Title: Structures of the Acyl−Enzyme Complexes of the <i>Staphylococcus aureus </i>β-Lactamase Mutant Glu166Asp:Asn170Gln with Benzylpenicillin and Cephaloridine<sup>,</sup>
Abstract: The serine-β-lactamases hydrolyze β-lactam antibiotics in a reaction that proceeds via an acyl−enzyme intermediate. The double mutation, E166D:N170Q, of the class A enzyme from Staphylococcus aureus results in a protein incapable of deacylation. The crystal structure of this β-lactamase, determined at 2.3 Å resolution, shows that except for the mutation sites, the structure is very similar to that of the native protein. The crystal structures of two acyl−enzyme adducts, one with benzylpenicillin and the other with cephaloridine, have been determined at 1.76 and 1.86 Å resolution, respectively. Both acyl−enzymes show similar key features, with the carbonyl carbon atom of the cleaved β-lactam bond covalently bound to the side chain of the active site Ser70, and the carbonyl oxygen atom in an oxyanion hole. The thiadolizine ring of the cleaved penicillin is located in a slightly different position than the dihydrothiazine ring of cephaloridine. Consequently, the carboxylate moieties attached to the rings form different sets of interactions. The carboxylate group of benzylpenicillin interacts with the side chain of Gln237. The carboxylate group of cephaloridine is located between Arg244 and Lys234 side chains and also interacts with Ser235 hydroxyl group. The interactions of the cephaloridine resemble those seen in the structure of the acyl−enzyme of β-lactamase from Escherichia coli with benzylpenicillin. The side chains attached to the cleaved β-lactam rings of benzylpenicillin and cephaloridine are located in a similar position, which is different than the position observed in the E. coli benzylpenicillin acyl−enzyme complex. The three modes of binding do not show a trend that explains the preference for benzylpenicillin over cephaloridine in the class A β-lactamases. Rather, the conformational variation arises because cleavage of the β-lactam bond provides additional flexibility not available when the fused rings are intact. The structural information suggests that specificity is determined prior to the cleavage of the β-lactam ring, when the rigid fused rings of benzylpenicillin and cephaloridine each form different interactions with the active site.
Publication Year: 2001
Publication Date: 2001-01-31
Language: en
Type: article
Indexed In: ['crossref', 'pubmed']
Access and Citation
Cited By Count: 31
AI Researcher Chatbot
Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot