Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2129271536', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/29.4.e15', 'title': 'Detection of competing DNA structures by thermal gradient gel electrophoresis: from self-association to triple helix formation by (G,A)-containing oligonucleotides', 'display_name': 'Detection of competing DNA structures by thermal gradient gel electrophoresis: from self-association to triple helix formation by (G,A)-containing oligonucleotides', 'publication_year': 2001, 'publication_date': '2001-02-15', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2129271536', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/29.4.e15', 'mag': '2129271536', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11160935', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/29622'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/29.4.e15', 'pdf_url': 'https://academic.oup.com/nar/article-pdf/29/4/e15/9906334/2900e15.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S134668137', 'display_name': 'Nucleic Acids Research', 'issn_l': '0305-1048', 'issn': ['0305-1048', '1362-4954', '1362-4962'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648', 'host_organization_name': 'Oxford University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311647', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Oxford', 'Oxford University Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://academic.oup.com/nar/article-pdf/29/4/e15/9906334/2900e15.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5031964935', 'display_name': 'Paola B. Arimondo', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5175-4396'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1294671590', 'display_name': 'Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02feahw73', 'country_code': 'FR', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1294671590']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I154526488', 'display_name': 'Inserm', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02vjkv261', 'country_code': 'FR', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I154526488']}], 'countries': ['FR'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'P. B. Arimondo', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ["Laboratoire de Biophysique, UMR 8646 CNRS, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, INSERM U201, 43 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': "Laboratoire de Biophysique, UMR 8646 CNRS, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, INSERM U201, 43 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1294671590', 'https://openalex.org/I154526488']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5031964935'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1294671590', 'https://openalex.org/I154526488'], 'apc_list': {'value': 3630, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3630, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.033, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 15, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.548145, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 83, 'max': 84}, 'biblio': {'volume': '29', 'issue': '4', 'first_page': '15e', 'last_page': '15'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10432', 'display_name': 'DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10432', 'display_name': 'DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10207', 'display_name': 'Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11582', 'display_name': 'Nanopore and Nanochannel Transport Studies', 'score': 0.9976, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2204', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/helix', 'display_name': 'Helix (gastropod)', 'score': 0.5909689}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence', 'display_name': 'Sequence (biology)', 'score': 0.53541297}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/nucleic-acid-denaturation', 'display_name': 'Nucleic Acid Denaturation', 'score': 0.44074428}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C10919887', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7843514', 'display_name': 'Triple helix', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9521419}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C129312508', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133686', 'display_name': 'Oligonucleotide', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.9280426}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.8059511}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C552990157', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430', 'display_name': 'DNA', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.65762025}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C116084860', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48255', 'display_name': 'Gel electrophoresis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6495999}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778530040', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1937315', 'display_name': 'Helix (gastropod)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5909689}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778112365', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065', 'display_name': 'Sequence (biology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.53541297}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C40250595', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185098', 'display_name': 'Electrophoresis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48475787}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C183978625', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903596', 'display_name': 'Electrophoretic mobility shift assay', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.4635569}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2909133011', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273186', 'display_name': 'Nucleic Acid Denaturation', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.44074428}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.41091695}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.39436677}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C12554922', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100', 'display_name': 'Biophysics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.37557095}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153911025', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202', 'display_name': 'Molecular biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.37099376}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3017666073', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1764062', 'display_name': 'Base sequence', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.28769338}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.28342837}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C150194340', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972', 'display_name': 'Gene expression', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.16241804}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779965526', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308841', 'display_name': 'Snail', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D001667', 