Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2126328134', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2007.894183', 'title': 'The Development of a Multifrequency Electromagnetic Instrument for Monitoring the Phase Transformation of Hot Strip Steel', 'display_name': 'The Development of a Multifrequency Electromagnetic Instrument for Monitoring the Phase Transformation of Hot Strip Steel', 'publication_year': 2007, 'publication_date': '2007-05-25', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2126328134', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2007.894183', 'mag': '2126328134'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2007.894183', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S10892749', 'display_name': 'IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement', 'issn_l': '0018-9456', 'issn': ['0018-9456', '1557-9662'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319808', 'host_organization_name': 'Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319808'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/20069/1/getPDF.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5064295987', 'display_name': 'Stephen J. Dickinson', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9067-6957'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I67415387', 'display_name': 'Lancaster University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04f2nsd36', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I67415387']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Stephen J. Dickinson', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Dept. of Engineering, Lancaster University'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Dept. of Engineering, Lancaster University', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I67415387']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5036167641', 'display_name': 'R. Binns', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I67415387', 'display_name': 'Lancaster University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04f2nsd36', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I67415387']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'R. Binns', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Dept. of Engineering, Lancaster University'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Dept. of Engineering, Lancaster University', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I67415387']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100732225', 'display_name': 'Wuliang Yin', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5927-3052'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I67415387', 'display_name': 'Lancaster University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04f2nsd36', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I67415387']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Wuliang Yin', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Dept. of Engineering, Lancaster University'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Dept. of Engineering, Lancaster University', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I67415387']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5105422658', 'display_name': 'Claire Davis', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Claire Davis', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['[Department of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Binningham, Birmingham, UK]'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': '[Department of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Binningham, Birmingham, UK]', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5009569523', 'display_name': 'A. J. Peyton', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5740-348X'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Anthony J. Peyton', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering', 'institution_ids': []}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 5.037, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 46, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.950169, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 93, 'max': 94}, 'biblio': {'volume': '56', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '879', 'last_page': '886'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12169', 'display_name': 'Non-Destructive Testing Techniques', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2210', 'display_name': 'Mechanical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12169', 'display_name': 'Non-Destructive Testing Techniques', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2210', 'display_name': 'Mechanical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11222', 'display_name': 'Magnetic Properties and Applications', 'score': 0.9995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2504', 'display_name': 'Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10386', 'display_name': 'Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels', 'score': 0.9949, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2210', 'display_name': 'Mechanical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ferrite-core', 'display_name': 'Ferrite core', 'score': 0.66145426}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/signal', 'display_name': 'SIGNAL (programming language)', 'score': 0.4502921}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-steel', 'display_name': 'Carbon steel', 'score': 0.42546886}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/strips', 'display_name': 'STRIPS', 'score': 0.41800398}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C37210646', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5105088', 'display_name': 'Ferrite (magnet)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.66773844}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C190024692', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5254252', 'display_name': 'Ferrite core', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.66145426}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6086638}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C29210110', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177897', 'display_name': 'Inductance', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.58577305}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17829176', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043', 'display_name': 'Electrical impedance', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5164778}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779843651', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335', 'display_name': 'SIGNAL (programming language)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4502921}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C23832930', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1088161', 'display_name': 'Magnetic core', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.44373438}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104267543', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163', 'display_name': 'Signal processing', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4324559}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778560533', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q967996', 'display_name': 