Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2134702398', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1136-3_8', 'title': 'The Apicoplast: A Parasite’s Symbiont', 'display_name': 'The Apicoplast: A Parasite’s Symbiont', 'publication_year': 2014, 'publication_date': '2014-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2134702398', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1136-3_8', 'mag': '2134702398'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1136-3_8', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463937', 'display_name': 'Springer eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'book-chapter', 'type_crossref': 'book-chapter', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5009013134', 'display_name': 'Lilach Sheiner', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5909-2307'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I165733156', 'display_name': 'University of Georgia', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00te3t702', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I165733156']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Lilach Sheiner', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases & Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, 500 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, 30602, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases & Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, 500 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, 30602, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I165733156']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5015049795', 'display_name': 'Boris Striepen', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7426-432X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I165733156', 'display_name': 'University of Georgia', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00te3t702', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I165733156']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Boris Striepen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases & Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, 500 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, 30602, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases & Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, 500 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, 30602, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I165733156']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.926, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 1, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.539979, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 66, 'max': 73}, 'biblio': {'volume': None, 'issue': None, 'first_page': '209', 'last_page': '238'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10303', 'display_name': 'Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms', 'score': 0.9985, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10303', 'display_name': 'Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms', 'score': 0.9985, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10252', 'display_name': 'Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis', 'score': 0.9945, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2736', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11879', 'display_name': 'Protist diversity and phylogeny', 'score': 0.9939, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/apicoplast', 'display_name': 'Apicoplast', 'score': 0.97604537}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/protist', 'display_name': 'Protist', 'score': 0.8054226}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/obligate', 'display_name': 'Obligate', 'score': 0.78708184}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/obligate-parasite', 'display_name': 'Obligate parasite', 'score': 0.6108353}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/organelle', 'display_name': 'Organelle', 'score': 0.52676004}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/endosymbiosis', 'display_name': 'Endosymbiosis', 'score': 0.5116761}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/plasmodium', 'display_name': 'Plasmodium (life cycle)', 'score': 0.5030498}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2775855988', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1825478', 'display_name': 'Apicoplast', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.97604537}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C93829228', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165963', 'display_name': 'Plastid', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.9284855}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.81861687}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778330419', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10892', 'display_name': 'Protist', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8054226}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C24990904', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7075144', 'display_name': 'Obligate', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.78708184}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781023229', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193030', 'display_name': 'Apicomplexa', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.7475517}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C99498324', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7075151', 'display_name': 'Obligate parasite', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6108353}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C91066513', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38348', 'display_name': 'Phylum', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5476271}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C168240541', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45948', 'display_name': 'Organelle', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.52676004}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199733737', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4531856', 'display_name': 'Endosymbiosis', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.5116761}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778675580', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614956', 'display_name': 'Plasmodium (life cycle)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5030498}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C78458016', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400', 'display_name': 'Evolutionary biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.44806683}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71928629', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q804206', 'display_name': 'Parasite hosting', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.3920095}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C59822182', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441', 'display_name': 'Botany', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.28321633}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778048844', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12156', 'display_name': 'Malaria', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.2774256}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778371730', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q311383', 'display_name': 'Plasmodium falciparum', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.22043273}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.18949544}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126831891', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221673', 'display_name': 'Host (biology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.1764395}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.15608457}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C69305403', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47263', 