Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2144597994', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s1521-6918(03)00048-9', 'title': 'Genetic polymorphisms in alcoholic pancreatitis', 'display_name': 'Genetic polymorphisms in alcoholic pancreatitis', 'publication_year': 2003, 'publication_date': '2003-06-30', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2144597994', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s1521-6918(03)00048-9', 'mag': '2144597994', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12828958'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s1521-6918(03)00048-9', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S67215617', 'display_name': 'Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology', 'issn_l': '1521-6918', 'issn': ['1521-6918', '1532-1916'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5065740540', 'display_name': 'Christoph Hanck', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I170201317', 'display_name': 'University of Pittsburgh', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01an3r305', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I170201317']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Christoph Hanck', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, PUH, University of Pittsburgh, 571 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, PUH, University of Pittsburgh, 571 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I170201317']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5055082801', 'display_name': 'Alexander Kleger', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0592-5232'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I170201317', 'display_name': 'University of Pittsburgh', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01an3r305', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I170201317']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Alexander Schneider', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, PUH, University of Pittsburgh, 571 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, PUH, University of Pittsburgh, 571 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I170201317']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5021037951', 'display_name': 'David C. Whitcomb', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4462-1410'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I170201317', 'display_name': 'University of Pittsburgh', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01an3r305', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I170201317']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'David C Whitcomb', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, PUH, University of Pittsburgh, 571 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, PUH, University of Pittsburgh, 571 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I170201317']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3390, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3390, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.257, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 45, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.51749, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 91, 'max': 92}, 'biblio': {'volume': '17', 'issue': '4', 'first_page': '613', 'last_page': '623'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10760', 'display_name': 'Diagnosis and Management of Pancreatitis', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10760', 'display_name': 'Diagnosis and Management of Pancreatitis', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10231', 'display_name': 'Pancreatic Cancer Research and Treatment', 'score': 0.9994, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2730', 'display_name': 'Oncology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10351', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology and Management of NAFLD', 'score': 0.995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2713', 'display_name': 'Epidemiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/pancreatic-disease', 'display_name': 'Pancreatic Disease', 'score': 0.515563}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-pancreatitis', 'display_name': 'Acute Pancreatitis', 'score': 0.512058}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/hereditary-pancreatitis', 'display_name': 'Hereditary pancreatitis', 'score': 0.45866978}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/pancreatitis,-chronic', 'display_name': 'Pancreatitis, chronic', 'score': 0.42374772}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2775967933', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1527888', 'display_name': 'Pancreatitis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.91668415}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781286802', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421373', 'display_name': 'Trypsinogen', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.9129561}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6584181}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778428886', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420470', 'display_name': 'Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5514834}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776737053', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7130407', 'display_name': 'Pancreatic disease', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5073325}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776382852', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3361967', 'display_name': 'Hereditary pancreatitis', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.45866978}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.45314038}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781397275', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1996053', 'display_name': 'Pancreatitis, chronic', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.42374772}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778764654', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9618', 'display_name': 'Pancreas', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.39631}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776938444', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178194', 'display_name': 'Cystic fibrosis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.38268155}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C90924648', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569', 'display_name': 'Gastroenterology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35776275}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.19281274}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.09092322}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780340462', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127450', 'display_name': 'Trypsin', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.06550318}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C181199279', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047', 'display_name': 'Enzyme', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D000428', 'descriptor_name': 'Alcohol Drinking', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000009', 'qualifier_name': 'adverse effects', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019512', 'descriptor_name': 'Pancreatitis, Alcoholic', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011110', 'descriptor_name': 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014357', 'descriptor_name': 