Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2137234361', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.02.006', 'title': 'Mental toughness in sport: Achievement level, gender, age, experience, and sport type differences', 'display_name': 'Mental toughness in sport: Achievement level, gender, age, experience, and sport type differences', 'publication_year': 2009, 'publication_date': '2009-03-15', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2137234361', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.02.006', 'mag': '2137234361'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.02.006', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S151331055', 'display_name': 'Personality and Individual Differences', 'issn_l': '0191-8869', 'issn': ['0191-8869', '1873-3549'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://research.edgehill.ac.uk/files/20144825/Nicholls_Polman_Levy__Backhouse_(2009)_FINAL.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5008905959', 'display_name': 'Adam R. Nicholls', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8883-5445'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I191240316', 'display_name': 'University of Hull', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04nkhwh30', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I191240316']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Adam R. Nicholls', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University of Hull, Department of Psychology, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of Hull, Department of Psychology, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I191240316']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5019897192', 'display_name': 'Remco Polman', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2951-0904'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I185852735', 'display_name': 'University of Central Lancashire', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/010jbqd54', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I185852735']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Remco C.J. Polman', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Centre for Applied Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, United Kingdom'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Centre for Applied Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, United Kingdom', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I185852735']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5025307970', 'display_name': 'Andrew R. Levy', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6709-4190'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I130828816', 'display_name': 'University of Leeds', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/024mrxd33', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I130828816']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Andrew R. Levy', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Centre of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Leeds, United Kingdom'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Centre of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Leeds, United Kingdom', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I130828816']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5068797218', 'display_name': 'Susan H. Backhouse', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4810-5173'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I84027002', 'display_name': 'Leeds Beckett University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02xsh5r57', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I84027002']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Susan H. Backhouse', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Carnegie Research Institute, Leeds Metropolitan University, United Kingdom'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Carnegie Research Institute, Leeds Metropolitan University, United Kingdom', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I84027002']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 4, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3380, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3380, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 5.979, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 172, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999866, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '47', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '73', 'last_page': '75'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10813', 'display_name': 'Sport Psychology and Performance', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3204', 'display_name': 'Developmental and Educational Psychology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/32', 'display_name': 'Psychology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10813', 'display_name': 'Sport Psychology and Performance', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3204', 'display_name': 'Developmental and Educational Psychology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/32', 'display_name': 'Psychology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11400', 'display_name': 'Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports', 'score': 0.999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3207', 'display_name': 'Social Psychology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/32', 'display_name': 'Psychology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10157', 'display_name': 'Sports Performance and Training', 'score': 0.9962, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2732', 'display_name': 'Orthopedics and Sports Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-toughness', 'display_name': 'Mental Toughness', 'score': 0.991545}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777457970', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6817499', 'display_name': 'Mental toughness', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.991545}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.7776376}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781054738', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4813730', 'display_name': 'Athletes', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7438284}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776459890', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3297812', 'display_name': 'Club', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5354059}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134362201', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309', 'display_name': 'Mental health', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45821115}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C70410870', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906', 'display_name': 'Clinical psychology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.42983764}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138496976', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002', 'display_name': 'Developmental psychology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.40953925}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C1862650', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005', 'display_name': 'Physical therapy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.17509478}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C118552586', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867', 'display_name': 'Psychiatry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.1660704}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.10005769}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105702510', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514', 'display_name': 'Anatomy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.02.006', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S151331055', 'display_name': 'Personality and Individual Differences', 'issn_l': '0191-8869', 'issn': ['0191-8869', '1873-3549'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://research.edgehill.ac.uk/en/publications/87fd4696-7258-4aec-8a56-3fce66d91f91', 'pdf_url': 'https://research.edgehill.ac.uk/files/20144825/Nicholls_Polman_Levy__Backhouse_(2009)_FINAL.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402462', 'display_name': 'Edge Hill University Research Information Repository (Edge Hill University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I165525304', 'host_organization_name': 'Edge Hill University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I165525304'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Edge Hill University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://research.edgehill.ac.uk/ws/files/20144825/Nicholls_Polman_Levy__Backhouse_(2009)_FINAL.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'https://research.edgehill.ac.uk/ws/files/20144825/Nicholls_Polman_Levy__Backhouse_(2009)_FINAL.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402462', 'display_name': 'Edge Hill University Research Information Repository (Edge Hill University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I165525304', 'host_organization_name': 'Edge Hill University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I165525304'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Edge Hill University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://research.edgehill.ac.uk/en/publications/87fd4696-7258-4aec-8a56-3fce66d91f91', 'pdf_url': 'https://research.edgehill.ac.uk/files/20144825/Nicholls_Polman_Levy__Backhouse_(2009)_FINAL.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402462', 'display_name': 'Edge Hill University Research Information Repository (Edge Hill University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I165525304', 'host_organization_name': 'Edge Hill University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I165525304'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Edge Hill University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.52, 'display_name': 'Gender equality', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 11, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1984975621', 'https://openalex.org/W1986471938', 'https://openalex.org/W2014310605', 'https://openalex.org/W2061086853', 'https://openalex.org/W2074359777', 'https://openalex.org/W2155700971', 'https://openalex.org/W2499541413', 'https://openalex.org/W2525730330', 'https://openalex.org/W632182246', 'https://openalex.org/W639098526', 'https://openalex.org/W68161865'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4309328431', 'https://openalex.org/W4207024109', 'https://openalex.org/W3161353417', 'https://openalex.org/W2900689059', 'https://openalex.org/W2143835493', 'https://openalex.org/W2101335484', 'https://openalex.org/W2075943303', 'https://openalex.org/W2061706186', 'https://openalex.org/W2048702849', 'https://openalex.org/W2028427348'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2137234361', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 23}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 18}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 8}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-19T17:44:23.416405', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}