Kawasaki Disease: A Brief History

Name: Work Video:
Duration: 3 min 30 s
Jane C. Burns; Howard I. Kushner; John F. Bastian; Hiroko Shike; Chisato Shimizu; Tomoyo Matsubara; Christena L. Turner
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'English-language': [5, 209], 'report': [6, 109], 'of': [7, 25, 57, 71, 80, 100, 155, 168, 191, 197, 206, 249, 310, 360, 363, 385, 402, 459, 473, 530, 556, 625, 636, 645, 656, 663, 704, 710, 723, 729, 737, 743, 752, 758, 766, 790, 803, 815, 833, 837, 851, 861, 865, 874, 904, 912, 923, 937, 952], '50': [8], 'patients': [9, 730, 852, 953], 'with': [10, 176, 263, 683, 933, 960], 'disease': [12, 28, 59, 312, 332, 347, 366], '(KD)': [13], 'in': [14, 31, 84, 102, 110, 112, 117, 130, 133, 152, 183, 213, 235, 261, 316, 335, 379, 408, 432, 451, 455, 498, 508, 514, 552, 559, 604, 613, 638, 659, 678, 732, 871, 920], '1974.': [15], 'Since': [16], 'that': [17, 66, 120, 170, 333, 437, 449, 648, 889], 'time,': [18], 'KD': [19, 101, 171, 192, 218, 225, 282, 326, 354, 370, 419, 478, 505, 546, 646, 738, 747, 791, 875], 'has': [20, 49, 706], 'become': [21], 'leading': [23], 'cause': [24, 43, 789], 'acquired': [26], 'heart': [27], 'among': [29, 350], 'children': [30, 541, 560, 633, 712, 932], 'North': 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'review': [82], 'research': [85, 881], 'on': [86, 589, 830, 909], 'disease,': [88], 'suggest': [90, 621], 'avenues': [91], 'for': [92, 306, 418, 579, 595, 845, 879, 962], 'future': [93], 'study.': [94, 125], 'saw': [96], 'his': [97, 107], 'case': [99, 276, 586, 887], 'January': [103], '1961': [104], 'Japanese': [111, 188, 702], '1967.': [113], 'Whether': [114], 'cases': [115, 196, 401, 524, 537, 557, 629, 939], 'existed': [116], 'Japan': [118, 134, 336, 409, 423], 'before': [119, 410], 'time': [121, 205], 'currently': [123, 611], 'under': [124], 'The': [126, 279, 593, 642, 701, 863], 'most': [127], 'controversy': [129, 180], '1960s': [132, 318], 'was': [135, 146, 172, 181, 223, 226, 288], 'whether': [136], 'rash': [138], 'fever': [140, 378], 'sign/symptom': [141], 'complex': [142], 'described': [143], 'by': [144, 211, 239, 465, 691], 'connected': [147], 'to': [148, 290, 297, 339, 392, 461, 479, 521, 535, 627, 661, 671, 718, 821, 855, 857, 930, 943], 'subsequent': [149], 'cardiac': [150, 199], 'complications': [151], 'number': [154, 751], 'cases.': [156], 'Pathologist': [157], 'Noboru': [158], 'Tanaka': [159, 298], 'pediatrician': [161], 'Takajiro': [162], 'Yamamoto': [163], 'disputed': [164], 'early': [166, 237], 'assertion': [167], 'self-limited': [174], 'illness': [175, 475], 'no': [177, 684], 'sequelae.': [178, 965], 'This': [179], 'resolved': [182], '1970': [184], 'when': [185], 'nationwide': [189, 496, 509], 'survey': [190], 'documented': [193], '10': [194, 698], 'autopsy': [195, 275], 'sudden': [198], 'death': [200], 'after': [201, 424], 'KD.': [202, 278, 846], 'By': [203], 'publication': [210], '1974,': [214], 'link': [216], 'between': [217, 281, 822], 'coronary': [220, 649, 673, 687, 816], 'artery': [221, 650, 674, 688, 817], 'vasculitis': [222, 658, 748], 'well-established.': [224], 'independently': [227], 'recognized': [228, 481], 'as': [229, 277, 293, 372, 376, 482, 653, 842, 895, 897], 'new': [231, 331, 523], 'distinct': [233, 484], 'condition': [234], '1970s': [238], 'pediatricians': [240], 'Marian': [241], 'Melish': [242], 'Raquel': [244], 'Hicks': [245], 'at': [246, 253, 266, 393, 576, 696], 'University': [248], 'Hawaii.': [250], 'In': [251, 572, 826], '1973,': [252], 'same': [255, 365], 'Hawaiian': [256], 'hospital,': [257], 'pathologist': [258], 'Eunice': [259], 'Larson,': [260], 'consultation': [262], 'Benjamin': [264], 'Landing': [265], 'Los': [267], 'Angeles': [268], "Children's": [269], 'Hospital,': [270], 'retrospectively': [271], 'diagnosed': [272], '1971': [274], 'similarity': [280], 'infantile': [284], 'periarteritis': [285], 'nodosa': [286], '(IPN)': [287], 'apparent': [289], 'these': [291], 'pathologists,': [292], 'it': [294], 'had': [295], 'earlier.': [299], 'What': [300], 'unknown': [302], 'reason': [305], 'simultaneous': [308], 'recognition': [309], 'this': [311], 'around': [313], 'world': [315], '1970s.': [320], 'There': [321], 'are': [322, 519, 533, 693], 'several': [323], 'possible': [324, 448], 'explanations.': [325], 'may': [327, 357], 'emerged': [334], 'emanated': [338], 'Western': [341, 388, 443], 'World': [342, 411, 426], 'through': [343, 440], 'Hawaii,': [344], 'where': [345], 'prevalent': [349], 'Asian': [351], 'children.': [352, 665], 'Alternatively,': [353], 'IPN': [356, 386, 403], 'be': [358, 480, 668, 715, 928], 'part': [359], 'spectrum': [362], 'clinically': [368, 694], 'mild': [369], 'masqueraded': [371], 'other': [373, 868], 'diseases,': [374], 'such': [375], 'scarlet': [377], 'preantibiotic': [381], 'era.': [382], 'Case': [383], 'reports': [384], 'from': [387, 819], 'Europe': [389], 'extend': [390], 'back': [391], 'least': [394, 697], '19th': [396], 'century,': [397], 'but,': [398], 'thus': [399], 'far,': [400], 'not': [405], 'discovered': [407], 'War': [412, 427], 'II.': [413], 'Perhaps': [414], 'factors': [416], 'responsible': [417], 'were': [420], 'introduced': [421], 'into': [422, 954], 'II': [428], 'then': [430], 'reemerged': [431], 'more': [434, 550, 885], 'virulent': [435], 'form': [436], 'subsequently': [438], 'spread': [439], 'industrialized': [442], 'world.': [444], 'It': [445], 'also': [447], 'improvements': [450], 'health': [452], 'care': [453], 'and,': [454], 'particular,': [456], 'use': [458], 'antibiotics': [460], 'treat': [462], 'infections': [463], 'caused': [464], 'organisms': [466], 'including': [467, 755], 'toxin-producing': [468], 'bacteria': [469], 'reduced': [470], 'burden': [472], 'rash/fever': [474], 'allowed': [477], 'clinical': [485, 794, 898], 'entity.': [486], 'Itsuzo': [487], 'Shigematsu,': [488], 'Hiroshi': [489], 'Yanagawa,': [490], 'colleagues': [492], 'conducted': [494], '14': [495], 'surveys': [497, 620], 'These': [500], 'indicated': [502], 'that:': [503], '1)': [504, 883], 'occurred': [506], 'initially': [507], 'epidemics': [510], 'but': [511], 'now': [512], 'occurs': [513], 'regional': [515], 'outbreaks;': [516], '2)': [517, 902], 