'Trypsin', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000208', 'descriptor_name': 'Acute Disease', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000426', 'descriptor_name': 'Alcohol Dehydrogenase', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000426', 'descriptor_name': 'Alcohol Dehydrogenase', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000428', 'descriptor_name': 'Alcohol Drinking', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002352', 'descriptor_name': 'Carrier Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002908', 'descriptor_name': 'Chronic Disease', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019005', 'descriptor_name': 'Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019005', 'descriptor_name': 'Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020022', 'descriptor_name': 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020022', 'descriptor_name': 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006680', 'descriptor_name': 'HLA Antigens', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D036341', 'descriptor_name': 'Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D036341', 'descriptor_name': 'Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009154', 'descriptor_name': 'Mutation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019512', 'descriptor_name': 'Pancreatitis, Alcoholic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012307', 'descriptor_name': 'Risk Factors', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014359', 'descriptor_name': 'Trypsin Inhibitor, Kazal Pancreatic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014362', 'descriptor_name': 'Trypsinogen', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014362', 'descriptor_name': 'Trypsinogen', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000515', 'descriptor_name': 'alpha 1-Antitrypsin', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000515', 'descriptor_name': 'alpha 1-Antitrypsin', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s1521-6918(03)00048-9', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S67215617', 'display_name': 'Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology', 'issn_l': '1521-6918', 'issn': ['1521-6918', '1532-1916'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12828958', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.55, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 82, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W116693178', 'https://openalex.org/W130521237', 'https://openalex.org/W135364694', 'https://openalex.org/W1563800735', 'https://openalex.org/W1963785607', 'https://openalex.org/W1965013863', 'https://openalex.org/W1966335968', 'https://openalex.org/W1967689373', 'https://openalex.org/W1973895561', 'https://openalex.org/W1974427864', 'https://openalex.org/W1977157373', 'https://openalex.org/W1986293030', 'https://openalex.org/W1989732890', 'https://openalex.org/W1990388763', 'https://openalex.org/W1990814447', 'https://openalex.org/W1991299019', 'https://openalex.org/W1991968646', 'https://openalex.org/W1992509386', 'https://openalex.org/W1993245180', 'https://openalex.org/W1997718215', 'https://openalex.org/W1999338897', 'https://openalex.org/W2007687637', 'https://openalex.org/W2007883000', 'https://openalex.org/W2010097794', 'https://openalex.org/W2026222575', 'https://openalex.org/W2027550738', 'https://openalex.org/W2032618993', 'https://openalex.org/W2036026925', 'https://openalex.org/W2037196832', 'https://openalex.org/W2037394450', 'https://openalex.org/W2041258477', 'https://openalex.org/W2041275476', 'https://openalex.org/W2043970263', 'https://openalex.org/W2046750894', 'https://openalex.org/W2049155065', 'https://openalex.org/W2050994990', 'https://openalex.org/W2055186938', 'https://openalex.org/W2056005329', 'https://openalex.org/W2064765612', 'https://openalex.org/W2067112637', 'https://openalex.org/W2073598774', 'https://openalex.org/W2074772694', 'https://openalex.org/W2077411931', 'https://openalex.org/W2079293425', 'https://openalex.org/W2080291985', 'https://openalex.org/W2094669359', 'https://openalex.org/W2102973728', 'https://openalex.org/W2112051172', 'https://openalex.org/W2115898270', 'https://openalex.org/W2115917445', 'https://openalex.org/W2124151843', 'https://openalex.org/W2127465099', 'https://openalex.org/W2128409277', 'https://openalex.org/W2134975719', 'https://openalex.org/W2135298606', 'https://openalex.org/W2138695913', 'https://openalex.org/W2144278269', 'https://openalex.org/W2148770902', 'https://openalex.org/W2151505671', 'https://openalex.org/W2155854819', 'https://openalex.org/W2157798820', 'https://openalex.org/W2171380589', 'https://openalex.org/W2273171223', 'https://openalex.org/W2313829157', 'https://openalex.org/W2318596936', 'https://openalex.org/W2330410882', 'https://openalex.org/W2335419799', 'https://openalex.org/W2395380970', 'https://openalex.org/W2395931214', 'https://openalex.org/W2398652536', 'https://openalex.org/W2398908189', 'https://openalex.org/W2416294337', 'https://openalex.org/W2417280807', 'https://openalex.org/W2419711629', 'https://openalex.org/W278175732', 'https://openalex.org/W2888784002', 'https://openalex.org/W3208461235', 'https://openalex.org/W322991780', 'https://openalex.org/W4240450482', 'https://openalex.org/W4247324383', 'https://openalex.org/W4248265303', 'https://openalex.org/W62679926'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3021114294', 'https://openalex.org/W2914646539', 'https://openalex.org/W2147404206', 'https://openalex.org/W2119054539', 'https://openalex.org/W2113767160', 'https://openalex.org/W2063345033', 'https://openalex.org/W2042784854', 'https://openalex.org/W2032618993', 'https://openalex.org/W1988522872', 'https://openalex.org/W1964572933'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Chronic,': [0], 'excessive': [1], 'alcohol': [2, 21], 'consumption': [3, 22], 'is': [4, 125], 'clearly': [5], 'associated': [6, 87, 120], 'with': [7, 88, 121], 'acute': [8, 68], 'and': [9, 15, 34, 52, 69, 104], 'chronic': [10, 70, 90, 123], 'pancreatitis.': [11, 28, 91], 'However,': [12, 116], 'both': [13], 'clinical': [14], 'laboratory': [16], 'studies': [17], 'have': [18], 'demonstrated': [19], 'that': [20, 32, 57], 'alone': [23], 'does': [24], 'not': [25], 'directly': [26], 'cause': [27], 'Growing': [29], 'evidence': [30], 'suggests': [31], 'environmental': [33], 'possibly': [35], 'genetic': [36, 76], 'cofactors': [37], 'must': [38], 'also': [39], 'be': [40, 114, 128], 'present': [41], 'before': [42], 'the': [43, 46, 60, 80, 94, 117], 'mechanisms': [44], 'protecting': [45], 'pancreas': [47], 'from': [48], 'pancreatitis': [49, 53, 71, 124], 'are': [50, 85], 'circumvented': [51], 'develops.': [54], 'The': [55], 'discovery': [56], 'mutations': [58, 111], 'in': [59, 79, 93], 'cationic': [61, 81], 'trypsinogen': [62, 82], 'gene': [63, 96], '(R122H,': [64], 'N29I)': [65], 'predisposed': [66], 'to': [67, 113, 127], 'focused': [72], 'attention': [73], 'on': [74], 'possible': [75], 'predispositions.': [77], 'Mutations': [78, 92], 'gene,': [83], 'however,': [84], 'rarely': [86], 'alcoholic': [89, 122], 'SPINK1': [95], '(e.g.': [97], 'N34S)': [98], 'provide': [99], 'a': [100], 'threefold': [101], 'increased': [102], 'risk,': [103], 'cystic': [105], 'fibrosis': [106], 'transmembrane': [107], 'conductance': [108], 'regulator': [109], '(CFTR)': [110], 'continue': [112], 'investigated.': [115], 'major': [118], 'cofactor': [119], 'yet': [126], 'identified.': [129]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2144597994', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-23T17:24:02.561987', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}