Specific Recognition of Leishmania major Poly-β-galactosyl Epitopes by Galectin-9

Name: Work Video:
Duration: 3 min 30 s
Isabelle Pelletier; Tomomi Hashidate; Tadasu Urashima; Nozomu Nishi; Takanori Nakamura; Masamitsu Futai; Yoichiro Arata; Ken‐ichi Kasai; Mitsuomi Hirashima; Jun Hirabayashi; Sachiko Sato
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1965, 2014, 4011, 4148, 4257], 'the': [3, 18, 26, 37, 55, 65, 68, 77, 80, 95, 102, 121, 128, 142, 162, 177, 187, 201, 208, 219, 222, 229, 234, 249, 257, 268, 286, 296, 299, 308, 311, 326, 333, 352, 359, 373, 393, 408, 418, 432, 439, 450, 453, 460, 469, 520, 583, 609, 860, 913, 922, 1132, 1137, 1140, 1143, 1148, 1151, 1234, 1244, 1301, 1428, 1431, 1436, 1440, 1730, 1742, 1770, 1792, 1843, 1854, 1858, 1897, 1962, 1977, 2022, 2062, 2067, 2071, 2074, 2091, 2100, 2106, 2154, 2157, 2163, 2350, 2429, 2506, 2554, 2557, 2562, 2568, 2592, 2716, 2745, 2757, 2764, 2778, 2804, 2830, 2854, 2866, 2885, 2969, 3007, 3013, 3017, 3022, 3034, 3058, 3070, 3076, 3084, 3137, 3185, 3188, 3288, 3309, 3375, 3511, 3520, 3528, 3555, 3608, 3620, 3629, 3637, 3645, 3649, 3656, 3664, 3677, 3684, 3688, 3703, 3715, 3720, 3762, 3784, 3792, 3809, 3847, 3868, 3888, 3963, 3985, 3988, 3991, 4005, 4018, 4061, 4064, 4115, 4169, 4208, 4248, 4260, 4265, 4270, 4277, 4283], 'causative': [4, 235], 'agents': [5, 236], 'of': [6, 30, 67, 79, 98, 173, 189, 226, 237, 261, 298, 310, 329, 404, 420, 457, 476, 486, 496, 519, 611, 901, 912, 1139, 1147, 1225, 1237, 1300, 1439, 1773, 1853, 1899, 1961, 2021, 2028, 2058, 2070, 2108, 2117, 2160, 2167, 2352, 2466, 2487, 2508, 2511, 2515, 2519, 2524, 2556, 2594, 2597, 2949, 2952, 2955, 2966, 2973, 3015, 3187, 3200, 3203, 3280, 3384, 3552, 3575, 3577, 3588, 3604, 3640, 3648, 3651, 3659, 3667, 3687, 3710, 3722, 3724, 3734, 3748, 3776, 3798, 3849, 3867, 3871, 3891, 3962, 3999, 4014, 4017, 4054, 4063, 4114, 4124, 4141, 4173, 4196, 4202, 4228, 4237, 4244, 4255, 4273, 4286, 4288, 4320], 'leishmaniasis,': [7, 238], 'manifesting': [8, 239], 'itself': [9, 240], 'in': [10, 25, 64, 70, 86, 94, 101, 147, 184, 221, 228, 241, 256, 295, 301, 317, 325, 332, 378, 415, 452, 459, 468, 559, 608, 1131, 1142, 1304, 1430, 1775, 1789, 1850, 2016, 2111, 2128, 2162, 2189, 2277, 2369, 2484, 2528, 2567, 2574, 2721, 2771, 2816, 2946, 2968, 3012, 3021, 3057, 3123, 3502, 3532, 3607, 3676, 3680, 3773, 3791, 3836, 3975, 4049, 4119, 4151, 4191, 4276], 'a': [11, 132, 242, 363, 465, 777, 899, 1118, 1191, 1215, 1229, 1402, 1492, 2054, 2112, 2129, 2501, 2783, 2810, 2873, 3112, 3142, 3336, 3356, 3514, 3533, 3544, 3560, 3728, 3745, 3861, 3942, 4012, 4122, 4131, 4194, 4217, 4225], 'species-specific': [12, 96, 243, 327, 1771, 1793, 2063, 2130], 'manner.': [13, 244], 'The': [14, 245, 474, 1145, 2494, 2533, 2548, 2572, 3049, 3326, 3367, 3382, 3524, 3538, 3572, 3585, 4253, 4317], 'glycan': [15, 34, 246, 265, 2094], 'epitopes': [16, 247, 1964, 2095], 'on': [17, 42, 248, 273, 603, 925, 2553, 3069, 3141, 3335, 3355, 4242], 'parasite': [19, 103, 250, 334], 'suggested': [21, 60, 252, 291], 'to': [22, 61, 127, 161, 186, 253, 292, 358, 392, 417, 490, 527, 556, 594, 785, 848, 855, 859, 910, 918, 1401, 1445, 1495, 1693, 1724, 1729, 1782, 1901, 1984, 2061, 2081, 2090, 2125, 2196, 2737, 2744, 2803, 2872, 2878, 2890, 2929, 3026, 3075, 3287, 3510, 3519, 3594, 3718, 3846, 3853, 3886, 3944, 3951, 3983, 4025, 4130, 4168, 4180, 4207], 'be': [23, 62, 92, 254, 293, 323, 1390, 1398, 1496, 2082, 4251], 'involved': [24, 63, 255, 294], 'pathogenesis.': [28, 259], 'One': [29, 260, 4113], 'such': [31, 262, 920, 962, 1049, 1205, 1491, 1959, 1970], 'established': [32, 263, 3941], 'species-unique': [33, 264], 'structures': [35, 266, 4254], 'is': [36, 58, 267, 289, 582, 1153, 1220, 1380, 1848, 1956, 1975, 2026, 2042, 3611, 3628, 3636, 3644, 3655, 3663, 3708, 3972], 'poly-β-galactosyl': [38, 129, 269, 360, 1699, 3964], 'epitope': [39, 57, 82, 270, 288, 313, 924, 1700, 1744, 1847, 1991, 4020], '(Galβ1–3)n': [40, 271, 1701], 'found': [41, 272, 1689], 'L.': [43, 118, 143, 157, 163, 211, 223, 274, 349, 374, 388, 394, 442, 454, 1055, 1694, 1697, 1725, 1733, 1736, 1844, 2048, 2092, 2126, 2133, 2145, 2150, 2164, 2256, 2344, 2930, 3737, 3741, 3850, 3954, 4000, 4009], 'major,': [44, 275, 2146], 'which': [45, 276, 499, 606, 1116, 1158, 1232, 1738, 2025, 2348, 3590, 3669, 3693, 3707, 3844, 3971, 4157], 'can': [46, 116, 154, 206, 277, 347, 385, 437, 967, 1047, 2123, 3949], 'develop': [47, 278], 'cutaneous': [48, 279, 1784], 'infections': [49, 280, 1781], 'with': [50, 170, 281, 401, 1123, 2300, 2374, 2580, 2584, 2809, 2939, 3062, 3097, 3115, 3372, 3698, 3736, 3753, 3783, 3816, 3824, 3900, 4110, 4292], 'strong': [51, 282], 'inflammatory': [52, 283], 'responses.': [53, 284, 2077], 'Interestingly,': [54, 285, 1842], 'polygalactosyl': [56, 165, 202, 287, 396, 433, 923, 1743, 1846, 1963, 4019], 'also': [59, 155, 290, 386, 1424, 4166], 'development': [66, 225, 297, 456, 2107], 'its': [71, 125, 302, 356, 1902, 2355], 'host': [72, 