Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2143208806', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-409x(95)00039-a', 'title': 'Surface modification of nanoparticles to oppose uptake by the mononuclear phagocyte system', 'display_name': 'Surface modification of nanoparticles to oppose uptake by the mononuclear phagocyte system', 'publication_year': 1995, 'publication_date': '1995-10-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2143208806', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-409x(95)00039-a', 'mag': '2143208806'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-409x(95)00039-a', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S114437232', 'display_name': 'Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews', 'issn_l': '0169-409X', 'issn': ['0169-409X', '1872-8294'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5023784321', 'display_name': 'Gert Storm', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4296-2761'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I193662353', 'display_name': 'Utrecht University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04pp8hn57', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I193662353']}], 'countries': ['NL'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Gert Storm', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Groningen Utrecht Institute for Drug Exploration (GUIDE), P.O. Box 80082, Utrecht, The Netherlands'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Groningen Utrecht Institute for Drug Exploration (GUIDE), P.O. Box 80082, Utrecht, The Netherlands', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I193662353']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5041735992', 'display_name': 'Sheila O. Belliot', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I193662353', 'display_name': 'Utrecht University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04pp8hn57', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I193662353']}], 'countries': ['NL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Sheila O. Belliot', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Groningen Utrecht Institute for Drug Exploration (GUIDE), P.O. Box 80082, Utrecht, The Netherlands'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Groningen Utrecht Institute for Drug Exploration (GUIDE), P.O. Box 80082, Utrecht, The Netherlands', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I193662353']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5018392015', 'display_name': 'Toos Daemen', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0166-512X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I169381384', 'display_name': 'University of Groningen', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/012p63287', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I169381384']}], 'countries': ['NL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Toos Daemen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Physiological Chemistry, Groningen Institute for Drug Studies (GIDS), Groningen University, Groningen Utrecht Institute for Drug Exploration (GUIDE), Groningen, The Netherlands'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Physiological Chemistry, Groningen Institute for Drug Studies (GIDS), Groningen University, Groningen Utrecht Institute for Drug Exploration (GUIDE), Groningen, The Netherlands', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I169381384']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5042420536', 'display_name': 'Danilo D. Lasič', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Danilo D. Lasic', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Mega Bios Corp., San Carlos, CA, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Mega Bios Corp., San Carlos, CA, USA', 'institution_ids': []}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5023784321'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I193662353'], 'apc_list': {'value': 5150, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 5150, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 8.712, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 861, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999411, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '17', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '31', 'last_page': '48'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10063', 'display_name': 'Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2502', 'display_name': 'Biomaterials'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10063', 'display_name': 'Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2502', 'display_name': 'Biomaterials'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10920', 'display_name': 'Mucosal Drug Delivery Systems', 'score': 0.9982, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3003', 'display_name': 'Pharmaceutical Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/30', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11510', 'display_name': 'Immunological Mechanisms in Pregnancy and Fetal-Maternal Interface', 'score': 0.9917, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2403', 'display_name': 'Immunology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/24', 'display_name': 'Immunology and Microbiology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/mononuclear-phagocyte-system', 'display_name': 'Mononuclear phagocyte system', 'score': 0.9590504}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/biodistribution', 'display_name': 'Biodistribution', 'score': 0.7454834}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-modification', 'display_name': 'Surface modification', 'score': 0.595903}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/microparticle', 'display_name': 'Microparticle', 'score': 0.5634992}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/phagocyte', 'display_name': 'Phagocyte', 'score': 0.5376597}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/polymeric-nanoparticles', 'display_name': 'Polymeric Nanoparticles', 'score': 0.515693}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-nanoparticles', 'display_name': 'Magnetic Nanoparticles', 'score': 0.502257}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C19702531', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929966', 'display_name': 'Mononuclear phagocyte system', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9590504}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777807558', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4914764', 'display_name': 'Biodistribution', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7454834}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C155672457', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61231', 'display_name': 'Nanoparticle', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6392913}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185154212', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410454', 'display_name': 'Liposome', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6112315}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C115537861', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7645993', 'display_name': 'Surface modification', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.595903}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777521759', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61186', 'display_name': 'Microparticle', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5634992}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C171250308', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468', 'display_name': 'Nanotechnology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5619178}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777700362', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107647', 'display_name': 'Phagocyte', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5376597}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C59789625', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181780', 'display_name': 'Colloid', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5050741}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.45605916}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781448156', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570182', 