'display_name': 'Chloroplast', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.11391443}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.09312382}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136764020', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466', 'display_name': 'World Wide Web', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C203014093', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929', 'display_name': 'Immunology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1136-3_8', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306463937', 'display_name': 'Springer eBooks', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'ebook platform'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 182, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W12191004', 'https://openalex.org/W134596083', 'https://openalex.org/W1512387447', 'https://openalex.org/W1552712171', 'https://openalex.org/W1557292478', 'https://openalex.org/W1582655487', 'https://openalex.org/W1594343721', 'https://openalex.org/W1617412318', 'https://openalex.org/W1643083043', 'https://openalex.org/W17880910', 'https://openalex.org/W1830555632', 'https://openalex.org/W1933357484', 'https://openalex.org/W1964184807', 'https://openalex.org/W1964653010', 'https://openalex.org/W1965087059', 'https://openalex.org/W1966382639', 'https://openalex.org/W1966976273', 'https://openalex.org/W1967976360', 'https://openalex.org/W1970709425', 'https://openalex.org/W1971151873', 'https://openalex.org/W1971594953', 'https://openalex.org/W1972430667', 'https://openalex.org/W1973676777', 'https://openalex.org/W1974089913', 'https://openalex.org/W1975570743', 'https://openalex.org/W1975862553', 'https://openalex.org/W1977332101', 'https://openalex.org/W1977581511', 'https://openalex.org/W1977823618', 'https://openalex.org/W1979821380', 'https://openalex.org/W1980290086', 'https://openalex.org/W1980446875', 'https://openalex.org/W1984443833', 'https://openalex.org/W1986157873', 'https://openalex.org/W1987045272', 'https://openalex.org/W1988000537', 'https://openalex.org/W1989596454', 'https://openalex.org/W1990617810', 'https://openalex.org/W1991236015', 'https://openalex.org/W1992233431', 'https://openalex.org/W1992236559', 'https://openalex.org/W1992848521', 'https://openalex.org/W1993459364', 'https://openalex.org/W1993545625', 'https://openalex.org/W1993798031', 'https://openalex.org/W1994196028', 'https://openalex.org/W1994816147', 'https://openalex.org/W1996122690', 'https://openalex.org/W1996590913', 'https://openalex.org/W1998121672', 'https://openalex.org/W2002729459', 'https://openalex.org/W2002763552', 'https://openalex.org/W2006396917', 'https://openalex.org/W2007770027', 'https://openalex.org/W2012061580', 'https://openalex.org/W2013780780', 'https://openalex.org/W2015086970', 'https://openalex.org/W2015550911', 'https://openalex.org/W2016697010', 'https://openalex.org/W2017780424', 'https://openalex.org/W2018569001', 'https://openalex.org/W2019800572', 'https://openalex.org/W2020850254', 'https://openalex.org/W2021064499', 'https://openalex.org/W2022870278', 'https://openalex.org/W2023046959', 'https://openalex.org/W2024197752', 'https://openalex.org/W2026094735', 'https://openalex.org/W2026801036', 'https://openalex.org/W2028280256', 'https://openalex.org/W2030773468', 'https://openalex.org/W2032139072', 'https://openalex.org/W2038360379', 'https://openalex.org/W2039703131', 'https://openalex.org/W2042283097', 'https://openalex.org/W2047286474', 'https://openalex.org/W2049236555', 'https://openalex.org/W2049675060', 'https://openalex.org/W2049679577', 'https://openalex.org/W2051989645', 'https://openalex.org/W2052707063', 'https://openalex.org/W2058372689', 'https://openalex.org/W2059383371', 'https://openalex.org/W2064185523', 'https://openalex.org/W2064609154', 'https://openalex.org/W2064987052', 'https://openalex.org/W2067701674', 'https://openalex.org/W2069827730', 'https://openalex.org/W2070893008', 'https://openalex.org/W2071534580', 'https://openalex.org/W2071599820', 'https://openalex.org/W2072177407', 'https://openalex.org/W2074082512', 'https://openalex.org/W2076804827', 'https://openalex.org/W2077648184', 'https://openalex.org/W2078039611', 'https://openalex.org/W2079967730', 'https://openalex.org/W2080184255', 'https://openalex.org/W2080789880', 'https://openalex.org/W2080903262', 'https://openalex.org/W2081347878', 'https://openalex.org/W2082992930', 'https://openalex.org/W2084785304', 'https://openalex.org/W2088063203', 'https://openalex.org/W2090955301', 'https://openalex.org/W2091585581', 'https://openalex.org/W2091936869', 'https://openalex.org/W2094089720', 'https://openalex.org/W2095165828', 'https://openalex.org/W2096691731', 'https://openalex.org/W2096747748', 'https://openalex.org/W2097343186', 'https://openalex.org/W2100109140', 'https://openalex.org/W2100111733', 'https://openalex.org/W2100309893', 'https://openalex.org/W2102489917', 'https://openalex.org/W2105034574', 'https://openalex.org/W2105622897', 'https://openalex.org/W2108330428', 'https://openalex.org/W2110343132', 'https://openalex.org/W2111009620', 'https://openalex.org/W2112855946', 'https://openalex.org/W2112921980', 'https://openalex.org/W2115123145', 'https://openalex.org/W2116768772', 'https://openalex.org/W2119266425', 'https://openalex.org/W2119861955', 'https://openalex.org/W2121413704', 'https://openalex.org/W2123055584', 'https://openalex.org/W2123179582', 'https://openalex.org/W2123299920', 'https://openalex.org/W2127541394', 'https://openalex.org/W2127573146', 'https://openalex.org/W2128951621', 'https://openalex.org/W2129593385', 'https://openalex.org/W2131487346', 'https://openalex.org/W2132119230', 'https://openalex.org/W2132673947', 'https://openalex.org/W2133664005', 'https://openalex.org/W2134213012', 'https://openalex.org/W2134845317', 'https://openalex.org/W2135491987', 'https://openalex.org/W2136193548', 'https://openalex.org/W2137502106', 'https://openalex.org/W2137543646', 'https://openalex.org/W2139700394', 'https://openalex.org/W2140873388', 'https://openalex.org/W2142892976', 'https://openalex.org/W2143192331', 'https://openalex.org/W2144238200', 'https://openalex.org/W2144283041', 'https://openalex.org/W2144425429', 'https://openalex.org/W2144876507', 'https://openalex.org/W2145068405', 'https://openalex.org/W2145565659', 'https://openalex.org/W2146143354', 'https://openalex.org/W2146425573', 'https://openalex.org/W2148507499', 'https://openalex.org/W2149005479', 'https://openalex.org/W2151694266', 'https://openalex.org/W2153072978', 'https://openalex.org/W2154113980', 'https://openalex.org/W2156157248', 'https://openalex.org/W2157433322', 'https://openalex.org/W2157517230', 'https://openalex.org/W2158914895', 'https://openalex.org/W2160375308', 'https://openalex.org/W2164267446', 'https://openalex.org/W2165234877', 'https://openalex.org/W2166050191', 'https://openalex.org/W2168659912', 'https://openalex.org/W2170442112', 'https://openalex.org/W2226264411', 'https://openalex.org/W2400954299', 'https://openalex.org/W2412157758', 'https://openalex.org/W2468301679', 'https://openalex.org/W2495667732', 'https://openalex.org/W281861915', 'https://openalex.org/W30387893', 'https://openalex.org/W3191452874', 'https://openalex.org/W4255433831', 'https://openalex.org/W54989269'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4392953416', 'https://openalex.org/W4205763221', 'https://openalex.org/W2820861578', 'https://openalex.org/W2412157758', 'https://openalex.org/W2150561065', 'https://openalex.org/W2134702398', 'https://openalex.org/W2132297897', 'https://openalex.org/W2030773468', 'https://openalex.org/W2006396917', 'https://openalex.org/W1516651072'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2134702398', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-09T03:52:53.990004', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}