87, 112, 303, 318, 343, 861, 914], 'vector,': [73, 304], 'sand': [74, 89, 305, 320, 1903], 'fly.': [75, 306], 'Thus,': [76, 307, 773, 960, 2040, 3700, 3938], 'recognition': [78, 309, 475, 533, 775, 1063, 1072, 1097, 3961], 'galactosyl': [81, 312], 'by': [83, 159, 314, 390, 776, 1214, 1392, 1791, 1967, 2192, 2265, 2362, 2444, 2755, 2857, 2901, 3040, 3053, 3083, 3111, 3195, 3297, 3321, 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1488, 1520, 1536, 1548, 1569, 1586, 1605, 1627, 1659, 1672, 1685, 1720, 1763, 1809, 1829, 1840, 1873, 1894, 1932, 1953, 2010, 2216, 2248, 2297, 2342, 2417, 2460, 2630, 2652, 2677, 2711, 2926, 3004, 3174, 3223, 3243, 3261, 3275, 3412, 3445, 3461, 3496, 3936, 4046, 4085, 4103, 4315], 'Scholar).': [517, 550, 579, 772, 897, 959, 1182, 1377, 1421, 1686, 1721, 1764, 1841, 1954, 2011, 2343, 2418, 2461, 3005, 3276, 3497, 3937, 4316], 'Some': [518], 'C-type': [521, 787], '(calcium-dependent)': [522], 'been': [525, 842, 1425, 1767, 1982], 'demonstrated': [526], 'play': [528, 968], 'molecules': [534, 975, 1057], '(2Gordon': [535], 'S.': [536, 865, 1003, 1249, 1362, 1466, 1511, 1608, 1640, 1705, 1748, 1886, 1995, 2201, 2229, 2327, 2615, 2633, 2657, 2907, 2989, 3155], 'Cell.': [537, 632, 673, 829, 1524], '111:': [539], '927-930Abstract': [540], 'Full': [541, 543, 636, 638, 677, 679, 736, 738, 803, 833, 874, 892, 1010, 1012, 1258, 1276, 1325, 1349, 1351, 1528, 1530, 1651, 1653, 1712, 1714, 1755, 1757, 1825, 1924, 1926, 2002, 2004, 2208, 2210, 2240, 2242, 2334, 2336, 2409, 2411, 2622, 2624, 2703, 2705, 2996, 2998, 3404, 3406, 3437, 3439, 4042], 'Text': [542, 544, 637, 639, 678, 680, 737, 739, 804, 834, 875, 893, 1011, 1013, 1259, 1277, 1326, 1350, 1352, 1529, 1531, 1652, 1654, 1713, 1715, 1756, 1758, 1826, 1925, 1927, 2003, 2005, 2209, 2211, 2241, 2243, 2335, 2337, 2410, 2412, 2623, 2625, 2704, 2706, 2997, 2999, 3405, 3407, 3438, 3440, 4043], 'PDF': [545, 640, 681, 740, 805, 835, 876, 894, 1014, 1260, 1278, 1327, 1353, 1532, 1655, 1716, 1759, 1827, 1928, 2006, 2212, 2244, 2338, 2413, 2626, 2707, 3000, 3408, 3441, 4044], '(923)': [548], 'For': [551, 3990], 'example,': [552], 'soluble': [553], 'collectins': [554], 'bind': [555, 847, 853, 2124, 3950], 'resulting': [558], 'their': [560, 1446], 'efficient': [561], 'removal': [562], '(3Hoffmann': [563], 'J.A.': [564], 'Kafatos': [565], 'F.C.': [566], 'Ezekowitz': [569], 'R.A.': [570], '1999;': [572, 1563, 1666, 2671], '284:': [573], '1313-1318Crossref': [574], '(2137)': [577], 'Another': [580], 'example': [581], 'membrane-associated': [584], 'dendritic': [585, 612], 'cell-specific': [586], 'intercellular': [587], 'adhesion': [588, 1508], 'molecule-3-grabbing': [589], 'nonintegrin': [590], '(DC-SIGN).': [591], 'DC-SIGN': [592], 'binds': [593, 1692, 1723], '“self': [595], '”': [596, 972], 'glycans': [597, 602, 850], 'well': [599, 2036], 'pathogen-associated': [601], 'Mycobacterium': [604], 'tuberculosis,': [605], 'results': [607], 'suppression': [610], 'cell': [613, 862, 1507, 2495, 3746, 3754], 'functions': [614, 1447], '(4Geijtenbeek': [615], 'T.B.': [616, 647, 698, 747], 'Torensma': [617, 650], 'van': [619, 622, 627, 652, 655, 670, 689, 692, 699, 748, 759], 'Vliet': [620, 653, 693, 749], 'S.J.': [621, 654, 694, 750, 930, 1909, 1937, 2287, 2394], 'Duijnhoven': [623, 656], 'G.C.': [624, 657], 'Adema': [625], 'G.J.': [626], 'Kooyk': [628, 671, 700, 760], 'Y.': [629, 672, 701, 761, 1638, 2227, 2659, 2665, 2692, 3393, 3426, 3450, 3468, 3908], 'Figdor': [630, 668], 'C.G.': [631, 669], '2000;': [633, 674, 1542, 2700, 3455], '100:': [634, 675], '575-585Abstract': [635], '(1443)': [643], 'Scholar,': [645, 686, 711, 745, 808, 879, 941, 999, 1019, 1263, 1281, 1330, 1358, 1464, 1476, 1521, 1537, 1549, 1570, 1587, 1606, 1628, 1660, 1673, 1810, 1830, 1874, 1933, 2217, 2631, 2653, 2678, 3224, 3244, 3262, 3446, 3462, 4086], '5Geijtenbeek': [646], 'Kwon': [648], 'D.S.': [649], 'Middel': [658], 'J.': [659, 702, 715, 730, 762, 797, 824, 868, 886, 993, 1004, 1171, 1252, 1270, 1319, 1332, 1343, 1411, 1559, 1596, 1619, 1645, 1706, 1749, 1819, 1866, 1918, 1996, 2202, 2234, 2328, 2403, 2616, 2644, 2661, 2697, 2918, 2990, 3166, 3214, 3395, 3398, 3428, 3431, 3448, 3453, 3464, 3904, 4036, 4303], 'Cornelissen': [660], 'I.L.': [661], 'Nottet': [662], 'H.S.': [663], 'KewalRamani': [664], 'V.N.': [665], 'Littman': [666], 'D.R.': [667], '587-597Abstract': [676], '(2026)': [684], '6Appelmelk': [687], 'B.J.': [688], 'Die': [690], 'I.': [691, 1001, 1612, 1703, 1746, 1993, 2199, 2325, 2613, 2637, 2688, 2911, 2987, 3159], 'Vandenbroucke-Grauls': [695, 755], 'C.M.': [696, 756, 1021, 1553], 'Geijtenbeek': [697], 'Immunol.': [703, 994, 1541, 1620, 2645, 2919, 3167], '2003;': [704, 733, 765], '170:': [705], '1635-1639Crossref': [706], '(378)': [709], '7Maeda': [712], 'N.': [713, 1451, 1610, 2635, 2680, 2682, 2909, 3157, 3470, 3910], 'Nigou': [714], 'Herrmann': [716], 'J.L.': [717], 'Jackson': [718], 'M.': [719, 754, 1614, 1634, 1636, 1644, 1876, 1915, 2223, 