Title: From Necropolis to Blackpolis: Necropolitical Governance and Black Spatial Praxis in São Paulo, Brazil
Abstract: AntipodeVolume 46, Issue 2 p. 323-339 Paper From Necropolis to Blackpolis: Necropolitical Governance and Black Spatial Praxis in São Paulo, Brazil Jaime Amparo Alves, Jaime Amparo Alves [email protected] Centro de Estudios Afrodiasporicos (CEAF/ICESI) / The African and African Diaspora Studies Department, University of Texas at Austin, TX, USASearch for more papers by this author Jaime Amparo Alves, Jaime Amparo Alves [email protected] Centro de Estudios Afrodiasporicos (CEAF/ICESI) / The African and African Diaspora Studies Department, University of Texas at Austin, TX, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 11 October 2013 https://doi.org/10.1111/anti.12055Citations: 63Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract Based on ethnographic work on police-linked death squads and with black women's organizations, this article analyzes current urban governance policies and the spatial politics of resistance embraced by communities under siege in Brazil. Space matters not only in terms of defining one's access to the polis, but also as a deadly tool through which police killings, economic marginalization, and mass incarceration produce the very geographies (here referred to as "the black necropolis") that the state aims to counteract in its war against the black urban poor. Yet, within the context of necropolitical governance, blackness appears as a spatially grounded praxis that enables victims of state terror to reclaim their placeless location as a political resource for redefining themselves and the polis. References Alexander M (2010) The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness. New York: The New Press Alves J A (2011) Topografias da violência: Necropoder e governamentalidade espacial em São Paulo. Revista do Departamento de Geografia da USP 22: 108–134 Alves J A (forthcoming) "Enemies of the State: On PCC, Contested Sovereignties and Urban Survival in São Paulo." Unpublished manuscript P Amar (ed) (2009) New Racial Missions of Policing: International Perspectives on Evolving Law-Enforcement Politics. London: Routledge Anderson B (1994) Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. New York: Verso Araujo M F (2001) Reestruturacao produtiva e transformacoes económicas. São Paulo em Perspectiva 15(1): 20–30 Barbosa M I (1998) "Racismo e saúde." Unpublished PhD thesis, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo Basthi A (2003) Desigualdades de Gênero e Raça no Brasil. Articulação de Mulheres Negras Brasileiras (AMNB) Brown J (2005) Dropping Anchor, Setting Sail: Geographies of Race in Black Liverpool. Princeton: Princeton University Press Butler J (2006) Precarious Life: The Power of Mourning and Violence. New York: Verso Caldeira T (2000) City of Walls: Crime, Segregation, and Citizenship in São Paulo. Berkeley: University of California Press Cano I (1997) Racial biases in the lethality of police action in Brazil. Universidade do Rio de Janeiro, http://www.lpp-uerj.net/olped/documentos/ppcor/0061.pdf (last accessed 1 May 2008) Carbado D (1999) The Construction of O.J. Simpson as a Racial Victim. New York: New York University Press Carby H V(1992) Policing the Black woman's body in an urban context. Critical Inquiry 18: 738–755 Cardia N (1997) O medo da polícia e as graves violações dos direitos humanos. Revista Tempo Social 9(1): 249–265 Carneiro S (1995) Gênero, raça e ascenção social. Estudos Feministas 3(2): 544–552 Carril L (2006) Quilombo, favela e periferia: a longa busca da cidadania. São Paulo: Annablume Editora Carvalho J M (1999) Os bestializados: o Rio de Janeiro e a Republica que nao foi. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras Chevigny P (1995) Edge of the Knife: Police Violence in the Americas. New York: New Press Collins P H (1990) Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment. New York: Routledge Collins P H (2007) Shifting the center: Race, class, and feminist theorizing about motherhood. In S J Ferguson (ed) Shifting the Center: Understanding Contemporary Families 375–346. New York: McGraw Hill Condepe (2006) Crimes de Maio. São Paulo: Imprensa Oficial do Estado de São Paulo Costa L (2003) O ideário urbano paulista na virada do século. São Carlos: Rima Denyer Willis G (2009) Deadly Symbiosis? The PCC, the State and the Institutionalization of Violence in São Paulo. In G Jones and D Rodgers (eds) Youth Violence in Latin America. New York: Palgrave DIEESE (1998) Mapa da População Negra no Mercado de Trabalho, Sao Paulo. Feltran G (2010) Crime e castigo na Cidade: Os repertórios da justiça e a questão do homicídio nas periferias de São Paulo. Caderno CRH 23(58): 59–73 Fernandes F (1972) O Negro no Mundo dos Brancos. São Paulo: Difel Flauzina A (2008) "Corpo negro caido no chao: O sistema penal e o projeto genocida do estado brasileiro." Unpublished MA thesis, Universidade de Brasilia. Fry P (1995) Why Brazil is different. Times Literary Supplement 8 December Galdeano A (2009) "Para falar em nome da seguranca o que pensam, querem e fazem os representantes dos Conselhos Comunitários de Segurança. Tese de Doutorado." http://cutter.unicamp.br/document/?code=000468698 (last accessed 21 August 2013) Gilmore R (2007) Golden Gulag: Prisons, Surplus, Crisis, and Opposition in Globalizing California. Berkeley: University of California Press Goldstein D (2003) Laughter Out of Place: Race, Class, Violence, and Sexuality in a Rio Shantytown. Berkeley: University of California Press Herbert S and Brown E (2006) Conceptions of space and crime in the punitive neoliberal city. Antipode 38(4): 755–777 Hinton M (2005) A distant reality: Democratic policing in Argentina and Brazil. Criminal Justice: International Journal of Policy and Practice 5(1): 75–100 Holston J and Caldeira T(1999) Democracy and violence in Brazil. Comparative Studies in Society and History 41(4): 691–729 H R Watch (2009) Lethal Force: Police Violence and Public Security in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. Washington: Human Rights Watch James J and Vargas J (2012) "Refusing Blackness-as-Victimization: Trayvon Martin and the Black Cyborgs." Unpublished manuscript, University of Texas at Austin Justiça Global (2006) São Paulo sob Achaque: Corrupção Crime Organizado e Violência Institucional em Maio de 2006. Cambridge: International Human Rights Clinic Lefebvre H (1991 [1974]) The Production of Space. Oxford: Blackwell Lovell P A (2006) Race, gender, and work in São Paulo, Brazil, 1960–2000. Latin American Research Review 41(3): 63–87 Marcos F and Maggie I (2007) Divisões Perigosas: Políticas Raciais no Brazil Contemporâneo. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira Martinot S and Sexton J (2003) The avant-garde of white supremacy. Social Identities 9(2): 169–181 Mbembe A (2003) Necropolitics. Public Culture 15(1): 11–40 McCallum C (2005) Racialized bodies, naturalized classes: Moving through the city of Salvador/Bahia. American Ethnologist 32(1): 100–117 McIntyre M and Nast H (2011) Bio(necro)polis: Marx, surplus populations, and the spatial dialectics of reproduction and 'race'. Antipode 43(5): 1465–1488 McKittrick K (2006) Demonic Grounds: Black Women and the Cartographies of Struggle. Durham: Duke University Press McKittrick K (2011) On plantations, prisons, and a black sense of place. Social and Cultural Geography 12(8): 947–963 Mesquita Neto P (1999) Policiamento Comunitário: A experiência em São Paulo. Revista Brasileira de Ciências Criminais 7(25): 281–292 Montali L (2003) Relação família-trabalho: Reestruturação produtiva e desemprego. São Paulo em Perspectiva 17(2) Musumeci L, Fonseca Da Silva G S and Da Conceição G M (2006) Geografia da violencia na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, 2000–2005. Boletim Segurança e Cidadania 5(11): 1–20 O'Donnell G (1998) Polyarchies and the (un)rule of law in Latin America. Latin American Studies Association. http://lasa.international.pitt.edu/LASA98/O'Donnell.pdf (last accessed 1 May 2011) Oliveira R (2008) "Segregação urbana e residencial em São Paulo: As periferias de Brasilândia, Cidade Tiradentes e Jardim Ângela." Unpublished PhD thesis, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo Parenti C (1999) Lockdown America: Police and Prisons in the Age of Crisis. London: Verso Pinheiro P S, Izumino E A and Jakimiak Fernandes M C (1991) Violência Fatal: Conflitos Policiais em São Paulo (1981–1989). Revista USP, Dossiê Violência 9: 95–112 Pochmann M (2001) A metrópole do trabalho. São Paulo: Brasiliense Ramos S and Musumeci L (2005) Elemento Suspeito. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira Roberts D and Mahtani M (2010) Neoliberalizing race, racing neoliberalism: Placing "race" in neoliberal discourses. Antipode 42(2): 248–257 Rocha L (2012) Black mothers' experiences of violence in Rio de Janeiro. Cultural Dynamics 24(1): 59–73 Rolnik R (1989) Territórios negros nas cidades brasileiras. Estudos Afro-Asiáticos 17: 29–41 Romio J (2009) Homicídio de mulheres negras na cidade de São Paulo. In V Vierira and J Johnson (eds) Retratos e Espelhos: Raça e Etnicidade no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos (pp 225–248). São Paulo: FEA/USP Samara T (2010) Order and security in the city: Producing race and policing neoliberal spaces in South Africa. Ethnic and Racial Studies 33(4): 637–655 Sansone L (2002) Fugindo para a forca: Cultura corporativista e "cor" na polcia militar do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Estudos Afro-Asiaticos 24(3): 513–532 Sansone L (2003) Blackness Without Ethnicity: Constructing Race in Brazil. New York: Palgrave Santos S B (2008) "Brazilian Black women's NGOs and their struggles in the area of reproductive rights." Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Texas at Austin Schmitt C (2005) Political Theology (trans G Schwab). Chicago: University of Chicago Press Sexton J (2011) The social life of social death: On Afro-pessimism and black optimism. InTensions 5. http://www.yorku.ca/intent/issue5/articles/jaredsexton.php (last accessed 21 August 2013) Sheriff R (2001) Dreaming Equality: Color, Race, and Racism in Urban Brazil. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press Silva D (2009) No-bodies: Law, raciality, and the territory of justice. Griffith Law Review 18(2): 213–236 Silva J (1998) Violência e Racismo no Rio de Janeiro. Niterói: Editora da Universidade Federal Fluminense Soja E (1980) The socio-spatial dialectic. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 70(2): 207–225 Spillers H J (1984) Interstices: A small drama of words. In C S Vance (ed) Pleasure and Danger: Exploring Female Sexuality (pp 73–100). London: Routledge and Kegan Paul Taylor D (1997) Disappearing Acts: Spectacles of Gender and Nationalism in Argentina's "Dirty War". Durham: Duke University Press Telles E (1992) Skin color and racial segregation in Brazil. American Sociological Review 57(2): 186–197 Valladares L (2005) A invencao da favela: Do mito de origem a favela. Rio de Janeiro: Editora FGV Vargas J (2004) Hyperconsciousness of race and its negation: The dialectic of white supremacy in Brazil. Identities: Global Studies in Culture and Power 11: 443–470 Vargas J (2005) Apartheid brasileiro: Raça e segregação residencial no Rio de Janeiro. Revista de Antropologia 48(1): 75–131 Vargas J and Alves J (2010) Geographies of death: An intersectional analysis of police lethality and the racialized regimes of citizenship in São Paulo. Ethnic and Racial Studies 33(4): 611–636 Veras M (2000) Trocando Olhares: uma introdução á construção socilógica da cidade. São Paulo: Studio Nobel/Educ. Wacquant L (2004) Deadly Symbiosis: Race and the Rise of Neoliberal Penality. Cambridge: Polity Waiselfisz J (2012) Mapa da Violencia. Brasilia: Unesco. Wilderson F (2003) Gramsci's Black Marx: Whither the slave in civil society? Social Identities 9(2): 229–230 Wright M W (2006) Disposable Women and Other Myths of Global Capitalism. New York: Routledge Wright M W (2011) Necropolitics, narcopolitics, and femicide: Gendered violence on the Mexico–U.S. border. Signs 36(3): 707–731 Zaluar A (1994) Condomínio do Diabo. Rio de Janeiro: Revan-UFRJ From Necropolis to Blackpolis Citing Literature Volume46, Issue2March 2014Pages 323-339 ReferencesRelatedInformation
Publication Year: 2013
Publication Date: 2013-10-11
Language: en
Type: article
Indexed In: ['crossref']
Access and Citation
Cited By Count: 83
AI Researcher Chatbot
Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot