Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2139970353', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3109/00365518109097444', 'title': 'Possible roles for the membrane cytoskeleton in regulating red cell stability and deformability', 'display_name': 'Possible roles for the membrane cytoskeleton in regulating red cell stability and deformability', 'publication_year': 1981, 'publication_date': '1981-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2139970353', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3109/00365518109097444', 'mag': '2139970353', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6459641'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3109/00365518109097444', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S5501027', 'display_name': 'Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation', 'issn_l': '0036-5513', 'issn': ['0036-5513', '1502-7686'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320547', 'host_organization_name': 'Taylor & Francis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Taylor & Francis'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5103479296', 'display_name': 'Stephen B. Shohet', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I169071179', 'display_name': 'Cancer Research Institute', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02f3xk561', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I169071179']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I180670191', 'display_name': 'University of California, San Francisco', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/043mz5j54', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I180670191']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Stephen B. Shohet', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I169071179', 'https://openalex.org/I180670191']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5103479296'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I169071179', 'https://openalex.org/I180670191'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.349, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 3, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.504189, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 67, 'max': 70}, 'biblio': {'volume': '41', 'issue': 'sup156', 'first_page': '123', 'last_page': '130'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12286', 'display_name': 'Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2737', 'display_name': 'Physiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12286', 'display_name': 'Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2737', 'display_name': 'Physiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11721', 'display_name': 'Blood properties and coagulation', 'score': 0.9971, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2740', 'display_name': 'Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10407', 'display_name': 'Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior', 'score': 0.9862, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/fragmentation', 'display_name': 'Fragmentation', 'score': 0.49355137}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/band-3', 'display_name': 'Band 3', 'score': 0.46941432}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-membrane', 'display_name': 'Cell membrane', 'score': 0.46370938}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C50244902', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420870', 'display_name': 'Spectrin', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.9683379}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142669718', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154626', 'display_name': 'Cytoskeleton', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.9084867}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95444343', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141', 'display_name': 'Cell biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.61578166}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776557347', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37187', 'display_name': 'Red blood cell', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5445384}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41625074', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088', 'display_name': 'Membrane', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5381639}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C191015642', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132459', 'display_name': 'Fragmentation (computing)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.49355137}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.49332395}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C1491633281', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7868', 'display_name': 'Cell', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4772025}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776589458', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425149', 'display_name': 'Band 3', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.46941432}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778106830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29548', 'display_name': 'Cell membrane', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.46370938}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144647389', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423042', 'display_name': 'Membrane protein', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.38104838}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.27066678}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D004910', 'descriptor_name': 'Erythrocyte Membrane', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004912', 'descriptor_name': 'Erythrocytes', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000743', 'descriptor_name': 'Anemia, Hemolytic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000743', 'descriptor_name': 