2225, 2233, 2267, 2400, 2639, 2667, 2684, 2696, 2913, 3161, 3210, 3226, 3252, 3264, 3474, 3480, 3914, 3920, 4068, 4094, 4301], 'Amara': [720], 'A.': [721, 932, 984, 1287, 1334, 1616, 1818, 1878, 1887, 2641, 2915, 3163, 4299], 'Lagrange': [722], 'P.H.': [723], 'Puzo': [724], 'G.': [725, 990], 'Gicquel': [726], 'B.': [727, 758, 1366, 3212], 'Neyrolles': [728], 'O.': [729], 'Biol.': [731, 798, 869, 887, 1005, 1253, 1271, 1320, 1344, 1561, 1646, 1707, 1750, 1820, 1919, 1997, 2203, 2235, 2329, 2404, 2617, 2698, 2991, 3215, 3399, 3432, 4037, 4306], 'Chem.': [732, 799, 870, 888, 1006, 1254, 1272, 1321, 1345, 1647, 1708, 1751, 1821, 1920, 1998, 2204, 2236, 2330, 2405, 2618, 2699, 2992, 3400, 3433, 4038], '278:': [734], '5513-5516Abstract': [735], '(218)': [743], '8Geijtenbeek': [746], 'Koppel': [751], 'E.A.': [752, 1364], 'Sanchez-Hernandez': [753], 'Appelmelk': [757], 'Exp.': [763, 1597, 2452], 'Med.': [764, 1413, 1560, 1598], '197:': [766], '7-17Crossref': [767], '(894)': [770], 'lectin': [778, 1979], 'induce': [780], 'distinct': [781], 'responses.In': [783], 'contrast': [784], 'those': [786, 911, 2575, 4106], 'lectins,': [788, 790], 'S-type': [789], 'more': [791], 'termed': [793], '(9Drickamer': [795], 'K.': [796, 818, 828, 1173, 1360, 2663, 3397, 3430, 3452, 3486, 3926, 4305], '1988;': [800], '263:': [801], '9557-9560Abstract': [802], '10Barondes': [809], 'S.H.': [810, 885, 1269, 1316, 1340, 1664], 'Castronovo': [811], 'V.': [812], 'Cooper': [813, 1028], 'D.N.': [814, 1478, 1662], 'Cummings': [815], 'R.D.': [816], 'Drickamer': [817], 'Feizi': [819], 'T.': [820, 2655, 2694, 3266, 3466, 3472, 3476, 3478, 3906, 3912, 3916, 3918], 'Gitt': [821, 1311], 'M.A.': [822, 945, 1312, 1453, 4033], 'Hirabayashi': [823, 2660, 3394, 3427, 4302], 'Hughes': [825, 866, 1250, 1367], 'C.': [826], 'Kasai': [827, 1172, 2662, 3396, 3429, 3451, 3485, 3925, 4304], '1994;': [830, 952], '76:': [831, 1415], '597-598Abstract': [832], '(1085)': [838], 'Scholar),': [840, 1489, 4104], 'considered': [843], 'self': [849], 'because': [851, 1299, 4004], 'preferentially': [854], 'polylactosamine': [856], 'chains': [857], 'attached': [858], 'glycoproteins/lipids': [863], '(11Sato': [864, 1248], 'R.C.': [867, 1251, 1368, 1675], '1992;': [871, 936, 1255, 1888, 1947], '267:': [872, 1256], '6983-6990Abstract': [873, 1257], '12Sparrow': [880, 1264], 'C.P.': [881, 1265], 'Leffler': [882, 948, 985, 1026, 1266, 1313, 1337], 'H.': [883, 949, 986, 1027, 1267, 1283, 1314, 1338, 1632, 2221], 'Barondes': [884, 1268, 1315, 1339, 1663], '1987;': [889, 1273], '262:': [890, 1274], '7383-7390Abstract': [891, 1275], 'However,': [898, 1973, 2078], 'pathogenic': [902, 1387], 'entities': [903], 'express': [904, 1741], 'glycoconjugates': [905, 1794], 'containing': [906, 2727, 2773, 2818, 2833, 2959, 3126, 3313, 3504, 3838, 4133], 'β-galactosides,': [907], 'either': [908, 4134], 'similar': [909, 1120], 'cells': [915, 2034, 3832], 'unique': [917, 1154, 1990, 2055], 'protozoa': [926], '(13Turco': [929], 'Descoteaux': [931], 'Annu.': [933], 'Rev.': [934], 'Microbiol.': [935, 1035], '46:': [937], '65-94Crossref': [938], '14Mandrell': [942], 'R.E.': [943], 'Apicella': [944], 'Lindstedt': [946], 'Methods': [950], 'Enzymol.': [951], '236:': [953], '231-254Crossref': [954], '(42)': [957], 'questions': [961], 'whether': [964, 2084, 2097], 'some': [965, 1383, 1501, 2427], '“nonself': [971], 'pathogen-recognizing': [974], 'emerged.': [978], 'Indeed': [979], 'others': [982, 1396], '(15Mey': [983], 'Hmama': [987], 'Z.': [988], 'Normier': [989], 'Revillard': [991], 'J.P.': [992], '1996;': [995, 1921, 2406], '156:': [996], '1572-1577PubMed': [997], '16Pelletier': [1000], 'Sato': [1002, 1704, 1747, 1994, 2200, 2326, 2614, 2988], '277:': [1008, 1710, 1753, 2000, 2206, 2332, 2620, 2994], '17663-17670Abstract': [1009, 1711, 1754, 2001, 2207, 2333, 2621, 2995], '(97)': [1017, 1719, 1762, 2009, 2215, 2341, 2629, 3003], '17John': [1020], 'Jarvis': [1022], 'G.A.': [1023, 1449, 1551], 'Swanson': [1024], 'K.V.': [1025], 'M.D.': [1029], 'Huflejt': [1030], 'M.E.': [1031, 1408], 'Griffiss': [1032], 'J.M.': [1033, 1318, 1342], 'Cell': [1034], '4:': [1037, 1868], '649-662Crossref': [1038], '(60)': [1041], 'Scholar)': [1043, 1298, 1895, 2298, 4047], 'suggest': [1044, 2156], 'Klebsiella': [1052], 'pneumoniae': [1053], 'major.Galectin': [1056], 'contain': [1058, 1185, 1210], 'two': [1061, 1211, 1851], 'carbohydrate': [1062, 1071, 1096, 1306], 'domains': [1064], '(CRDs),': [1065], '1The': [1066, 1091], 'abbreviations': [1067, 1092], 'used': [1068, 1093, 2424, 2589, 3714, 3982, 3995], 'are:': [1069, 1094], 'CRD(s),': [1070, 1095], 'domain(s);': [1073, 1098], 'FAC,': [1074, 1099], 'frontal': [1075, 1100], 'chromatography;': [1077, 1102], 'Lac,': [1078, 1103], 'lactose;': [1079, 1104], 'LPG,': [1080, 1105], 'lipophosphoglycan;': [1081, 1106], 'PA,': [1082, 1107], 'pyridylamine;': [1083, 1108], 'PBS,': [1084, 1109], 'phosphate-buffered': [1085, 1110], 'saline;': [1086, 1111], 