Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2138948198', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-6180-2013-21', 'title': 'Tropospheric ozone column retrieval from OMI data by means of neural networks: a validation exercise with ozone soundings over Europe', 'display_name': 'Tropospheric ozone column retrieval from OMI data by means of neural networks: a validation exercise with ozone soundings over Europe', 'publication_year': 2013, 'publication_date': '2013-02-19', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2138948198', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-6180-2013-21', 'mag': '2138948198'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-6180-2013-21', 'pdf_url': 'https://asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1687-6180-2013-21', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S35920007', 'display_name': 'EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing', 'issn_l': '1687-6172', 'issn': ['1687-6172', '1687-6180'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1687-6180-2013-21', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5090697008', 'display_name': 'Antonio Di Noia', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5052-0763'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I49206369', 'display_name': 'SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02wc0kq10', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2800991832', 'https://openalex.org/I49206369']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I116067653', 'display_name': 'University of Rome Tor Vergata', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02p77k626', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I116067653']}], 'countries': ['IT', 'NL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Antonio Di Noia', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Earth Observation Laboratory, Department of Civil and Computer Engineering, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy', 'SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I49206369']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Earth Observation Laboratory, Department of Civil and Computer Engineering, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I116067653']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5020423189', 'display_name': 'Pasquale Sellitto', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7440-2350'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I204730241', 'display_name': 'Université Paris Cité', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05f82e368', 'country_code': 'FR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I204730241']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1294671590', 'display_name': 'Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02feahw73', 'country_code': 'FR', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1294671590']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210135273', 'display_name': 'Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/046cjf283', 'country_code': 'FR', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1294671590', 'https://openalex.org/I197681013', 'https://openalex.org/I204730241', 'https://openalex.org/I4210135273', 'https://openalex.org/I4210148025']}], 'countries': ['FR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Pasquale Sellitto', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Laboratoire Inter-universitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques, UMR7583, CNRS—Universités Paris-Est et Paris Diderot, Créteil, France'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Laboratoire Inter-universitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques, UMR7583, CNRS—Universités Paris-Est et Paris Diderot, Créteil, France', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I204730241', 'https://openalex.org/I1294671590', 'https://openalex.org/I4210135273']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5024242637', 'display_name': 'Fabio Del Frate', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1655-0643'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I116067653', 'display_name': 'University of Rome Tor Vergata', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02p77k626', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I116067653']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Fabio Del Frate', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Earth Observation Laboratory, Department of Civil and Computer Engineering, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Earth Observation Laboratory, Department of Civil and Computer Engineering, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I116067653']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5083584490', 'display_name': 'Marco Cervino', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4226-8537'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210096500', 'display_name': 'Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00n8ttd98', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210096500', 'https://openalex.org/I4210155236']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Marco Cervino', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Istituto di Scienze dell’Atmosfera e del Clima, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Istituto di Scienze dell’Atmosfera e del Clima, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210096500']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5104129256', 'display_name': 'Marco Iarlori', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I26415053', 'display_name': "University of L'Aquila", 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01j9p1r26', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I26415053']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Marco Iarlori', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ["CETEMPS, Department of Physics, University of L'Aquila, Coppito-L'Aquila, Italy"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': "CETEMPS, Department of Physics, University of L'Aquila, Coppito-L'Aquila, Italy", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I26415053']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5021104102', 'display_name': 'V. Rizi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5277-6527'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I26415053', 'display_name': "University of L'Aquila", 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01j9p1r26', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I26415053']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Vincenzo Rizi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ["CETEMPS, Department of Physics, University of L'Aquila, Coppito-L'Aquila, Italy"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': "CETEMPS, Department of Physics, University of L'Aquila, Coppito-L'Aquila, Italy", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I26415053']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 3, 'institutions_distinct_count': 7, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 1140, 'currency': 'GBP', 'value_usd': 1398, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 1140, 'currency': 'GBP', 'value_usd': 1398, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 0.382, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 6, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.695371, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 81, 'max': 83}, 'biblio': {'volume': '2013', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11320', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Ozone and Climate', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1902', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11320', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Ozone and Climate', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1902', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10075', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols', 'score': 0.9971, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1902', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11588', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics', 'score': 0.9958, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2306', 'display_name': 'Global and Planetary Change'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/tropospheric-ozone', 'display_name': 'Tropospheric ozone', 'score': 0.83001554}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ozone-monitoring-instrument', 'display_name': 'Ozone Monitoring Instrument', 'score': 0.82469404}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/tropopause', 