'Anemia, Hemolytic', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000097', 'qualifier_name': 'blood', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017487', 'descriptor_name': 'Ankyrins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000906', 'descriptor_name': 'Antibodies', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001665', 'descriptor_name': 'Binding Sites', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D055598', 'descriptor_name': 'Chemical Phenomena', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002621', 'descriptor_name': 'Chemistry', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004492', 'descriptor_name': 'Edetic Acid', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004492', 'descriptor_name': 'Edetic Acid', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004910', 'descriptor_name': 'Erythrocyte Membrane', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004910', 'descriptor_name': 'Erythrocyte Membrane', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000648', 'qualifier_name': 'ultrastructure', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004912', 'descriptor_name': 'Erythrocytes', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004913', 'descriptor_name': 'Erythrocytes, Abnormal', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004913', 'descriptor_name': 'Erythrocytes, Abnormal', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000648', 'qualifier_name': 'ultrastructure', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005614', 'descriptor_name': 'Freeze Fracturing', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008565', 'descriptor_name': 'Membrane Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008565', 'descriptor_name': 'Membrane Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051379', 'descriptor_name': 'Mice', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008815', 'descriptor_name': 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010766', 'descriptor_name': 'Phosphorylation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013049', 'descriptor_name': 'Spectrin', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013049', 'descriptor_name': 'Spectrin', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013049', 'descriptor_name': 'Spectrin', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013103', 'descriptor_name': 'Spherocytosis, Hereditary', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013103', 'descriptor_name': 'Spherocytosis, Hereditary', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000097', 'qualifier_name': 'blood', 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3109/00365518109097444', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S5501027', 'display_name': 'Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation', 'issn_l': '0036-5513', 'issn': ['0036-5513', '1502-7686'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320547', 'host_organization_name': 'Taylor & Francis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Taylor & Francis'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6459641', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.48, 'display_name': 'Life on land', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 9, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1492741817', 'https://openalex.org/W1529505485', 'https://openalex.org/W1581960434', 'https://openalex.org/W1989186324', 'https://openalex.org/W2056210266', 'https://openalex.org/W2062051274', 'https://openalex.org/W2075329247', 'https://openalex.org/W2087781766', 'https://openalex.org/W2088087292'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4251927050', 'https://openalex.org/W249101901', 'https://openalex.org/W2104851111', 'https://openalex.org/W2062051274', 'https://openalex.org/W2059805118', 'https://openalex.org/W2056210266', 'https://openalex.org/W1996959443', 'https://openalex.org/W1991646755', 'https://openalex.org/W1964172803', 'https://openalex.org/W155547602'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Several': [0], 'observations': [1], 'suggest': [2], 'the': [3, 10, 31, 41, 53, 85, 100, 137], 'presence': [4], 'of': [5, 14, 30, 35, 40, 55, 108], 'a': [6], 'membrane': [7, 120, 122, 138], 'cytoskeleton': [8, 21, 86, 101], 'in': [9, 22, 87, 98, 119], 'red': [11, 24], 'cell.': [12], 'Some': [13], 'these': [15, 113, 131], 'imply': [16], 'possible': [17], 'roles': [18], 'for': [19, 84, 90], 'that': [20, 39, 130], 'regulating': [23], 'cell': [25, 115], 'shape': [26], 'and': [27, 58, 61, 124, 140], 'deformability.': [28], 'One': [29], 'most': [32], 'striking': [33], 'examples': [34], 'this': [36, 46, 91], 'role': [37, 83], 'is': [38, 49, 63, 76], 'spectrin-free': [42], 'spherocytic': [43], 'mouse.': [44], 'In': [45], 'condition,': [47], 'spectrin': [48, 111], 'virtually': [50], 'absent': [51], 'from': [52], 'membranes': [54], 'erythrocyte': [56], 'cells': [57], 'osmotic': [59, 125], 'fragility': [60], 'survival': [62], 'markedly': [64], 'affected.': [65], 'The': [66], 'mice': [67], 'are': [68, 133], 'afflicted': [69], 'with': [70, 79], 'an': [71], 'extreme': [72], 'haemolytic': [73], 'anaemia': [74], 'which': [75, 99], 'barely': [77], 'compatible': [78], 'life.': [80], 'An': [81], 'unequivocal': [82], 'being': [88], 'responsible': [89], 'disorder': [92], 'has': [93, 102], 'been': [94, 103], 'shown': [95], 'through': [96, 136], 'experiments': [97], 'reconstituted': [104], 'by': [105], 'specific': [106], 'rebinding': [107], 'normal': [109], 'mouse': [110], 'to': [112], 'defective': [114], 'membranes.': [116], 'Marked': [117], 'improvement': [118], 'fragmentation,': [121], 'fusion,': [123], 'stability': [126], 'following': [127], 'reconstitution': [128], 'indicated': [129], 'functions': [132], 'partially': [134], 'regulated': [135], 'cytoskeleton,': [139], 'its': [141], 'predominant': [142], 'protein,': [143], 'spectrin.': [144]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2139970353', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-12-12T10:08:47.402541', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}