'SRP,': [1087, 1112], 'surface': [1088, 1113], 'plasmon': [1089, 1114], 'resonance.': [1090, 1115], 'relatively': [1119, 1399], 'tertiary': [1121], 'structure': [1122], 'conserved': [1124], 'peptide': [1125], 'sequence': [1126], 'elements,': [1127], 'although': [1128, 1490], 'they': [1129], 'differ': [1130], 'protein': [1133], 'quaternary': [1134], 'structure,': [1135, 2056], 'i.e.': [1136, 3030], 'CRDs': [1141, 1212], 'molecules.': [1144], 'arrangement': [1146], 'CRD(s)': [1149], 'within': [1150], 'molecule': [1152], 'each': [1156, 2051, 3725, 4203], 'galectin,': [1157, 1223], 'consequently': [1160], 'classified': [1161], 'into': [1162, 2434, 2782, 2829], 'three': [1163, 3822, 4026], 'types:': [1164], 'prototype,': [1165], 'tandem-repeat,': [1166], 'chimera': [1168], 'type': [1169, 1222, 2357], '(18Hirabayashi': [1170], 'Glycobiology.': [1174, 1369, 1665], '1993;': [1175, 1322, 1822, 1835], '3:': [1176], '297-304Crossref': [1177], '(453)': [1180], 'Prototype': [1183], 'CRD': [1187, 1227, 1433], 'exist': [1189], 'monomer': [1192], '(such': [1193, 1198], 'galectin-7)': [1195], 'dimer': [1197], 'galectin-1,': [1200, 2183, 3970], '-2),': [1201], 'whereas': [1202, 1395], 'tandem-repeat': [1203], 'galectins,': [1204, 1394, 4164], 'galectin-8': [1207], '-9,': [1209], 'connected': [1213, 3518], 'short': [1216], 'linker': [1217], 'region.': [1218], 'Galectin-3': [1219, 1722], 'chimeric': [1221], 'composed': [1224, 2027], 'non-CRD': [1230], 'domain,': [1231], 'regulates': [1233], 'multivalence': [1235], 'status': [1236], 'galectin-3.': [1238], 'Galectins': [1239], 'substituted': [1245], 'lactosamine': [1246], 'residues': [1247], '19Ahmed': [1282], 'Allen': [1284], 'H.J.': [1285], 'Sharma': [1286], 'Matta': [1288], 'K.L.': [1289], 'Biochemistry.': [1290], '1990;': [1291, 4039], '29:': [1292], '5315-5319Crossref': [1293], '(69)': [1296, 1893], 'structural': [1302], 'differences': [1303, 1429], 'detailed': [1305], 'pockets': [1308], '(20Lobsanov': [1309], 'Y.D.': [1310], 'Rini': [1317, 1341], '268:': [1323, 1823], '27034-27038Abstract': [1324], '21Seetharaman': [1331], 'Kanigsberg': [1333], 'Slaaby': [1335], '1998;': [1346, 1370, 1414, 1648, 2237], '273:': [1347, 1649, 2238], '13047-13052Abstract': [1348], '(363)': [1356], '22Henrick': [1359], 'Bawumia': [1361], 'Barboni': [1363], 'Mehul': [1365], '8:': [1371], '45-57Crossref': [1372], '(57)': [1375], 'Hence,': [1378], 'it': [1379, 2041, 2079], 'possible': [1381, 2043], 'glycoconjugates,': [1384], 'nonself': [1386], 'glycans,': [1388], 'recognized': [1391], 'various': [1393, 3892, 3976, 4015, 4174], 'specific': [1400], 'particular': [1403], 'galectin': [1404, 1432, 1441, 2052, 2815, 2897, 2941, 3080, 3100, 3108, 3606, 3726, 4275], '(23Perillo': [1405], 'N.L.': [1406, 1572, 1589], 'Marcus': [1407], 'Baum': [1409, 1577, 1594], 'L.G.': [1410, 1578, 1595], 'Mol.': [1412], '402-412Crossref': [1416], '(579)': [1419], 'It': [1422, 1765, 1955], 'has': [1423, 1766, 1981, 3591, 3670], 'speculated': [1426], 'arrangements': [1434], 'cross-linking': [1437], 'mode': [1438], 'ligand': [1442], 'contribute': [1444], '(24Rabinovich': [1448], 'Rubinstein': [1450], 'Toscano': [1452], 'Biochim.': [1454, 1479, 3487, 3927], 'Biophys.': [1455, 1480, 2670, 3488, 3928], 'Acta.': [1456, 1481, 3489, 3929], '1572:': [1458, 1483, 3491, 3931], '274-284Crossref': [1459], '(202)': [1462], '25Sato': [1465], 'Trends': [1467, 1512, 3267], 'Glycosci.': [1468, 1513, 3268], 'Glycotechnol.': [1469, 1514, 3269], '14:': [1471, 1516, 3271], '285-301Crossref': [1472, 1517], '(28)': [1474, 1519, 1568], '26Cooper': [1477], '209-231Crossref': [1484], '(514)': [1487], 'possibility': [1493], 'remains': [1494, 2080], 'investigated.Recent': [1497], 'studies': [1498], 'demonstrate': [1499], 'act': [1503], 'immunomodulators': [1505], 'modulators': [1509], '(25Sato': [1510], '27Lowe': [1522], 'J.B.': [1523], '2001;': [1525, 2291, 2454, 3401, 3434, 4309], '104:': [1526], '809-812Abstract': [1527], '(276)': [1535], '28Liu': [1538], 'F.T.': [1539, 2690], 'Clin.': [1540, 1800], '97:': [1543], '79-88Crossref': [1544], '(185)': [1547], '29Rabinovich': [1550], 'Riera': [1552], 'Landa': [1554], 'Sotomayor': [1556], 'C.E.': [1557], 'Braz.': [1558], 'Res.': [1562, 3236, 3254, 4078, 4096], '32:': [1564, 3218], '383-393Crossref': [1565], '30Perillo': [1571], 'Pace': [1573], 'K.E.': [1574], 'Seilhamer': [1575], 'J.J.': [1576], 'Nature.': [1579], '1995;': [1580], '378:': [1581], '736-739Crossref': [1582], '(935)': [1585], '31Perillo': [1588], 'Uittenbogaart': [1590], 'C.H.': [1591], 'Nguyen': [1592], 'J.T.': [1593], '1997;': [1599, 1679, 1803], '185:': [1600], '1851-1858Crossref': [1601], '(266)': [1604], '32Sato': [1607, 2632], 'Ouellet': [1609, 2634, 2908, 3156], 'Pelletier': [1611, 2636, 2910, 3158], 'Simard': [1613, 2638, 2912, 3160], 'Rancourt': [1615, 2640, 2914, 3162], 'Bergeron': [1617, 2642, 2916, 3164], 'M.G.': [1618, 2643, 2917, 3165], '168:': [1622, 2647, 2921, 3169], '1813-1822Crossref': [1623, 2648, 