Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2127734576', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2013.879882', 'title': 'Representative Bureaucracy in the Public Service? A Critical Analysis of the Challenges Confronting Women in the Civil Service of Ghana', 'display_name': 'Representative Bureaucracy in the Public Service? A Critical Analysis of the Challenges Confronting Women in the Civil Service of Ghana', 'publication_year': 2014, 'publication_date': '2014-07-10', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2127734576', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2013.879882', 'mag': '2127734576'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2013.879882', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S39541053', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Public Administration', 'issn_l': '0190-0692', 'issn': ['0190-0692', '1532-4265'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320547', 'host_organization_name': 'Taylor & Francis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Taylor & Francis'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5009001120', 'display_name': 'Augustina Adusah-Karikari', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9932-1194'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I56822791', 'display_name': 'Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04yexcn51', 'country_code': 'GH', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I56822791']}], 'countries': ['GH'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Augustina Adusah-Karikari', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Ghan Institute of Management and Public Administration, Accra, Ghana'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Ghan Institute of Management and Public Administration, Accra, Ghana', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I56822791']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5050159806', 'display_name': 'Frank L. K. Ohemeng', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0386-486X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I153718931', 'display_name': 'University of Ottawa', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03c4mmv16', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I153718931']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Frank Louis Kwaku Ohemeng', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Political Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Political Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I153718931']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 4.472, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 29, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999895, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 93, 'max': 94}, 'biblio': {'volume': '37', 'issue': '9', 'first_page': '568', 'last_page': '580'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11047', 'display_name': 'Gender Diversity and Inequality', 'score': 0.9819, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3318', 'display_name': 'Gender Studies'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11047', 'display_name': 'Gender Diversity and Inequality', 'score': 0.9819, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3318', 'display_name': 'Gender Studies'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12779', 'display_name': 'Public Procurement and Policy', 'score': 0.9334, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1408', 'display_name': 'Strategy and Management'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/14', 'display_name': 'Business, Management and Accounting'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10213', 'display_name': 'Public Policy and Administration Research', 'score': 0.9049, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3321', 'display_name': 'Public Administration'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/bureaucracy', 'display_name': 'Bureaucracy', 'score': 0.9497436}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/representation', 'display_name': 'Representation', 'score': 0.8363308}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-service', 'display_name': 'Civil Service', 'score': 0.5428164}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-society', 'display_name': 'Civil Society', 'score': 0.4522106}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C51575053', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72468', 'display_name': 'Bureaucracy', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.9497436}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776359362', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286', 'display_name': 'Representation (politics)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8363308}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3116431', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728', 'display_name': 'Public administration', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.6369606}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778137410', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820', 'display_name': 'Government (linguistics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.625925}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780110086', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161837', 'display_name': 'Public service', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.56203}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2992250137', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11771944', 'display_name': 'Civil service', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5428164}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39549134', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080', 'display_name': 'Public relations', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.49979353}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C147859227', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294217', 'display_name': 'Public sector', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48233292}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.4805539}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780378061', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891', 'display_name': 'Service (business)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46572158}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C513891491', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181865', 'display_name': 'Civil society', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4522106}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C12713177', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281', 'display_name': 'Perspective (graphical)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42129698}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144024400', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201', 'display_name': 