Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2140351517', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmcb.2004.825931', 'title': 'Facial Action Recognition for Facial Expression Analysis From Static Face Images', 'display_name': 'Facial Action Recognition for Facial Expression Analysis From Static Face Images', 'publication_year': 2004, 'publication_date': '2004-05-13', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2140351517', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmcb.2004.825931', 'mag': '2140351517', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15484916'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmcb.2004.825931', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210170378', 'display_name': 'IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Part B (Cybernetics)', 'issn_l': '1083-4419', 'issn': ['1083-4419', '1941-0492'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319808', 'host_organization_name': 'Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319808'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://repository.tudelft.nl/file/File_af09a06e-374a-40f1-ac54-89d825d30efb?preview=1', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5016033078', 'display_name': 'Maja Pantić', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3620-5986'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I98358874', 'display_name': 'Delft University of Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02e2c7k09', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I98358874']}], 'countries': ['NL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'M. Pantic', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Dept. of Electr. Eng., Delft. Univ. of Technol., Netherlands'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Dept. of Electr. Eng., Delft. Univ. of Technol., Netherlands', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I98358874']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5039878081', 'display_name': 'Léon Rothkrantz', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9821-088X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I98358874', 'display_name': 'Delft University of Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02e2c7k09', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I98358874']}], 'countries': ['NL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'L.J.M. Rothkrantz', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Dept. of Electr. Eng., Delft. Univ. of Technol., Netherlands'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Dept. of Electr. Eng., Delft. Univ. of Technol., Netherlands', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I98358874']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 12.288, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 408, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999879, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '34', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '1449', 'last_page': '1461'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10057', 'display_name': 'Face and Expression Recognition', 'score': 0.9982, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1707', 'display_name': 'Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10057', 'display_name': 'Face and Expression Recognition', 'score': 0.9982, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1707', 'display_name': 'Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11448', 'display_name': 'Face recognition and analysis', 'score': 0.9945, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1707', 'display_name': 'Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11398', 'display_name': 'Hand Gesture Recognition Systems', 'score': 0.9939, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1709', 'display_name': 'Human-Computer Interaction'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/fiducial-marker', 'display_name': 'Fiducial marker', 'score': 0.6449332}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/feature', 'display_name': 'Feature (linguistics)', 'score': 0.598361}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-muscles', 'display_name': 'Facial muscles', 'score': 0.5772745}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/face-hallucination', 'display_name': 'Face hallucination', 'score': 0.48759618}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/three-dimensional-face-recognition', 'display_name': 'Three-dimensional face recognition', 'score': 0.4585026}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.752128}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C31972630', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240', 'display_name': 'Computer vision', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.6882047}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6665226}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C195704467', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968', 'display_name': 'Facial expression', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.64756095}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C173974348', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469893', 'display_name': 'Fiducial marker', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6449332}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779304628', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480', 'display_name': 'Face (sociological concept)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6090626}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776401178', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496', 'display_name': 'Feature (linguistics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.598361}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780905192', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2341604', 'display_name': 'Facial muscles', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5772745}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C207347870', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174', 'display_name': 'Gesture', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5396502}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54654163', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428359', 'display_name': 'Face hallucination', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.48759618}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C40346341', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1391629', 'display_name': 'Facial Action Coding System', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.46736026}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153180895', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389', 'display_name': 'Pattern recognition (psychology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4640035}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C88799230', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398329', 'display_name': 'Three-dimensional face recognition', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.4585026}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C31510193', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553', 'display_name': 'Facial recognition system', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.44477248}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C4641261', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085', 'display_name': 'Face detection', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.31706727}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.13841513}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C46312422', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024', 'display_name': 'Communication', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.12356469}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C36289849', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749', 'display_name': 'Social science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41895202', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162', 'display_name': 'Linguistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144024400', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201', 'display_name': 'Sociology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D000465', 'descriptor_name': 'Algorithms', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001185', 'descriptor_name': 'Artificial Intelligence', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005145', 'descriptor_name': 'Face', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000033', 'qualifier_name': 'anatomy & histology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005145', 'descriptor_name': 'Face', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005149', 'descriptor_name': 'Facial Expression', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007090', 'descriptor_name': 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010363', 'descriptor_name': 'Pattern Recognition, Automated', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005145', 'descriptor_name': 'Face', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007090', 'descriptor_name': 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010781', 'descriptor_name': 'Photography', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010781', 'descriptor_name': 'Photography', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011187', 'descriptor_name': 'Posture', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011187', 'descriptor_name': 'Posture', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015203', 'descriptor_name': 'Reproducibility of Results', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012680', 'descriptor_name': 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmcb.2004.825931', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210170378', 'display_name': 'IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Part B (Cybernetics)', 'issn_l': '1083-4419', 'issn': ['1083-4419', '1941-0492'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319808', 'host_organization_name': 'Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319808'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a979df31-59f3-43de-8ae8-bbf810058219', 'pdf_url': 'https://repository.tudelft.nl/file/File_af09a06e-374a-40f1-ac54-89d825d30efb?preview=1', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400906', 'display_name': 'Research Repository (Delft University of Technology)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I98358874', 'host_organization_name': 'Delft University of Technology', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I98358874'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Delft University of Technology'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15484916', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a979df31-59f3-43de-8ae8-bbf810058219', 'pdf_url': 'https://repository.tudelft.nl/file/File_af09a06e-374a-40f1-ac54-89d825d30efb?preview=1', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400906', 'display_name': 'Research Repository (Delft University of Technology)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I98358874', 'host_organization_name': 'Delft University of Technology', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I98358874'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Delft University of Technology'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 28, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1509031088', 'https://openalex.org/W1528162760', 'https://openalex.org/W1575783360', 'https://openalex.org/W1588539311', 'https://openalex.org/W172249463', 'https://openalex.org/W1968773332', 'https://openalex.org/W1981995549', 'https://openalex.org/W2007431552', 'https://openalex.org/W2009375902', 'https://openalex.org/W2034058812', 'https://openalex.org/W2106390385', 'https://openalex.org/W2121601095', 'https://openalex.org/W2124260943', 'https://openalex.org/W2132966102', 'https://openalex.org/W2133180260', 'https://openalex.org/W2135192052', 'https://openalex.org/W2146532890', 'https://openalex.org/W2147736639', 'https://openalex.org/W2154611638', 'https://openalex.org/W2159017231', 'https://openalex.org/W2160947254', 'https://openalex.org/W2163945819', 'https://openalex.org/W2171939880', 'https://openalex.org/W2171955986', 'https://openalex.org/W2172182949', 'https://openalex.org/W2257788605', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527', 'https://openalex.org/W626130559'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W325114128', 'https://openalex.org/W3137049019', 'https://openalex.org/W3014933091', 'https://openalex.org/W2151042192', 'https://openalex.org/W2127865934', 'https://openalex.org/W2045740033', 'https://openalex.org/W2036250785', 'https://openalex.org/W2020188713', 'https://openalex.org/W1934795841', 'https://openalex.org/W1557146082'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Automatic': [0], 'recognition': [1, 142], 'of': [2, 14, 21, 65, 80, 94, 97, 144], 'facial': [3, 6, 37, 51, 67, 82, 99, 106], 'gestures': [4, 38], '(i.e.,': [5], 'muscle': [7, 107], 'activity)': [8], 'is': [9, 54, 146], 'rapidly': [10], 'becoming': [11], 'an': [12, 29], 'area': [13], 'intense': [15], 'interest': [16], 'in': [17, 39, 113], 'the': [18, 59, 63, 66, 71, 74, 77, 81, 95, 98, 124, 131, 135], 'research': [19], 'field': [20], 'machine': [22], 'vision.': [23], 'In': [24], 'this': [25], 'paper,': [26], 'we': [27, 33, 84], 'present': [28], 'automated': [30], 'system': [31], 'that': [32], 'developed': [34], 'to': [35, 50, 56], 'recognize': [36], 'static,': [40], 'frontal-': [41], 'and/or': [42], 'profile-view': [43], 'color': [44], 'face': [45], 'images.': [46], 'A': [47, 141], 'multidetector': [48], 'approach': [49], 'feature': [52], 'localization': [53], 'utilized': [55, 125], 'spatially': [57], 'sample': [58], 'profile': [60], 'contour': [61], 'and': [62, 73, 90], 'contours': [64, 79, 96], 'components': [68], 'such': [69], 'as': [70], 'eyes': [72], 'mouth.': [75], 'From': [76], 'extracted': [78], 'features,': [83], 'extract': [85], 'ten': [86], 'profile-contour': [87], 'fiducial': [88, 92], 'points': [89, 93], '19': [91], 'components.': [100], 'Based': [101], 'on': [102], 'these,': [103], '32': [104], 'individual': [105], 'actions': [108], '(AUs)': [109], 'occurring': [110], 'alone': [111], 'or': [112], 'combination': [114], 'are': [115], 'recognized': [116], 'using': [117], 'rule-based': [118], 'reasoning.': [119], 'With': [120], 'each': [121], 'scored': [122], 'AU,': [123], 'algorithm': [126], 'associates': [127], 'a': [128], 'factor': [129], 'denoting': [130], 'certainty': [132], 'with': [133], 'which': [134], 'pertinent': [136], 'AU': [137], 'has': [138], 'been': [139], 'scored.': [140], 'rate': [143], '86%': [145], 'achieved.': [147]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2140351517', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 19}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 18}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 19}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 25}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 26}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 25}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 25}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 26}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 28}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 26}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-12T07:38:49.618971', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}