2922, 3170], '(208)': [1626, 2651, 2925, 3173], '33Matsumoto': [1629, 2218], 'Matsumoto': [1631, 2220, 2685], 'Seki': [1633, 2222, 2683], 'Hata': [1635, 2224, 2691], 'Asano': [1637, 2226], 'Kanegasaki': [1639, 2228], 'Stevens': [1641, 2230], 'R.L.': [1642, 2231], 'Hirashima': [1643, 2232, 2695, 3473, 3913], '16976-16984Abstract': [1650, 2239], '(267)': [1658, 2247], '34Cooper': [1661], '9:': [1667], '979-984Crossref': [1668], '(282)': [1671], '35Hughes': [1674], 'Biochem.': [1676, 2669], 'Soc.': [1677], 'Trans.': [1678], '25:': [1680], '1194-1198Crossref': [1681], '(108)': [1684], '(16Pelletier': [1702, 1745, 1992, 2198, 2324, 2612, 2986], 'but': [1727], 'not': [1728, 1740, 3814, 4159], 'species,': [1732], 'donovani': [1734, 2257], 'mexicana,': [1737], 'do': [1739], 'proposed': [1768], 'human,': [1776], 'ranging': [1777, 4022], 'fatal': [1779], 'visceral': [1780], 'mild': [1783], 'lesions,': [1785], 'accounted': [1787], 'part': [1790], '(see': [1795], 'Fig.': [1796, 4050, 4152], '1)': [1797, 3625], '(36Berman': [1798], 'J.D.': [1799], 'Infect.': [1801], 'Dis.': [1802], '24:': [1804, 4310], '684-703Crossref': [1805], '(704)': [1808], '37Moody': [1811], 'S.F.': [1812, 1832], 'Handman': [1813, 1879], 'E.': [1814, 1862, 1880, 3228, 3250, 4070, 4092], 'McConville': [1815, 1938], 'M.J.': [1816, 1939, 4029], 'Bacic': [1817, 1877], '18457-18466Abstract': [1824], '38Moody': [1831], 'Acta': [1833], 'Tropica.': [1834], '53:': [1836], '184-204Crossref': [1837], '(24)': [1839], 'stages': [1852], 'cycle:': [1857], 'host-pathogen': [1859], 'interactions': [1860, 2098], '(39Handman': [1861], 'Goding': [1863], 'J.W.': [1864], 'EMBO': [1865], '1985;': [1867], '329-336Crossref': [1869], '(150)': [1872], '40Kelleher': [1875], 'Proc.': [1881], 'Natl.': [1882], 'Acad.': [1883], 'Sci.': [1884, 3216], 'U.': [1885], '89:': [1889], '6-10Crossref': [1890], 'attachment': [1898], 'vector': [1905], '(41Butcher': [1906, 2391], 'B.A.': [1907, 1911, 2392, 2396], 'Turco': [1908, 1936, 2286, 2393], 'Hilty': [1910, 2395], 'Pimenta': [1912, 2397], 'P.F.': [1913, 1935, 2398], 'Panunzio': [1914, 2399], 'Sacks': [1916, 1944, 2365, 2401], 'D.L.': [1917, 1945, 2402], '271:': [1922, 2407], '20573-20579Abstract': [1923, 2408], '(77)': [1931, 2416], '42Pimenta': [1934], 'Lawyer': [1940], 'P.G.': [1941], 'Perkins': [1942], 'P.V.': [1943], '256:': [1948], '1812-1815Crossref': [1949], '(200)': [1952], 'likely': [1957], 'mediated': [1966], 'proteins': [1969, 3056, 3068], 'galectins.': [1972, 3674], 'hitherto': [1976], 'shown': [1983, 4149, 4258], 'this': [1989, 3681, 3968], 'Various': [2012, 4052], 'dermal': [2017], 'tissues': [2018], '(initial': [2019], 'site': [2020], 'infection)': [2024], 'phagocytic': [2029], 'cells,': [2030], 'fibroblasts,': [2031], 'epithelial': [2033], 'emigrated': [2038], 'lymphocytes.': [2039], 'major.': [2049], 'Because': [2050], 'possesses': [2053], 'ligands': [2064], 'affect': [2066], 'infections,': [2072], 'especially': [2073], 'initial': [2075, 3646, 3685], 'determined': [2083, 3581, 3598, 3613], 'any': [2088, 4161], 'manner': [2113, 2131], 'galectin-3.Here': [2118], 'show': [2120, 4160], 'poly-β-galactose': [2135], '(Galβ1–3)1∼4.': [2136], '-9': [2143, 2186], 'promotes': [2149], 'major-macrophage': [2151], 'interaction.': [2152], 'Thus': [2153], 'data': [2155], 'pathogenesis': [2166], 'leishmaniasis.MATERIALS': [2168], 'AND': [2169], 'METHODSReagents—Chemicals': [2170], 'reagents': [2173], 'were': [2174, 2187, 2262, 2275, 2367, 2423, 2470, 2497, 2551, 2565, 2577, 2607, 2719, 2761, 2800, 2937, 3010, 3038, 3051, 3060, 3073, 3093, 3121, 3182, 3285, 3319, 3330, 3349, 3370, 3530, 3751, 3771, 3813, 3818, 3833, 3858, 3980, 4058, 4108, 4189, 4324], 'obtained': [2175, 3039], 'Sigma': [2177], 'unless': [2178], 'specified': [2179], 'otherwise.': [2180], 'Antibodies': [2181], '-3,': [2184], 'raised': [2188], 'our': [2190], 'laboratories': [2191], 'injecting': [2193], 'recombinant': [2194, 2717, 2814, 2940], 'rabbits': [2197], 'Scholar).Leishmania': [2249], 'Cells—L.': [2251], 'strain': [2253, 2258], 'LV39': [2254], '1S': [2259], 'clone': [2260], '2D': [2261], 'kindly': [2263, 3193], 'provided': [2264, 2361, 3194], 'Dr.': [2266, 2363, 3196], 'Olivier': [2268], '(CRI-CHUL,': [2269], 'Qué-bec,': [2270], 'Canada).': [2271], 'Those': [2272], 'promastigotes': [2274, 2550, 3743], 'grown': [2276, 2368], 'SDM-79': [2278], 'medium': [2279, 2370, 2492, 2531], 'without': [2280], 'biopterin': [2281], '(43Cunningham': [2282], 'M.L.': [2283], 'Titus': [2284], 'R.G.': [2285], 'Beverley': [2288, 2447, 2450], 'S.M.': [2289, 2451], '292:': [2292], '285-287Crossref': [2293], '(107)': [2296], 'supplemented': [2299, 2373], '10%': [2301, 2558], 'heat-inactivated': [2302, 2376], 'fetal': [2303, 2377], 'calf': [2304, 2378], 'serum': [2305], '(Invitrogen),': [2306], 'antibiotics': [2307, 2390], '(100': [2308, 3340, 3359], 'μg/ml': [2309, 2312, 2319], 'penicillin,': [2310], '100': [2311, 2383, 2974], 'streptomycin),': [2313], '2': [2314, 