Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2129271418', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/myc.12021', 'title': 'Role of probiotics in prevention of <i>Candida</i> infection in critically ill children', 'display_name': 'Role of probiotics in prevention of <i>Candida</i> infection in critically ill children', 'publication_year': 2012, 'publication_date': '2012-11-26', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2129271418', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/myc.12021', 'mag': '2129271418', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23176162'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/myc.12021', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S80731565', 'display_name': 'Mycoses', 'issn_l': '0933-7407', 'issn': ['0933-7407', '1439-0507'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5109668371', 'display_name': 'Suresh Kumar', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I45294948', 'display_name': 'Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/009nfym65', 'country_code': 'IN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I45294948']}], 'countries': ['IN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Suresh Kumar', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India;'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India;', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I45294948']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5039291802', 'display_name': 'Sunit Singhi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2811-2859'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I45294948', 'display_name': 'Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/009nfym65', 'country_code': 'IN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I45294948']}], 'countries': ['IN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Sunit Singhi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India;'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India;', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I45294948']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 4330, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4330, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.726, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 23, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.392157, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 90, 'max': 91}, 'biblio': {'volume': '56', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '204', 'last_page': '211'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11681', 'display_name': 'Nosocomial Infections in ICU', 'score': 0.998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2706', 'display_name': 'Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11681', 'display_name': 'Nosocomial Infections in ICU', 'score': 0.998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2706', 'display_name': 'Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10150', 'display_name': 'Antifungal resistance and susceptibility', 'score': 0.9967, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2725', 'display_name': 'Infectious Diseases'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10141', 'display_name': 'Probiotics and Fermented Foods', 'score': 0.9963, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1106', 'display_name': 'Food Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/invasive-candidiasis', 'display_name': 'Invasive candidiasis', 'score': 0.84147656}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/colonisation', 'display_name': 'Colonisation', 'score': 0.7538266}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/candida-infections', 'display_name': 'Candida infections', 'score': 0.64621323}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/flora', 'display_name': 'Flora', 'score': 0.53958887}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780161414', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29887808', 'display_name': 'Invasive candidiasis', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.84147656}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105878827', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2041929', 'display_name': 'Colonisation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7538266}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2991859549', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690', 'display_name': 'Critically ill', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6649567}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C177713679', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690', 'display_name': 'Intensive care medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.65905935}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2909938017', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2712836', 'display_name': 'Candida infections', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.64621323}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777234453', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2033092', 'display_name': 'Flora (microbiology)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.53958887}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.53561556}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779548794', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578726', 'display_name': 