Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2145464134', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1999.60.105', 'title': 'In vitro susceptibility of African isolates of Plasmodium falciparum from Gabon to pyronaridine.', 'display_name': 'In vitro susceptibility of African isolates of Plasmodium falciparum from Gabon to pyronaridine.', 'publication_year': 1999, 'publication_date': '1999-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2145464134', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1999.60.105', 'mag': '2145464134', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9988332'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1999.60.105', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S100045985', 'display_name': 'American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene', 'issn_l': '0002-9637', 'issn': ['0002-9637', '1476-1645'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315658', 'host_organization_name': 'American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315658'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5078098543', 'display_name': 'Bruno Pradines', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2360-3803'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210128347', 'display_name': 'Institut de Médecine Tropicale du Service de Santé des Armées', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03px2kh57', 'country_code': 'FR', 'type': 'other', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210128347']}], 'countries': ['FR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'B Pradines', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Unité de Parasitologie, Institut de Médecine Tropicale du Service de Santé des Armées, Le Pharo, Marseille, France,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Unité de Parasitologie, Institut de Médecine Tropicale du Service de Santé des Armées, Le Pharo, Marseille, France,', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210128347']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5085743441', 'display_name': 'Modeste Mabika Mamfoumbi', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'M Mabika Mamfoumbi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5040879951', 'display_name': 'Daniel Parzy', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8066-4015'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'D Parzy', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5050926179', 'display_name': 'M. Owono Medang', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'M Owono Medang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5011292548', 'display_name': 'Catherine Lebeau', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'C Lebeau', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5078909687', 'display_name': 'Jean Romain Mourou Mbina', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'J R Mourou Mbina', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5053674467', 'display_name': 'J. C. Doury', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'J C Doury', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5022669400', 'display_name': 'M Kombila', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'M Kombila', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 2.007, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 38, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.913662, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 89, 'max': 90}, 'biblio': {'volume': '60', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '105', 'last_page': '108'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10091', 'display_name': 'Malaria Research and Control', 'score': 0.9983, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2739', 'display_name': 'Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10091', 'display_name': 'Malaria Research and Control', 'score': 0.9983, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2739', 'display_name': 'Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10890', 'display_name': 'Trypanosoma species research and implications', 'score': 0.9656, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2713', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10166', 'display_name': 'Mosquito-borne diseases and control', 'score': 0.9557, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2739', 'display_name': 'Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778371730', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q311383', 'display_name': 'Plasmodium falciparum', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.88593924}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202751555', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681', 'display_name': 'In vitro', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.67452216}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.47929803}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159047783', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215', 'display_name': 'Virology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.38703153}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C89423630', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193', 'display_name': 'Microbiology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.33519232}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778048844', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12156', 'display_name': 'Malaria', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.2925225}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C203014093', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929', 'display_name': 'Immunology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.1418472}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.093480736}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D000962', 'descriptor_name': 'Antimalarials', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009287', 'descriptor_name': 'Naphthyridines', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010963', 'descriptor_name': 'Plasmodium falciparum', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000293', 'descriptor_name': 'Adolescent', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000655', 'descriptor_name': 