2386, 2509, 2513, 2517, 2522, 2944, 4200], 'mm': [2315, 2381, 2387, 2586, 2775, 2820, 2824, 2961, 2975, 3506, 3781, 3829], 'l-glutamine,': [2316], '5': [2318, 2819], 'hemin,': [2320], 'published': [2322, 2443, 2904, 3365], 'before': [2323, 2905], 'mutant': [2346], 'Spock,': [2347], 'lacks': [2349], 'activity': [2351], 'β1,3-galactosyltransferase,': [2353], 'wild': [2356], 'Friedlin': [2358], 'V1': [2359], '(generously': [2360], 'D.': [2364], '(NIAID))': [2366], '199': [2371], '(Invitrogen)': [2372], '20%': [2375], 'serum,': [2379], '20': [2380, 2823, 2864, 3534, 4232], 'HEPES,': [2382, 3830], 'μm': [2384], 'adenine,': [2385], 'glutamine,': [2388], 'at': [2420, 2472, 2479, 2538, 2545, 2846, 2977, 3042, 3104, 3131, 3299, 3548, 3565, 3569, 3744, 3805, 4121, 4193, 4224, 4231], 'stationary': [2421, 2463], 'phase': [2422, 2464, 3740], 'experiments.For': [2426], 'experiments,': [2428], 'promastigote': [2430], 'population': [2431], 'separated': [2433, 3296], 'procyclic-': [2435], 'metacyclic-rich': [2437], 'fractions': [2438, 2576], 'using': [2439, 3600, 3615, 3619, 3860], 'Ficoll': [2440, 2502, 2526, 2559, 2570], 'gradients': [2441], 'Spath': [2445], '(44Spath': [2448], 'G.F.': [2449], 'Parasitol.': [2453], '99:': [2455], '97-103Crossref': [2456], '(277)': [2459], 'Briefly,': [2462, 2813, 3277, 3498], 'cultures': [2465], '(∼109': [2468], 'parasites)': [2469], 'centrifuged': [2471, 2537], '5,000': [2473], '×': [2474, 2540, 2788, 2935, 3044, 3304, 3341, 3360, 3768, 3788, 4211], 'g': [2475, 2541, 3045, 3305], '10': [2477, 2543, 2789, 3129, 3691, 4125, 4197], 'min': [2478, 2544, 2982, 3103, 3130, 3804], 'room': [2480, 2546, 2847], 'temperature': [2481, 2848], 'resuspended': [2483], '3': [2485], 'ml': [2486, 2510, 2514, 2518, 2523, 3775, 4201], 'serum-free': [2488, 2530, 2956], "Dulbecco's": [2489], 'modified': [2490], "Eagle's": [2491], '(Invitrogen).': [2493], 'suspensions': [2496], 'then': [2498, 3834], 'loaded': [2499], 'onto': [2500], 'gradient': [2503, 2534], 'composed,': [2504], 'bottom,': [2507], '20%,': [2512], '15%,': [2516], '10%,': [2520], '5%': [2525], 'diluted': [2527], '4×': [2529], '199.': [2532], 'next': [2536, 3940], '1,300': [2539], 'temperature.': [2547], 'metacyclic': [2549], 'recovered': [2552, 2566], 'top': [2555], 'layer,': [2560], 'procyclic': [2563], 'ones': [2564], '15%': [2569], 'layer.': [2571], 'washed': [2578], 'twice': [2579], 'RPMI': [2581, 2957, 3777, 3825], '1640': [2582, 2958, 3778, 3826], 'complemented': [2583], '25': [2585, 2960, 3780, 3828], 'HEPES': [2587, 2825, 2962, 3782], 'immediately': [2590], 'experiments.Purification': [2593], 'Galectins,': [2595], 'Preparation': [2596], 'Galectin': [2598], 'Affinity': [2599, 3414], 'Columns': [2600], 'Alexa': [2602, 2834, 2892, 2895, 3098], '488-labeled': [2603, 2798, 2893, 2896, 3099], 'Galectins—Recombinant': [2604], 'human': [2605], 'purified': [2608, 2899, 3183, 3350, 3368, 3996, 4059], 'described': [2610, 2984, 3152, 3207, 3390, 3423, 3583, 3622, 4296], 'previously': [2611, 2985, 3153, 3208, 3391, 3424, 4297], '45Oka': [2654], 'Murakami': [2656], 'Arata': [2658, 3449, 3467, 3907], 'Wada': [2664], 'Futai': [2666, 3479, 3919], 'Arch.': [2668], '361:': [2672], '195-201Crossref': [2673], '(49)': [2676, 3274], '46Matsushita': [2679], 'Nishi': [2681, 3469, 3909], 'Kuwabara': [2687], 'Liu': [2689], 'Nakamura': [2693, 3471, 3911], '275:': [2701], '8355-8360Abstract': [2702], '(125)': [2710], 'Scholar).To': [2712], 'prepare': [2713], 'galectin-immobilized': [2714, 2758], 'columns,': [2715], 'dissolved': [2720, 3501, 4118, 4190], '0.2': [2722], 'm': [2723, 2729, 2733], 'NaHCO3,': [2724], 'pH': [2725, 2860], '8.3,': [2726], '0.5': [2728, 3774], 'NaCl': [2730], '0.1': [2732], 'lactose': [2734, 2821, 2880, 2976], 'coupled': [2736], 'HiTrap': [2738], 'NHS-activated': [2739], 'columns': [2740], '(Amersham': [2741, 2876], 'Biosciences)': [2742, 2877], 'according': [2743, 2802], "manufacturer's": [2746, 2805, 3376, 3763], 'instructions.': [2747], 'After': [2748, 2852, 3033, 3291], 'washing': [2749, 3821], 'deactivating': [2751], 'excess': [2752, 2882], 'active': [2753], 'groups': [2754], 'ethanolamine,': [2756], 'agarose': [2759], 'beads': [2760], 'removed': [2762, 3110, 3320, 3819], 'cartridge.': [2765], 'Each': [2766, 4234], 'gel': [2767, 3333, 3353], 'matrix': [2768], 'suspended': [2770], 'PBS': [2772, 2817, 2967, 3023, 3117, 3127, 3503, 3837], '1': [2774, 2850, 3505], 'EDTA,': [2776], 'slurry': [2779], 'packed': [2781], 'stainless': [2784], 'steel': [2785], 'column': [2786, 2875, 3339, 3512, 3529, 3556, 4132, 4209, 4278], '(4.0': [2787], 'mm;': [2790], 'bed': [2791], 'column,': [2792, 3609], '0.126': [2793, 4214], 'ml,': [2794], 'GL': [2795], 'Sciences,': [2796], 'Inc.).Alexa': [2797], 'prepared': [2801, 4007], 'instructions': [2806, 3377], '(Molecular': [2807, 2842], 'Probes)': [2808, 3760], 'slight': [2811], 'modification.': [2812], 'first': [2827, 2870, 3612, 3981], 'transferred': [2828, 3074], 'manufacturer-supplied': [2831], 'bottle': [2832], '488': [2835], 'carboxylic': [2836], 'acid,': [2837], 'succinimidyl': [2838], 'ester,': [2839], 'dilithium': [2840], 'salt': [2841], 'Probes),': [2843], 'incubated': [2845, 2938, 3094, 3772, 3801], 'h.': [2851], 'terminating': [2853], 'labeling': [2855], 'reaction': [2856, 2867], 'adding': [2858], 'Tris-HCl,': [2859], '7.5': [2861], '(final': [2862], 'concentration': [2863, 3020, 3647, 3686, 3747, 4123, 4195, 4284], 'mm),': [2865], 'mixture': [2868, 3282, 4013], 'applied': [2871, 3509, 4128, 4167, 4206], 'PD10': [2874], 'remove': [2879], 'dye,': [2883], 'void': [2886], 'fraction': [2887, 3312], 'collected': [2889], 'obtain': [2891, 3719, 4264], 'galectin.': [2894], 'further': [2900, 3351], 'asialofetuin-agarose': [2902], '(32Sato': [2906, 3154], 'Scholar).Galectin': [2927], 'Binding': [2928, 3869], 'Parasites—Leishmania': [2932], '(1': [2934, 2942], '107)': [2936], '∼': [2943], 'μm)': [2945, 3797], '250': [2947], 'μl': [2948, 2954, 2965], 'buffer': [2950], 'consisting': [2951], '125': [2953, 2964], 'presence': [2970, 3014, 3795], 'absence': [2972, 3793], '4': [2978, 3105, 3132, 3278, 3300], '°C': [2979, 3133, 3301, 3535], '30': [2981, 3307, 3803], 'When': [3006], 'assays': [3009, 3678], 'performed': [3011], 'lactose,': [3016], 'sodium': [3018], 'chloride': [3019], 'adjusted': [3025], 'maintain': [3027], 'appropriate': [3028, 3085], 'osmolarity,': [3029], '317': [3031], 'mosmol/liter.': [3032], 'incubation,': [3035, 3810], 'parasite-free': [3036], 'supernatants': [3037, 3050], 'spinning': [3041], '4,500': [3043], '7': [3047], 'min.': [3048], 'fractionated': [3052, 3067, 3331], 'SDS-PAGE,': [3054], 'gels': [3059, 3072], 'stained': [3061], 'Coomassie': [3063], 'Brilliant': [3064], 'Blue.': [3065], 'Alternatively,': [3066], 'SDS-polyacrylamide': [3071], 'nitrocellulose': [3077], 'filters,': [3078], 'detected': [3082], 'antibody': [3086], 'galectin.For': [3088], 'flow': [3089, 3144, 3539, 4226], 'cytometric': [3090], 'analysis,': [3091, 3993], 'above': [3096, 4259], '15': [3102], '°C.': [3106, 3807, 4233], 'Unbound': [3107], 'brief': [3113], 'wash': [3114], 'ice-cold': [3116], 'twice,': [3118], 'fixed': [3122], '2%': [3124], 'formaldehyde': [3125], 'analyzed': [3135], 'relative': [3138], 'fluorescent': [3139], 'intensity': [3140], 'FACScalibur': [3143], 'cytometer': [3145], '(BD': [3146], 'Biosciences,': [3147], 'San': [3148], 'Jose,': [3149], 'CA)': [3150], 'Scholar).Polygalactosyllactose': [3175], 'Derivatives': [3176, 3877], 'Pyridylaminated': [3178], '(PA)': [3179], 'Oligosaccharides—Polygalactosyllactose': [3180], 'derivatives': [3181, 3348, 4056, 4107, 4117, 4177, 4188], 'milk': [3186, 4062], 'tammar': [3189, 4065], 'wallaby': [3190, 3289, 4066], '(Macropus': [3191], 'eugenii;': [3192], 'Michael': [3197], 'Messer,': [3198], 'Department': [3199], 'Biochemistry,': [3201], 'University': [3202], 'Sydney,': [3204], 'Australia)': [3205], '(47Messer': [3209], 'Green': [3211], 'Aust.': [3213], '1979;': [3217], '519-531Crossref': [3219], '(111)': [3222], '48Messer': [3225], 'Trifonoff': [3227, 3249, 4069, 4091], 'Stern': [3229, 4071], 'W.': [3230, 3482, 3922, 4072], 'Collins': [3231, 4073], 'J.G.': [3232, 3246, 4074, 4088], 'Bradbury': [3233, 3247, 4075, 4089], 'J.H.': [3234, 3248, 4076, 4090], 'Carbohydr.': [3235, 3253, 4077, 4095], '1980;': [3237, 4079], '83:': [3238, 4080], '327-334Crossref': [3239, 4081], '(85)': [3242, 4084], '49Collins': [3245, 4087], 'Messer': [3251, 4093], '1981;': [3255, 4097], '92:': [3256, 4098], '136-140Crossref': [3257, 4099], '(75)': [3260, 4102], '50Messer': [3263], 'Urashima': [3265, 3475, 3915], '153-176Crossref': [3272], 'volumes': [3279], 'chloroform/methanol': [3281], '(2:1,': [3283], 'v/v)': [3284], 'added': [3286], 'milk.': [3290], 'being': [3292], 'thoroughly': [3293], 'mixed': [3294], 'centrifugation': [3298], '3,500': [3303], 'min,': [3308], 'methanol/water': [3310], 'upper': [3311], 'oligosaccharides': [3314, 3327, 3369, 3386, 3895, 3902], 'obtained,': [3316], 'solvents': [3318], 'evaporation': [3322], 'followed': [3323], 'freeze-drying.': [3325], '(∼100': [3328], 'mg)': [3329], 'filtration': [3334, 3354], 'Sephadex': [3337], 'G-25': [3338], '2.5': [3342, 3361], 'cm,': [3343, 3362], 'Amersham': [3344], 'Biosciences),': [3345], 'polygalactosyllactose': [3347, 3729], 'Bio-Gel': [3357], 'P-4': [3358], 'Bio-Rad),': [3363], 'before.': [3366], 'labeled': [3371, 3752, 3785, 4109], 'PA': [3373, 4111], 'following': [3374, 3716, 3761], '(Takara': [3378], 'Shuzo,': [3379], 'Tokyo,': [3380], 'Japan).': [3381], 'purity': [3383], 'PA-labeled': [3385, 4142, 4175, 4186, 4238], 'confirmed': [3388], '(51Arata': [3392, 3425], '276:': [3402, 3435], '3068-3077Abstract': [3403, 3436], '(82)': [3411, 3444], 'Scholar).Frontal': [3413], 'Chromatography': [3415], '(FAC)': [3416], 'Analysis—FAC': [3417], 'carried': [3420], 'out': [3421], '52Hirabayashi': [3447], 'Chromatogr.': [3454], '890:': [3456], '261-271Crossref': [3457], '(64)': [3460], '53Hirabayashi': [3463], 