem. 2006, 16, 1161–1170. 25Z. Lin, X. Chen, Z. Cai, P. Li, X. Chen, X. Wang, Talanta 2008, 75, 544–550. 26K. P. Zeyer, F. W. Schneider, J. Phys. Chem. A 1998, 102, 9702–9709. 27The preliminary off-line oxidation of [Ir(df-ppy)2(BPS)]− and [Ru(bpy)2(L)]2+ with solid lead dioxide was precluded by the relative instability of the respective oxidized forms of the complexes in comparison with [Ru(bpy)3]3+. On-line oxidation with CeIV produced an intense emission simultaneously from both chemiluminophores (similar to that of the ECL spectrum (C) in Figure 2 b). The emission obtained using either bromate or permanganate was insufficient to establish the spectral distribution. Citing Literature Volume51, Issue18April 27, 2012Pages 4354-4357 ReferencesRelatedInformation