'Antifungal', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4015558}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.2524492}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C89423630', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193', 'display_name': 'Microbiology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.21082059}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776927270', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815962', 'display_name': 'Colonization', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.19547063}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C16005928', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171171', 'display_name': 'Dermatology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.07836935}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780651595', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411478', 'display_name': 'Fluconazole', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.06363186}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C523546767', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876', 'display_name': 'Bacteria', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D058365', 'descriptor_name': 'Candidiasis, Invasive', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000517', 'qualifier_name': 'prevention & control', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019936', 'descriptor_name': 'Probiotics', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000008', 'qualifier_name': 'administration & dosage', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000935', 'descriptor_name': 'Antifungal Agents', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000008', 'qualifier_name': 'administration & dosage', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000935', 'descriptor_name': 'Antifungal Agents', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002176', 'descriptor_name': 'Candida albicans', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002176', 'descriptor_name': 'Candida albicans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D058365', 'descriptor_name': 'Candidiasis, Invasive', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000382', 'qualifier_name': 'microbiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D058365', 'descriptor_name': 'Candidiasis, Invasive', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002648', 'descriptor_name': 'Child', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016638', 'descriptor_name': 'Critical Illness', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000628', 'qualifier_name': 'therapy', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016638', 'descriptor_name': 'Critical Illness', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016469', 'descriptor_name': 'Fungemia', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016469', 'descriptor_name': 'Fungemia', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000382', 'qualifier_name': 'microbiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016469', 'descriptor_name': 'Fungemia', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000517', 'qualifier_name': 'prevention & control', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D041981', 'descriptor_name': 'Gastrointestinal Tract', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D041981', 'descriptor_name': 'Gastrointestinal Tract', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000382', 'qualifier_name': 'microbiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015278', 'descriptor_name': 'Intensive Care Units, Pediatric', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007778', 'descriptor_name': 'Lactobacillus', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000254', 'qualifier_name': 'growth & development', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007778', 'descriptor_name': 'Lactobacillus', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019936', 'descriptor_name': 'Probiotics', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016032', 'descriptor_name': 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012307', 'descriptor_name': 'Risk Factors', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/myc.12021', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S80731565', 'display_name': 'Mycoses', 'issn_l': '0933-7407', 'issn': ['0933-7407', '1439-0507'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23176162', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.78, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 89, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W12847493', 'https://openalex.org/W1501994427', 'https://openalex.org/W1735900413', 'https://openalex.org/W1793887926', 'https://openalex.org/W1838554279', 'https://openalex.org/W1923637728', 'https://openalex.org/W1961388096', 'https://openalex.org/W1965950254', 'https://openalex.org/W1969212159', 'https://openalex.org/W1971163548', 'https://openalex.org/W1975889247', 'https://openalex.org/W1976210789', 'https://openalex.org/W1980188678', 'https://openalex.org/W1982567263', 'https://openalex.org/W1983790785', 'https://openalex.org/W1989385297', 'https://openalex.org/W1989389540', 'https://openalex.org/W1990746885', 'https://openalex.org/W1990759218', 'https://openalex.org/W1994103968', 'https://openalex.org/W1994795777', 'https://openalex.org/W1996225900', 'https://openalex.org/W2004391136', 'https://openalex.org/W2007253594', 'https://openalex.org/W2007686582', 'https://openalex.org/W2013666547', 'https://openalex.org/W2016673581', 'https://openalex.org/W2019012208', 'https://openalex.org/W2020314207', 'https://openalex.org/W2021702480', 'https://openalex.org/W2027557080', 'https://openalex.org/W2030917468', 'https://openalex.org/W2032955383', 'https://openalex.org/W2033307963', 'https://openalex.org/W2035072731', 'https://openalex.org/W203609338', 'https://openalex.org/W2038731212', 'https://openalex.org/W2042456888', 'https://openalex.org/W2046693631', 'https://openalex.org/W2050515343', 'https://openalex.org/W2050538424', 'https://openalex.org/W2052793123', 'https://openalex.org/W2055307935', 'https://openalex.org/W2060776197', 'https://openalex.org/W2071756060', 'https://openalex.org/W2073011176', 'https://openalex.org/W2075517361', 'https://openalex.org/W2076739927', 'https://openalex.org/W2087603985', 'https://openalex.org/W2089632133', 'https://openalex.org/W2090944770', 'https://openalex.org/W2092125702', 'https://openalex.org/W2100060618', 'https://openalex.org/W2103234801', 'https://openalex.org/W2103988643', 'https://openalex.org/W2104684779', 'https://openalex.org/W2106744168', 'https://openalex.org/W2111162427', 'https://openalex.org/W2112725363', 'https://openalex.org/W2114162581', 'https://openalex.org/W2115284864', 'https://openalex.org/W2121442897', 'https://openalex.org/W2125477744', 'https://openalex.org/W2126078971', 'https://openalex.org/W2126413585', 'https://openalex.org/W2128342187', 'https://openalex.org/W2131876650', 'https://openalex.org/W2135252808', 'https://openalex.org/W2137535087', 'https://openalex.org/W2141720872', 'https://openalex.org/W2143986083', 'https://openalex.org/W2148663705', 'https://openalex.org/W2149188810', 'https://openalex.org/W2149806222', 'https://openalex.org/W2151043086', 'https://openalex.org/W2153770269', 'https://openalex.org/W2154670132', 'https://openalex.org/W2155955719', 'https://openalex.org/W2161062702', 'https://openalex.org/W2162221318', 'https://openalex.org/W2169662494', 'https://openalex.org/W2170210827', 'https://openalex.org/W2171722569', 'https://openalex.org/W2171824055', 'https://openalex.org/W2219714852', 'https://openalex.org/W2315826456', 'https://openalex.org/W2406132871', 'https://openalex.org/W4230246154', 'https://openalex.org/W4248369805'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4300853223', 'https://openalex.org/W3049231408', 'https://openalex.org/W3030388107', 'https://openalex.org/W3022682941', 'https://openalex.org/W2982080580', 'https://openalex.org/W2550212105', 'https://openalex.org/W2161019652', 'https://openalex.org/W2102405009', 'https://openalex.org/W2003259158', 'https://openalex.org/W168904721'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Summary': [0], 'Candidiasis': [1], 'accounts': [2], 'for': [3, 39, 99], '10–20%': [4], 'of': [5, 23, 33, 86, 95, 141, 147, 173, 175, 179, 192, 196], 'bloodstream': [6], 'infections': [7, 181], 'in': [8, 18, 49, 67, 118, 123, 127, 144, 149, 159, 177, 182, 194, 199], 'paediatric': [9], 'intensive': [10], 'care': [11], 'units': [12], '(PICUs)': [13], 'and': [14, 21, 57, 71, 116, 171, 188], 'a': [15], 'significant': [16], 'increase': [17], 'morbidity,': [19], 'mortality,': [20], 'length': [22], 'hospital': [24], 'stay.': [25], 'Enteric': [26], 'colonisation': [27, 70, 117], 'by': [28], 'Candida': [29, 55, 101, 114, 197], 'species': [30], 'is': [31, 78, 130], 'one': [32, 94], 'the': [34, 96, 145, 190], 'most': [35], 'important': [36, 97], 'risk': [37], 'factor': [38], 'invasive': [40, 72, 125], 'candidiasis.': [41, 58], 'The': [42], 'local': [43], 'defence': [44], 'mechanisms': [45], 'may': [46], 'be': [47, 65, 93], 'altered': [48], 'critically': [50, 150, 183, 200], 'ill': [51, 151, 184, 201], 'patients,': [52], 'thus': [53], 'facilitating': [54], 'overgrowth': [56], 'Systemic': [59], 'antifungals': [60], 'have': [61, 106], 'been': [62], 'proven': [63], 'to': [64, 112], 'effective': [66], 'reducing': [68, 100], 'fungal': [69, 73, 180], 'infections,': [74], 'but': [75], 'their': [76, 121], 'use': [77], 'not': [79], 'without': [80], 'harms.': [81], 'Early': [82], 'restoration': [83], 'or': [84], 'maintenance': [85], 'intestinal': [87], 'microbial': [88], 'flora': [89], 'using': [90], 'probiotics': [91, 109, 142, 176, 193], 'could': [92], 'tools': [98], 'infection.': [102], 'A': [103], 'few': [104], 'studies': [105], 'demonstrated': [107], 'that': [108], 'are': [110, 135, 157, 203], 'able': [111], 'prevent': [113], 'growth': [115], 'neonates,': [119], 'whereas': [120], 'role': [122, 140, 191], 'preventing': [124], 'candidiasis': [126, 148], 'such': [128], 'patients': [129], 'still': [131], 'unclear.': [132], 'Moreover,': [133], 'there': [134], 'no': [136], 'published': [137], 'data': [138], 'on': [139], 'supplementation': [143], 'prevention': [146, 178, 195], 'children': [152, 202], 'beyond': [153], 'neonatal': [154], 'period.': [155], 'There': [156], 'gap': [158], 'our': [160], 'knowledge': [161], 'regarding': [162], 'efficacy,': [163], 'cost': [164], 'effectiveness,': [165], 'risk‐benefit': [166], 'potential,': [167], 'optimum': [168], 'dose,': [169], 'frequency': [170], 'duration': [172], 'treatment': [174], 'children.': [185], 'Studies': [186], 'exploring': [187], 'evaluating': [189], 'infection': [198], 'needed.': [204]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2129271418', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-07T16:26:11.275287', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}