'Carbon steel', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.42546886}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C56529433', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q626700', 'display_name': 'Nondestructive testing', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4248999}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C200925200', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7624170', 'display_name': 'STRIPS', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41800398}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C24890656', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811', 'display_name': 'Acoustics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.39961827}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119599485', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035', 'display_name': 'Electrical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3969753}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C24326235', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095', 'display_name': 'Electronic engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35049826}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.25459313}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C84462506', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142', 'display_name': 'Digital signal processing', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.2376687}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C191897082', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467', 'display_name': 'Metallurgy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.18575743}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C30403606', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2981904', 'display_name': 'Electromagnetic coil', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.15617988}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.1525667}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159985019', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790', 'display_name': 'Composite material', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.1448169}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C165801399', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428', 'display_name': 'Voltage', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.091153026}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.08896378}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C20625102', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q137056', 'display_name': 'Corrosion', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199360897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143', 'display_name': 'Programming language', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2007.894183', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S10892749', 'display_name': 'IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement', 'issn_l': '0018-9456', 'issn': ['0018-9456', '1557-9662'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319808', 'host_organization_name': 'Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319808'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/20069/1/getPDF.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/20069/1/getPDF.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401916', 'display_name': 'Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I67415387', 'host_organization_name': 'Lancaster University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I67415387'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lancaster University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/20069/1/getPDF.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/20069/1/getPDF.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401916', 'display_name': 'Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I67415387', 'host_organization_name': 'Lancaster University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I67415387'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lancaster University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 21, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2050227191', 'https://openalex.org/W2052172623', 'https://openalex.org/W2053178380', 'https://openalex.org/W2061869192', 'https://openalex.org/W2086722400', 'https://openalex.org/W2087452902', 'https://openalex.org/W2112075034', 'https://openalex.org/W2126887931', 'https://openalex.org/W2127720111', 'https://openalex.org/W2136516190', 'https://openalex.org/W2136726466', 'https://openalex.org/W2142067702', 'https://openalex.org/W2158558667', 'https://openalex.org/W2282699476', 'https://openalex.org/W2582013276', 'https://openalex.org/W2618824355', 'https://openalex.org/W2866807844', 'https://openalex.org/W4248501710', 'https://openalex.org/W570853483', 'https://openalex.org/W571843773', 'https://openalex.org/W98448187'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4390097405', 'https://openalex.org/W4255388370', 'https://openalex.org/W4223960435', 'https://openalex.org/W2970921827', 'https://openalex.org/W2904705889', 'https://openalex.org/W2623207178', 'https://openalex.org/W2133331624', 'https://openalex.org/W2041092510', 'https://openalex.org/W2025760342', 'https://openalex.org/W2004121165'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'This': [0], 'paper': [1], 'describes': [2], 'the': [3, 10, 26, 33, 74, 80, 84, 89, 105, 108, 113, 124, 127, 136], 'development': [4], 'of': [5, 13, 32, 83, 88, 96, 107], 'an': [6, 18, 44, 49], 'instrument': [7, 90, 109], 'to': [8, 35, 72, 79, 111, 117], 'analyze': [9], 'phase': [11], 'transformations': [12], 'hot': [14, 128, 147], 'strip': [15], 'steel': [16, 34, 98, 148], 'using': [17], 'electromagnetic': [19], 'sensor.': [20], 'The': [21, 41, 102], 'sensor': [22, 42, 125], 'exploits': [23], 'variations': [24, 119], 'in': [25, 120], 'electrical': [27], 'conductivity': [28], 'and': [29, 91, 116, 126], 'magnetic': [30], 'permeability': [31], 'monitor': [36, 112], 'microstructure': [37], 'evolution': [38, 82], 'during': [39], 'processing.': [40], 'is': [43, 54, 131, 135], 'inductive': [45], 'device': [46], 'based': [47], 'on': [48, 146], 'H-shaped': [50], 'ferrite': [51], 'core,': [52], 'which': [53], 'interrogated': [55], 'with': [56, 144], 'a': [57, 62, 94], 'multifrequency': [58, 75], 'impedance': [59], 'analyzer': [60], 'containing': [61], 'digital': [63], 'signal': [64], 'processor.': [65], 'Online': [66], 'fast': [67], 'Fourier': [68], 'transform': [69], 'was': [70], 'performed': [71], 'abstract': [73], 'inductance': [76], 'changes': [77, 115], 'due': [78], 'microstructural': [81, 114], 'sample.': [85], 'An': [86], 'overview': [87], 'measurements': [92], 'from': [93], 'range': [95], 'carbon': [97], 'samples': [99, 149], 'are': [100], 'presented.': [101], 'results': [103], 'verify': [104], 'ability': [106], 'both': [110], 'reject': [118], 'liftoff': [121], 'distance': [122], 'between': [123], 'strip.': [129], 'It': [130], 'believed': [132], 'that': [133], 'this': [134, 139], 'first': [137], 'time': [138], 'result': [140], 'has': [141], 'been': [142], 'reported': [143], 'tests': [145]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2126328134', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-09T02:56:27.436826', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}