'there': [518], '∼5000': [520], '6000': [522], 'each': [525], 'year;': [526], '3)': [527, 935], 'current': [528], 'estimates': [529], 'incidence': [531, 624], 'rates': [532], '120': [534], '150': [536], 'per': [538, 630], '100': [539, 631], '000': [540, 632], '&amp;lt;5': [542, 561, 634], 'years': [543, 562, 635, 699], 'old;': [544, 563], '4)': [545, 949], '1.5': [548], 'times': [549], 'common': [551], 'males': [553], '85%': [555], 'occur': [558, 652], '5)': [565], 'recurrence': [567], 'rate': [568, 814], 'low': [570], '(4%).': [571], '1978,': [573], 'David': [574], 'Morens': [575], 'Centers': [578, 594], 'Disease': [580, 596], 'Control': [581, 597], 'Prevention': [583, 599], 'definition': [587, 888], 'based': [588, 908], "Kawasaki's": [590], 'original': [591], 'criteria.': [592], 'computerized': [602], 'database': [603], '1984,': [605], 'passive': [608], 'reporting': [609], 'system': [610], 'exists': [612, 731], '22': [614], 'states.': [615], 'Regional': [616], 'investigations': [617], 'national': [619], 'annual': [623], '4': [626], '15': [628], 'age': [637], 'United': [640, 734], 'States.': [641, 735], 'reveals': [647], 'aneurysms': [651, 677, 818], 'sequela': [655], '20%': [660, 820], '25%': [662], 'untreated': [664], 'Echocardiography': [666], 'can': [667], 'successfully': [669], 'used': [670, 929], 'detect': [672], 'dilatation': [675], 'virtually': [679], 'all': [680], 'patients.': [681], 'Patients': [682], 'acute': [685, 915], 'phase': [686], 'changes': [689], 'detected': [690], 'echocardiogram': [692], 'asymptomatic': [695], 'later.': [700], 'Ministry': [703], 'Health': [705], 'established': [707, 797], 'registry': [709, 728], '6500': [711], 'who': [713, 853], 'will': [714], 'followed': [716], 'longitundinally': [717], 'determine': [719], 'illness.': [725], 'No': [726], 'similar': [727], 'Studies': [736], 'pathogenesis': [739], 'show': [740], 'progression': [742], 'lesions': [745], 'accompanying': [746], 'immunoregulatory': [753], 'changes,': [754], 'deficiency': [757], 'circulating': [759, 767], 'CD8+': [760], 'suppressor/cytotoxic': [761], 'T': [762], 'cells;': [763], 'abundance': [765], 'B': [768], 'cells': [769], 'spontaneously': [770], 'producing': [771], 'immunoglobulins;': [772], 'circulating,': [774], 'activated': [775], 'monocytes.': [776], 'Biochemical': [777], 'immunologic': [779], 'evidence': [780], 'suggests': [781], 'endothelial': [782, 916], 'cell': [783, 917], 'activation': [784], 'injury.': [786], 'unknown,': [793], 'trials': [795], 'effective': [798], 'therapies,': [799], 'despite': [800], 'absence': [802, 922], 'proven': [805], 'cause.': [806], 'Intravenous': [807], 'immunoglobulin': [808], '(IVIG)': [809], 'plus': [810], 'aspirin': [811], 'lowers': [812], '3%': [823], '5%.': [825], '1988,': [827], 'Committee': [829], 'Infectious': [831], 'Diseases': [832], 'American': [835], 'Academy': [836], 'Pediatrics': [838], 'endorsed': [839], 'IVIG': [840], 'treatment': [841, 850, 873], 'recommended': [843], 'therapy': [844], 'Questions': [847], 'remain': [848], 'regarding': [849], 'fail': [854], 'respond': 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