'display_name': 'Tropopause', 'score': 0.7315664}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776349674', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2298060', 'display_name': 'Tropospheric ozone', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.83001554}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779118152', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1863449', 'display_name': 'Ozone Monitoring Instrument', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.82469404}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C9075549', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40631', 'display_name': 'Troposphere', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.73418224}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C171420983', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186433', 'display_name': 'Tropopause', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7315664}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39432304', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847', 'display_name': 'Environmental science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.63597476}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C508106653', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36933', 'display_name': 'Ozone', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.55789495}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153294291', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261', 'display_name': 'Meteorology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5079792}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62649853', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687', 'display_name': 'Remote sensing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.50019073}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C19269812', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540', 'display_name': 'Satellite', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44483536}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C163861444', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108376', 'display_name': 'Stratosphere', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44040135}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C50644808', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776', 'display_name': 'Artificial neural network', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43211043}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C91586092', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric sciences', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35103208}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.29228395}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.14618269}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.115599364}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C205649164', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071', 'display_name': 'Geography', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.097144276}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.06570506}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C1276947', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333', 'display_name': 'Astronomy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-6180-2013-21', 'pdf_url': 'https://asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1687-6180-2013-21', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S35920007', 'display_name': 'EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing', 'issn_l': '1687-6172', 'issn': ['1687-6172', '1687-6180'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-6180-2013-21', 'pdf_url': 'https://asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1687-6180-2013-21', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S35920007', 'display_name': 'EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing', 'issn_l': '1687-6172', 'issn': ['1687-6172', '1687-6180'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.54, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14', 'display_name': 'Life below water'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 42, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1496802556', 'https://openalex.org/W1548396839', 'https://openalex.org/W1554663460', 'https://openalex.org/W1555872863', 'https://openalex.org/W1585803698', 'https://openalex.org/W1600090550', 'https://openalex.org/W1610255191', 'https://openalex.org/W1672771901', 'https://openalex.org/W1919572585', 'https://openalex.org/W1965525807', 'https://openalex.org/W1966896480', 'https://openalex.org/W1971908813', 'https://openalex.org/W1982279704', 'https://openalex.org/W1989201954', 'https://openalex.org/W2004545547', 'https://openalex.org/W2010951644', 'https://openalex.org/W2011572253', 'https://openalex.org/W2018470527', 'https://openalex.org/W2022375582', 'https://openalex.org/W2023936515', 'https://openalex.org/W2028131251', 'https://openalex.org/W2046373487', 'https://openalex.org/W2062189058', 'https://openalex.org/W2070214237', 'https://openalex.org/W2075411600', 'https://openalex.org/W2075746020', 'https://openalex.org/W2083133115', 'https://openalex.org/W2093200821', 'https://openalex.org/W2099295390', 'https://openalex.org/W2104454241', 'https://openalex.org/W2105955816', 'https://openalex.org/W2113092017', 'https://openalex.org/W211649734', 'https://openalex.org/W2128346119', 'https://openalex.org/W2131398782', 'https://openalex.org/W2149684959', 'https://openalex.org/W2153559972', 'https://openalex.org/W2155829461', 'https://openalex.org/W2165165309', 'https://openalex.org/W2173251738', 'https://openalex.org/W4240733927', 'https://openalex.org/W4388297464'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4281784265', 'https://openalex.org/W3016237695', 'https://openalex.org/W2953097348', 'https://openalex.org/W2308430873', 'https://openalex.org/W2186753883', 'https://openalex.org/W2125410588', 'https://openalex.org/W2041513311', 'https://openalex.org/W2014479891', 'https://openalex.org/W198674763', 'https://openalex.org/W121031842'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0, 62, 92, 138], 'retrieval': [1, 84, 176], 'of': [2, 16, 25, 40, 94, 102, 119, 122, 155], 'the': [3, 14, 23, 38, 41, 45, 117, 146, 152, 156, 161, 165, 175], 'tropospheric': [4, 17, 27, 42, 82], 'ozone': [5, 28, 43, 83], 'column': [6], 'from': [7, 29, 85], 'satellite': [8], 'data': [9], 'is': [10, 48], 'very': [11], 'important': [12], 'for': [13, 81, 171], 'characterization': [15], 'chemical': [18], 'and': [19, 111, 135, 158], 'physical': [20], 'properties.': [21], 'However,': [22], 'task': [24], 'retrieving': [26], 'space': [30], 'has': [31, 57, 69], 'to': [32, 44, 58, 100, 145], 'face': [33], 'with': [34, 125], 'one': [35], 'fundamental': [36], 'difficulty:': [37], 'contribution': [39], 'measured': [46], 'radiances': [47], 'overwhelmed': [49], 'by': [50, 74], 'a': [51, 76, 120], 'much': [52], 'stronger': [53], 'stratospheric': [54], 'signal,': [55], 'which': [56], 'be': [59], 'reliably': [60], 'filtered.': [61], 'Tor': [63], 'Vergata': [64], 'University': [65], 'Earth': [66], 'Observation': [67], 'Laboratory': [68], 'recently': [70], 'addressed': [71], 'this': [72, 95, 115, 123], 'issue': [73], 'developing': [75], 'neural': [77], 'network': [78], '(NN)': [79], 'algorithm': [80, 96, 124], 'NASA-Aura': [86], 'Ozone': [87, 109], 'Monitoring': [88], 'Instrument': [89], '(OMI)': [90], 'data.': [91], 'performances': [93], 'were': [97], 'proven': [98], 'comparable': [99], 'those': [101], 'more': [103], 'consolidated': [104], 'algorithms,': [105], 'such': [106], 'as': [107], 'Tropospheric': [108], 'Residual': [110], 'Optimal': [112], 'Estimation.': [113], 'In': [114], 'article,': [116], 'results': [118, 139], 'validation': [121], 'measurements': [126], 'performed': [127], 'at': [128], 'six': [129], 'European': [130], 'ozonesonde': [131], 'sites': [132], 'are': [133, 149], 'shown': [134], 'critically': [136], 'discussed.': [137], 'indicate': [140], 'that': [141, 159], 'systematic': [142], 'errors,': [143, 173], 'related': [144], 'tropopause': [147, 162], 'pressure,': [148], 'present': [150], 'in': [151, 164], 'current': [153], 'version': [154], 'algorithm,': [157], 'including': [160], 'pressure': [163], 'NN': [166], 'input': [167], 'vector': [168], 'can': [169], 'compensate': [170], 'these': [172], 'enhancing': [174], 'accuracy': [177], 'significantly.': [178]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2138948198', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-18T08:52:20.553797', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}