'descriptor_name': 'Binding, Competitive', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004247', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004247', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009841', 'descriptor_name': 'Oligonucleotides', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009841', 'descriptor_name': 'Oligonucleotides', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000225', 'descriptor_name': 'Adenine', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000225', 'descriptor_name': 'Adenine', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001483', 'descriptor_name': 'Base Sequence', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001667', 'descriptor_name': 'Binding, Competitive', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004247', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004247', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004591', 'descriptor_name': 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004591', 'descriptor_name': 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006147', 'descriptor_name': 'Guanine', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006147', 'descriptor_name': 'Guanine', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008274', 'descriptor_name': 'Magnesium', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008274', 'descriptor_name': 'Magnesium', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009691', 'descriptor_name': 'Nucleic Acid Denaturation', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009691', 'descriptor_name': 'Nucleic Acid Denaturation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009841', 'descriptor_name': 'Oligonucleotides', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009841', 'descriptor_name': 'Oligonucleotides', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013056', 'descriptor_name': 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013696', 'descriptor_name': 'Temperature', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013816', 'descriptor_name': 'Thermodynamics', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 4, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/29.4.e15', 'pdf_url': 'https://academic.oup.com/nar/article-pdf/29/4/e15/9906334/2900e15.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S134668137', 'display_name': 'Nucleic Acids Research', 'issn_l': '0305-1048', 'issn': ['0305-1048', '1362-4954', '1362-4962'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648', 'host_organization_name': 'Oxford University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311647', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Oxford', 'Oxford University Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc29622', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc29622?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC29622', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11160935', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/29.4.e15', 'pdf_url': 'https://academic.oup.com/nar/article-pdf/29/4/e15/9906334/2900e15.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S134668137', 'display_name': 'Nucleic Acids Research', 'issn_l': '0305-1048', 'issn': ['0305-1048', '1362-4954', '1362-4962'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648', 'host_organization_name': 'Oxford University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311647', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Oxford', 'Oxford University Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 33, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1785606645', 'https://openalex.org/W1970033940', 'https://openalex.org/W1987391175', 'https://openalex.org/W2002075021', 'https://openalex.org/W2010855589', 'https://openalex.org/W2014224906', 'https://openalex.org/W2014299588', 'https://openalex.org/W2017852333', 'https://openalex.org/W2028753366', 'https://openalex.org/W2033526098', 'https://openalex.org/W2039241171', 'https://openalex.org/W2039289622', 'https://openalex.org/W2042884096', 'https://openalex.org/W2049057101', 'https://openalex.org/W2056194676', 'https://openalex.org/W2060356703', 'https://openalex.org/W2068528725', 'https://openalex.org/W2068851068', 'https://openalex.org/W2069865852', 'https://openalex.org/W2082723469', 'https://openalex.org/W2084225364', 'https://openalex.org/W2091777706', 'https://openalex.org/W2106111891', 'https://openalex.org/W2106858736', 'https://openalex.org/W2133918133', 'https://openalex.org/W2144805747', 'https://openalex.org/W2162505955', 'https://openalex.org/W2318997664', 'https://openalex.org/W2324560759', 'https://openalex.org/W2326493716', 'https://openalex.org/W2398367549', 'https://openalex.org/W2439597079', 'https://openalex.org/W250342889'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4387589856', 'https://openalex.org/W4243396129', 'https://openalex.org/W4243330505', 'https://openalex.org/W3140968023', 'https://openalex.org/W2406870179', 'https://openalex.org/W2083632283', 'https://openalex.org/W2062028165', 'https://openalex.org/W2016357427', 'https://openalex.org/W1971835799', 'https://openalex.org/W1781522236'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Sequence-specific': [0], 'recognition': [1], 'of': [2, 17, 62, 95, 102, 119, 126, 137], 'DNA': [3, 27], 'can': [4, 45], 'be': [5, 57, 70], 'achieved': [6], 'by': [7, 106], 'triple': [8, 48, 104], 'helix-forming': [9], 'oligonucleotides': [10, 21, 44], 'that': [11, 101], 'bind': [12], 'to': [13, 72, 84], 'the': [14, 37, 74, 85, 122], 'major': [15], 'groove': [16], 'double-helical': [18], 'DNA.': [19], 'These': [20], 'have': [22, 89], 'been': [23], 'used': [24], 'as': [25, 82], 'sequence-specific': [26, 33], 'ligands': [28], 'for': [29], 'various': [30], 'purposes,': [31], 'including': [32], 'gene': [34], 'regulation': [35], 'in': [36, 58], 'so-called': [38], '‘antigene': [39], 'strategy’.': [40], 'In': [41], 'particular,': [42], '(G,A)-containing': [43, 110], 'form': [46], 'stable': [47], 'helices': [49], 'under': [50, 76], 'physiological': [51], 'conditions.': [52], 'However,': [53], 'triplex': [54], 'formation': [55, 94], 'may': [56], 'competition': [59, 92, 120], 'with': [60], 'self-association': [61], 'these': [63], 'oligonucleotides.': [64], 'For': [65], 'biological': [66], 'applications': [67], 'it': [68], 'would': [69], 'interesting': [71], 'identify': [73], 'conditions': [75], 'which': [77], 'one': [78], 'structure': [79], 'is': [80], 'favoured': [81], 'compared': [83], 'other(s).': [86], 'Here': [87], 'we': [88], 'directly': [90], 'studied': [91], 'between': [93, 121], 'a': [96, 103, 107], 'parallel': [97], '(G,A)': [98], 'homoduplex': [99], 'and': [100, 131, 135], 'helix': [105], '13': [108], 'nt': [109], 'oligonucleotide.': [111], 'Temperature': [112], 'gradient': [113], 'gel': [114, 132], 'electrophoresis': [115], 'allows': [116], 'simultaneous': [117], 'detection': [118], 'two': [123], 'structures,': [124], 'because': [125], 'their': [127], 'different': [128], 'temperature': [129], 'dependencies': [130], 'electrophoretic': [133], 'mobilities,': [134], 'characterisation': [136], 'this': [138], 'competition.': [139]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2129271536', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-15T13:05:49.923764', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}