Title: REFUGIAL ORIGINS OF REINDEER (RANGIFER TARANDUS L.) INFERRED FROM MITOCHONDRIAL DNA SEQUENCES
Abstract: EvolutionVolume 57, Issue 3 p. 658-670 Free Access REFUGIAL ORIGINS OF REINDEER (RANGIFER TARANDUS L.) INFERRED FROM MITOCHONDRIAL DNA SEQUENCES ØYstein Flagstad, ØYstein Flagstad Department of Evolutionary Biology, Uppsala University, Nordbyvägen 18D, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden University of Oslo, Department of Biology, Division of Zoology, P. O. Box 1050, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway; E-mail: [email protected] for more papers by this authorKnut H. Røed, Knut H. Røed Department of Morphology, Genetics and Aquatic Biology, The Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, P.O. Box 8146 Department, N-0033 Oslo, NorwaySearch for more papers by this author ØYstein Flagstad, ØYstein Flagstad Department of Evolutionary Biology, Uppsala University, Nordbyvägen 18D, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden University of Oslo, Department of Biology, Division of Zoology, P. O. Box 1050, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway; E-mail: [email protected] for more papers by this authorKnut H. Røed, Knut H. Røed Department of Morphology, Genetics and Aquatic Biology, The Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, P.O. Box 8146 Department, N-0033 Oslo, NorwaySearch for more papers by this author First published: 09 May 2007 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb01557.xCitations: 113 AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Abstract Abstract The glacial-interglacial cycles of the upper Pleistocene have had a major impact on the recent evolutionary history of Arctic species. To assess the effects of these large-scale climatic fluctuations to a large, migratory Arctic mammal, we assessed the phylogeography of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) as inferred from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence variation in the control region. Phylogenetic relationships among haplotypes seem to reflect historical patterns of fragmentation and colonization rather than clear-cut relationships among extant populations and subspecies. Three major haplogroups were detected, presumably representing three separate populations during the last glacial. The most influential one has contributed to the gene pool of all extant subspecies and seems to represent a large and continuous glacial population extending from Beringia and far into Eurasia. A smaller, more localized refugium was most likely isolated in connection with ice expansion in western Eurasia. A third glacial refugium was presumably located south of the ice sheet in North America, possibly comprising several separate refugial populations. Significant demographic population expansion was detected for the two haplogroups representing the western Eurasian and Beringian glacial populations. The former apparently expanded when the ice cap retreated by the end of the last glacial. The large continuous one, in contrast, seems to have expanded by the end of the last interglacial, indicating that the warm interglacial climate accompanied by marine transgression and forest expansion significantly confined population size on the continental mainland. Our data demonstrate that the current subspecies designation does not reflect the mtDNA phylogeography of the species, which in turn may indicate that morphological differences among subspecies have evolved as adaptive responses to postglacial environmental change. Citing Literature Volume57, Issue3March 2003Pages 658-670 ReferencesRelatedInformation