'display_name': 'Coating', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41577262}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C12554922', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100', 'display_name': 'Biophysics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4089868}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C160448771', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184726', 'display_name': 'Phagocytosis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.3421681}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.32292727}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42360764', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588', 'display_name': 'Chemical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.24505359}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.20731768}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C203014093', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929', 'display_name': 'Immunology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.14148632}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.13992146}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.1156131}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.08697736}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C147789679', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372', 'display_name': 'Physical chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202751555', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681', 'display_name': 'In vitro', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-409x(95)00039-a', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S114437232', 'display_name': 'Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews', 'issn_l': '0169-409X', 'issn': ['0169-409X', '1872-8294'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 104, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1419207898', 'https://openalex.org/W146887938', 'https://openalex.org/W147474172', 'https://openalex.org/W1493641014', 'https://openalex.org/W1496273425', 'https://openalex.org/W1516107827', 'https://openalex.org/W1538749670', 'https://openalex.org/W1543073867', 'https://openalex.org/W1558309606', 'https://openalex.org/W1580482124', 'https://openalex.org/W1967747401', 'https://openalex.org/W1972115779', 'https://openalex.org/W1979996756', 'https://openalex.org/W1980118172', 'https://openalex.org/W1980775178', 'https://openalex.org/W1981724756', 'https://openalex.org/W1984941242', 'https://openalex.org/W1988660569', 'https://openalex.org/W1991936087', 'https://openalex.org/W1994715192', 'https://openalex.org/W1996343692', 'https://openalex.org/W2001101070', 'https://openalex.org/W2001759836', 'https://openalex.org/W2005556449', 'https://openalex.org/W2006789961', 'https://openalex.org/W2007376312', 'https://openalex.org/W2009344870', 'https://openalex.org/W2011857527', 'https://openalex.org/W2012147940', 'https://openalex.org/W2014505196', 'https://openalex.org/W2015582643', 'https://openalex.org/W2016614476', 'https://openalex.org/W2017744382', 'https://openalex.org/W2020916125', 'https://openalex.org/W2022765714', 'https://openalex.org/W2029310882', 'https://openalex.org/W2029749273', 'https://openalex.org/W2032369546', 'https://openalex.org/W2037736901', 'https://openalex.org/W2038037909', 'https://openalex.org/W2039340383', 'https://openalex.org/W2039884231', 'https://openalex.org/W2041179949', 'https://openalex.org/W2044701545', 'https://openalex.org/W2045020855', 'https://openalex.org/W2047038957', 'https://openalex.org/W2048744566', 'https://openalex.org/W2054889106', 'https://openalex.org/W2057483530', 'https://openalex.org/W2060079510', 'https://openalex.org/W2064813228', 'https://openalex.org/W2065245211', 'https://openalex.org/W2066499693', 'https://openalex.org/W2067786915', 'https://openalex.org/W2069916281', 'https://openalex.org/W2071293421', 'https://openalex.org/W2071896997', 'https://openalex.org/W2074907280', 'https://openalex.org/W2075579043', 'https://openalex.org/W2081908460', 'https://openalex.org/W2082724742', 'https://openalex.org/W2082885247', 'https://openalex.org/W2083522507', 'https://openalex.org/W2088709823', 'https://openalex.org/W2091282668', 'https://openalex.org/W2093007266', 'https://openalex.org/W2093353723', 'https://openalex.org/W2097246107', 'https://openalex.org/W2120081489', 'https://openalex.org/W2121374199', 'https://openalex.org/W2122767035', 'https://openalex.org/W2130070005', 'https://openalex.org/W2130930036', 'https://openalex.org/W2137000696', 'https://openalex.org/W2139326763', 'https://openalex.org/W2140897179', 'https://openalex.org/W2142939378', 'https://openalex.org/W2144117958', 'https://openalex.org/W2146808024', 'https://openalex.org/W2147182047', 'https://openalex.org/W2155071834', 'https://openalex.org/W2160025282', 'https://openalex.org/W2164932141', 'https://openalex.org/W2237382470', 'https://openalex.org/W225968618', 'https://openalex.org/W2262600383', 'https://openalex.org/W2330082078', 'https://openalex.org/W2333038355', 'https://openalex.org/W2344025857', 'https://openalex.org/W2402078009', 'https://openalex.org/W2410903173', 'https://openalex.org/W2413280811', 'https://openalex.org/W2415103048', 'https://openalex.org/W2482531400', 'https://openalex.org/W2484349682', 'https://openalex.org/W2500546069', 'https://openalex.org/W2507004611', 'https://openalex.org/W2570009097', 'https://openalex.org/W2596693430', 'https://openalex.org/W3025713423', 'https://openalex.org/W4206507674', 'https://openalex.org/W4212841973', 'https://openalex.org/W59014913', 'https://openalex.org/W645533449'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4301160447', 'https://openalex.org/W3125110844', 'https://openalex.org/W2993316991', 'https://openalex.org/W2406056542', 'https://openalex.org/W2351056297', 'https://openalex.org/W2085412510', 'https://openalex.org/W2024059762', 'https://openalex.org/W1997192444', 'https://openalex.org/W1977062092', 'https://openalex.org/W1527770344'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'An': [0], 'overview': [1], 'of': [2, 9, 50, 68, 71, 89], 'recent': [3], 'advances': [4], 'in': [5, 65], 'the': [6, 16, 26, 38, 46, 57, 60, 66, 69, 77], 'surface': [7], 'modification': [8], 'colloidal': [10, 27], 'particles': [11, 28, 41], 'to': [12], 'oppose': [13], 'uptake': [14], 'by': [15], 'mononuclear': [17], 'phagocyte': [18], 'system': [19], '(MPS)': [20], 'is': [21, 63], 'presented.': [22], 'First,': [23], 'we': [24], 'describe': [25], 'and': [29, 48, 86], 'hydrophilic': [30], 'coating': [31], 'materials': [32], 'investigated,': [33], 'with': [34], 'particular': [35], 'focus': [36], 'on': [37], 'literature': [39, 78], 'concerning': [40], 'other': [42], 'than': [43], 'liposomes.': [44], 'Then': [45], 'pharmacokinetics': [47], 'biodistribution': [49], 'these': [51], 'MPS-opposing': [52], 'systems': [53], 'are': [54], 'summarized.': [55], 'Finally,': [56], 'mechanism': [58], 'behind': [59], 'MPS-avoidance': [61], 'phenomenon': [62], 'discussed': [64], 'light': [67], 'concept': [70], 'steric': [72], 'stabilization.': [73], 'We': [74], 'conclude': [75], 'that': [76], 'reviewed': [79], 'provides': [80], 'enough': [81], 'promise': [82], 'for': [83], 'anticipating': [84], 'therapeutic': [85], 'diagnostic': [87], 'applications': [88], 'surface-modified': [90], 'nanoparticles.': [91]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2143208806', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 23}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 27}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 31}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 28}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 32}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 43}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 41}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 33}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 49}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 54}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 63}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 78}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-10T04:33:40.070114', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}