'Sociology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.34608147}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144133560', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453', 'display_name': 'Business', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.26947802}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C94625758', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163', 'display_name': 'Politics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.2184143}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.14193556}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162853370', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809', 'display_name': 'Marketing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.07695687}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.058250636}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41895202', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162', 'display_name': 'Linguistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2013.879882', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S39541053', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Public Administration', 'issn_l': '0190-0692', 'issn': ['0190-0692', '1532-4265'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320547', 'host_organization_name': 'Taylor & Francis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Taylor & Francis'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.79, 'display_name': 'Gender equality', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 84, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W110587905', 'https://openalex.org/W1547430151', 'https://openalex.org/W1549098009', 'https://openalex.org/W1599562478', 'https://openalex.org/W1966942200', 'https://openalex.org/W1969072935', 'https://openalex.org/W1972540355', 'https://openalex.org/W1985617903', 'https://openalex.org/W1992167344', 'https://openalex.org/W1992395359', 'https://openalex.org/W1995782929', 'https://openalex.org/W2001866095', 'https://openalex.org/W2003398646', 'https://openalex.org/W2007663725', 'https://openalex.org/W2012399762', 'https://openalex.org/W2017358005', 'https://openalex.org/W2017587709', 'https://openalex.org/W2018682101', 'https://openalex.org/W2020245624', 'https://openalex.org/W2027785757', 'https://openalex.org/W2033972394', 'https://openalex.org/W2036785484', 'https://openalex.org/W2037438643', 'https://openalex.org/W2042012636', 'https://openalex.org/W2049044968', 'https://openalex.org/W2052065942', 'https://openalex.org/W2059181371', 'https://openalex.org/W2059274650', 'https://openalex.org/W2062557502', 'https://openalex.org/W2063447134', 'https://openalex.org/W2067512771', 'https://openalex.org/W2070232536', 'https://openalex.org/W2072884324', 'https://openalex.org/W2072887945', 'https://openalex.org/W2079958939', 'https://openalex.org/W2082687346', 'https://openalex.org/W2087456766', 'https://openalex.org/W2089386899', 'https://openalex.org/W2096204029', 'https://openalex.org/W2096732679', 'https://openalex.org/W2099662975', 'https://openalex.org/W2100177502', 'https://openalex.org/W2104892813', 'https://openalex.org/W2112926118', 'https://openalex.org/W2124479340', 'https://openalex.org/W2135546970', 'https://openalex.org/W2136505683', 'https://openalex.org/W2136795803', 'https://openalex.org/W2137935693', 'https://openalex.org/W2139387599', 'https://openalex.org/W2147169821', 'https://openalex.org/W2148272793', 'https://openalex.org/W2152284828', 'https://openalex.org/W2158349318', 'https://openalex.org/W2159167301', 'https://openalex.org/W2163015536', 'https://openalex.org/W2172964558', 'https://openalex.org/W2254092882', 'https://openalex.org/W2264020891', 'https://openalex.org/W2313376476', 'https://openalex.org/W2321346054', 'https://openalex.org/W2330049786', 'https://openalex.org/W2341356442', 'https://openalex.org/W2415191466', 'https://openalex.org/W2480756912', 'https://openalex.org/W2500728831', 'https://openalex.org/W2588195047', 'https://openalex.org/W2728394552', 'https://openalex.org/W2987877237', 'https://openalex.org/W3125972765', 'https://openalex.org/W313817253', 'https://openalex.org/W4206285119', 'https://openalex.org/W4231791917', 'https://openalex.org/W4244772533', 'https://openalex.org/W4247140771', 'https://openalex.org/W4251844440', 'https://openalex.org/W4252882931', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527', 'https://openalex.org/W4298222381', 'https://openalex.org/W4299953973', 'https://openalex.org/W434602841', 'https://openalex.org/W571707233', 'https://openalex.org/W603275416', 'https://openalex.org/W77106297'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4388062300', 'https://openalex.org/W4241497788', 'https://openalex.org/W3134930632', 'https://openalex.org/W2967040666', 'https://openalex.org/W2800764600', 'https://openalex.org/W2601729783', 'https://openalex.org/W2366578586', 'https://openalex.org/W2319673740', 'https://openalex.org/W1985082800', 'https://openalex.org/W1583131305'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'In': [0, 132], 'the': [1, 5, 8, 13, 32, 55, 88, 92, 96, 105, 111, 116, 121, 137], 'public': [2, 14, 60, 122], 'administration': [3], 'literature,': [4], 'debate': [6], 'concerning': [7], 'representation': [9, 25, 30, 86, 107, 144], 'of': [10, 47, 57, 95, 108], 'minorities': [11, 58], 'in': [12, 59, 70, 87, 120], 'bureaucracy': [15, 97, 148], 'continues': [16], 'to': [17, 28, 35, 53, 78, 81, 99, 128, 141], 'attract': [18], 'attention.': [19], 'The': [20, 62], 'idea': [21], 'is': [22], 'that': [23, 40, 124], 'passive': [24], 'may': [26], 'lead': [27], 'active': [29, 130, 143], 'with': [31], 'later': [33], 'helping': [34], 'develop': [36], 'policies': [37, 52], 'and': [38], 'programs': [39], 'will': [41], 'benefit': [42], 'minorities.': [43], 'Consequently,': [44], 'a': [45, 83, 146], 'number': [46], 'governments': [48], 'have': [49], 'been': [50, 67], 'implementing': [51], 'enhance': [54], 'involvement': [56], 'services.': [61], 'Ghana': [63], 'government': [64], 'has': [65, 76], 'not': [66], 'left': [68], 'out': [69], 'this': [71, 133], 'endeavor.': [72], 'Since': [73], '1957,': [74], 'it': [75, 126], 'continued': [77], 'institute': [79], 'measures': [80], 'ensure': [82], 'fair': [84], 'gender': [85], 'bureaucracy.': [89], 'This': [90], 'notwithstanding,': [91], 'upper': [93], 'echelons': [94], 'continue': [98], 'be': [100], 'dominated': [101], 'by': [102], 'males': [103], 'despite': [104], 'over': [106], 'women': [109, 119, 140], 'at': [110], 'lower': [112], 'levels.': [113], 'What': [114], 'are': [115], 'challenges': [117, 138], 'confronting': [118, 139], 'sector': [123], 'make': [125], 'difficult': [127], 'achieve': [129, 142], 'representation?': [131], 'article,': [134], 'we': [135], 'examine': [136], 'from': [145], 'representative': [147], 'perspective.': [149]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2127734576', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-23T04:53:27.679402', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}