'Hashidate': [3465, 3905], 'Oka': [3477, 3917], 'Muller': [3481, 3921], 'Yagi': [3483, 3923], 'F.': [3484, 3924], '232-254Crossref': [3492, 3932], '(813)': [3495, 3935], 'PA-oligosaccharide': [3499, 3553, 3576, 3650, 4256], 'EDTA': [3507], '2-ml': [3515, 4218], 'sample': [3516, 3525], 'loop': [3517, 3526, 4219], 'Rheodyne': [3521], '7725': [3522], 'injector.': [3523], 'immersed': [3531], 'water': [3536], 'bath.': [3537], 'rate': [3540, 4227], 'controlled': [3542], 'Shimadzu': [3545, 3561], 'LC-10Advp': [3546], 'pump': [3547], '0.25': [3549, 4229], 'ml/min.': [3550], 'Elution': [3551, 4139], 'monitored': [3558], 'PR10AxL': [3562], 'fluorescence': [3563], 'detector': [3564], '400': [3566], 'nm': [3567, 4126], '(excitation': [3568], '320': [3570], 'nm).': [3571], 'elution': [3573, 3586, 3657, 3665, 4235, 4261], 'volume': [3574, 3587, 3658, 3666], 'interest': [3578, 3652], '(Vf)': [3579], 'previously.': [3584], 'PA-oligosaccharide,': [3589], 'no': [3592, 3671], '(V0),': [3596], 'PA-rhamnose.The': [3601], 'total': [3602, 3638, 4271], 'amount': [3603, 3639, 4272], 'immobilized': [3605, 3641, 4181, 4274], 'Bt': [3610, 3635, 4268, 4318], 'PA-lacto-N-fucopentaose': [3616, 4289], 'I': [3617, 4290], '(Fucα1–2Galβ1–3GlcNAcβ1–3Galβ1–4GlcOPA)': [3618, 4291], 'equation': [3621, 3717], 'previously,': [3623], '[A]0·(Vf−V0)=BtKd·(Vf−V0)(Eq.': [3624], 'where': [3626], 'Kd': [3627, 3723, 4266], 'dissociation': [3630], 'constant': [3631], 'interacting': [3633], 'biomolecules,': [3634], 'ligand,': [3642], '[A]0': [3643], '(A),': [3653], 'Vf': [3654, 3701], 'A,': [3660], 'V0': [3662], 'PA-rhamnose,': [3668, 4156], 'As': [3675, 4154], 'employed': [3679], 'study,': [3682], '[A]0,': [3683, 3711], 'PA-oligosaccharides,': [3689], 'nm,': [3692, 4198], 'negligibly': [3695], 'small': [3696], 'compared': [3697], 'Kd.': [3699], 'approached': [3702], 'maximum': [3704], 'value,': [3705], 'Vf,': [3706], 'independent': [3709], 'values': [3721, 4319], 'derivative.': [3730], 'Vf-V0=Bt/Kd(Eq.': [3731], '2)': [3732], 'Infection': [3733], 'Macrophages': [3735], 'Parasites—Stationary': [3739], '107': [3749], 'cells/ml': [3750], 'tracker': [3755], 'green': [3756], '(4.65': [3757], 'μg/ml,': [3758], 'Molecular': [3759], 'instruction.': [3764], 'J774A.1': [3765], 'macrophages': [3766, 3817], '(2': [3767], '105': [3769], 'cells)': [3770, 3790], '(5': [3787], '106': [3789], '(1.6': [3796], '37': [3806], 'Following': [3808], 'associated': [3815], 'times': [3823], 'lysed': [3835], '1%': [3839], 'Triton': [3840], 'X-100.': [3841], 'Fluorescenceassociated': [3842], 'corresponds': [3845], 'bound': [3852], 'internalized': [3855], 'measured': [3859], 'fluorometric': [3862], 'plate': [3863], 'reader': [3864], '(PerSeptive': [3865], 'Biosystems).RESULTSAnalysis': [3866], 'Properties': [3870], 'Galectin-1': [3872], '-3': [3874, 4137, 4147, 4184, 4323], 'Polygalactosyllactose': [3876], 'FAC—We': [3879], 'developed': [3882], 'assay': [3884], 'system': [3885, 3943], 'assess': [3887, 3984], 'employing': [3897], 'FAC': [3898, 3992], 'fluorescence-tagged': [3901], '(53Hirabayashi': [3903], 'search': [3945], 'To': [3966, 4263], 'achieve': [3967], 'goal,': [3969], 'ubiquitously': [3973], 'tissues,': [3977], 'instead': [3998], 'major-derived': [4001], 'lipophosphoglycans': [4002], '(LPGs)': [4003], 'LPGs': [4006], '(Galβ1–3)n,': [4021], 'repeats': [4027], '(54McConville': [4028], 'Thomas-Oates': [4030], 'J.E.': [4031], 'Ferguson': [4032], 'Homans': [4034], 'S.W.': [4035], '265:': [4040], '19611-19623Abstract': [4041], '(R': [4048], '1).': [4051], '(Galβ1–3)nGalβ1–4Glc,': [4057], '(48Messer': [4067], 'residues.': [4112], 'PA-polygalactosyllactose': [4116], 'PBS-EDTA': [4120], 'continuously': [4129], 'galectin-1': [4135, 4145, 4182, 4321], 'agarose.': [4138], 'profiles': [4140, 4172], 'sugars': [4143], 'collectively': [4150], '2.': [4153], 'control,': [4155], 'does': [4158], 'column.Fig.': [4170], '2Elution': [4171], 'after': [4178], 'application': [4179], 'columns.': [4185], 'EDTA-PBS': [4192], 'solution': [4204], '(10': [4210], '4.0': [4212], 'mm,': [4213], 'ml)': [4215], '(inner': [4220], 'diameter,': [4221], '0.75': [4222], 'mm)': [4223], 'ml/min': [4230], 'pattern': [4236], 'oligosaccharide': [4239], 'superimposed': [4241], 'PA-rhamnose': [4245], 'so': [4246], 'retardation': [4249, 4287], 'seen.': [4252], 'patterns.': [4262], 'values,': [4269], 'calculated': [4280], 'analyzing': [4282], 'dependence': [4285], 'Equation': [4293], '1,': [4294], '(77Arata': [4298], 'Sekiguchi': [4300], 'Pharm.': [4307], 'Bull.': [4308], '14-18Crossref': [4311], '(5)': [4314], '2.3': [4325], '0.14': [4327], 'nmol,': [4328], 'respe': [4329]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2146222746', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 7}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-10T06:34:00.186927', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}
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