'Amodiaquine', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000655', 'descriptor_name': 'Amodiaquine', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000962', 'descriptor_name': 'Antimalarials', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002648', 'descriptor_name': 'Child', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002675', 'descriptor_name': 'Child, Preschool', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002738', 'descriptor_name': 'Chloroquine', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002738', 'descriptor_name': 'Chloroquine', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005681', 'descriptor_name': 'Gabon', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007223', 'descriptor_name': 'Infant', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016778', 'descriptor_name': 'Malaria, Falciparum', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000469', 'qualifier_name': 'parasitology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016778', 'descriptor_name': 'Malaria, Falciparum', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009287', 'descriptor_name': 'Naphthyridines', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010616', 'descriptor_name': 'Phenanthrenes', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010616', 'descriptor_name': 'Phenanthrenes', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010963', 'descriptor_name': 'Plasmodium falciparum', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011803', 'descriptor_name': 'Quinine', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011803', 'descriptor_name': 'Quinine', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1999.60.105', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S100045985', 'display_name': 'American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene', 'issn_l': '0002-9637', 'issn': ['0002-9637', '1476-1645'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315658', 'host_organization_name': 'American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315658'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9988332', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 35, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W110036584', 'https://openalex.org/W1981263527', 'https://openalex.org/W1993147489', 'https://openalex.org/W1996000724', 'https://openalex.org/W1996808398', 'https://openalex.org/W2007138719', 'https://openalex.org/W2025765364', 'https://openalex.org/W2038490127', 'https://openalex.org/W2060773984', 'https://openalex.org/W2065314419', 'https://openalex.org/W2066395419', 'https://openalex.org/W2074309033', 'https://openalex.org/W2074834150', 'https://openalex.org/W2078344000', 'https://openalex.org/W2092991593', 'https://openalex.org/W2094331166', 'https://openalex.org/W2094699628', 'https://openalex.org/W2113017111', 'https://openalex.org/W2133327615', 'https://openalex.org/W2136048889', 'https://openalex.org/W2140107000', 'https://openalex.org/W2147713383', 'https://openalex.org/W2160778580', 'https://openalex.org/W2347097111', 'https://openalex.org/W2359347365', 'https://openalex.org/W2409309988', 'https://openalex.org/W2414633040', 'https://openalex.org/W2414753455', 'https://openalex.org/W2416709061', 'https://openalex.org/W2420531167', 'https://openalex.org/W2443045943', 'https://openalex.org/W2463861955', 'https://openalex.org/W2474326975', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527', 'https://openalex.org/W97958962'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4391375266', 'https://openalex.org/W2951982051', 'https://openalex.org/W2788277189', 'https://openalex.org/W2370926696', 'https://openalex.org/W2130076355', 'https://openalex.org/W2119695867', 'https://openalex.org/W2082860237', 'https://openalex.org/W2046158694', 'https://openalex.org/W1993764875', 'https://openalex.org/W1990804418'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0, 33, 75, 168], 'in': [1, 79, 150, 156, 166, 170], 'vitro': [2, 80, 151, 157, 171], 'activity': [3], 'of': [4, 11, 40, 109, 164, 177], 'pyronaridine': [5, 47, 84, 110, 119, 128, 138], 'was': [6, 24, 48, 58, 85, 104], 'evaluated': [7], 'against': [8, 61, 72], '62': [9, 42], 'isolates': [10, 43, 63, 66, 92], 'Plasmodium': [12], 'falciparum': [13], 'from': [14, 44], 'Libreville,': [15], 'Gabon': [16, 45], 'using': [17], 'an': [18, 86, 95], 'isotopic,': [19], 'drug': [20], 'susceptibility': [21, 82], 'microtest': [22], 'and': [23, 30, 111, 120, 129, 137, 139], 'compared': [25], 'with': [26, 175], 'amodiaquine,': [27], 'chloroquine,': [28], 'quinine,': [29], 'halofantrine': [31, 140], 'activities.': [32], 'mean': [34], '50%': [35], 'inhibitory': [36], 'concentration': [37], '(IC50)': [38], 'values': [39], 'the': [41, 107], 'to': [46, 83], '3.0': [49], 'nM': [50], '(95%': [51], 'confidence': [52], 'interval': [53], '[CI]': [54], '=': [55, 114, 123, 132, 142], '2.1-3.9).': [56], 'Pyronaridine': [57], 'less': [59], 'potent': [60, 69], 'chloroquine-resistant': [62, 73], 'than': [64, 70], 'chloroquine-susceptible': [65], 'but': [67], 'more': [68], 'chloroquine': [71, 112], 'parasites.': [74], 'cut-off': [76], 'value': [77], 'for': [78], 'reduced': [81], 'IC50': [87, 96], '>': [88, 97], '15': [89, 98], 'nM.': [90, 99], 'Two': [91], '(3%)': [93], 'showed': [94], 'A': [100], 'significant': [101], 'positive': [102], 'correlation': [103, 148], 'found': [105], 'between': [106], 'activities': [108], '(r2': [113, 122, 131, 141], '0.26,': [115], 'P': [116, 125, 134, 144], '<': [117, 126, 135, 145], '0.001),': [118, 127, 136], 'quinine': [121], '0.36,': [124], 'amodiaquine': [130], '0.55,': [133], '0.50,': [143], '0.001).': [146], 'This': [147], 'suggests': [149], 'cross-resistance': [152, 165], 'or': [153], 'at': [154], 'least': [155], 'cross-susceptibility,': [158], 'which': [159], 'is': [160], 'not': [161], 'necessarily': [162], 'predictive': [163], 'vivo.': [167], 'present': [169], 'findings': [172], 'require': [173], 'comparison': [174], 'those': [176], 'clinical': [178], 'studies.': [179]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2145464134', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 4}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-07T18:09:39.580755', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}