Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2122011624', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.npp.1301534', 'title': 'Modafinil: A Review of Neurochemical Actions and Effects on Cognition', 'display_name': 'Modafinil: A Review of Neurochemical Actions and Effects on Cognition', 'publication_year': 2007, 'publication_date': '2007-08-22', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2122011624', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.npp.1301534', 'mag': '2122011624', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17712350'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.npp.1301534', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.nature.com/articles/1301534.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S175030738', 'display_name': 'Neuropsychopharmacology', 'issn_l': '0893-133X', 'issn': ['0893-133X', '1740-634X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://www.nature.com/articles/1301534.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5018407857', 'display_name': 'Michael Minzenberg', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9167-9738'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I84218800', 'display_name': 'University of California, Davis', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05rrcem69', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I84218800']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Michael J Minzenberg', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Imaging Research Center, Davis School of Medicine, UC-Davis Health System, University of California, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Imaging Research Center, Davis School of Medicine, UC-Davis Health System, University of California, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I84218800']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5026663183', 'display_name': 'Cameron S. Carter', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7787-3166'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I84218800', 'display_name': 'University of California, Davis', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05rrcem69', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I84218800']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Cameron S Carter', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Imaging Research Center, Davis School of Medicine, UC-Davis Health System, University of California, Sacramento, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Imaging Research Center, Davis School of Medicine, UC-Davis Health System, University of California, Sacramento, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I84218800']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3690, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 4790, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 4.356, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 656, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.997602, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '33', 'issue': '7', 'first_page': '1477', 'last_page': '1502'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10985', 'display_name': 'Sleep and Wakefulness Research', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2805', 'display_name': 'Cognitive Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10985', 'display_name': 'Sleep and Wakefulness Research', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2805', 'display_name': 'Cognitive Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10342', 'display_name': 'Circadian rhythm and melatonin', 'score': 0.9961, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2807', 'display_name': 'Endocrine and Autonomic Systems'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10056', 'display_name': 'Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior', 'score': 0.9903, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2804', 'display_name': 'Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/neurochemical', 'display_name': 'Neurochemical', 'score': 0.8414288}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780714222', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410441', 'display_name': 'Modafinil', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9891812}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C25876315', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15197465', 'display_name': 'Neurochemical', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8414288}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779494582', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189561', 'display_name': 'Narcolepsy', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6162443}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.59943134}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169900460', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417', 'display_name': 'Cognition', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48037845}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169760540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4765316}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C118552586', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867', 'display_name': 'Psychiatry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.39315292}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.35019284}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D001559', 'descriptor_name': 'Benzhydryl Compounds', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001923', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain Chemistry', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003071', 'descriptor_name': 'Cognition', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018696', 'descriptor_name': 'Neuroprotective Agents', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001559', 'descriptor_name': 'Benzhydryl Compounds', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001923', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain Chemistry', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003071', 'descriptor_name': 'Cognition', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001523', 'descriptor_name': 'Mental Disorders', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000188', 'qualifier_name': 'drug therapy', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001523', 'descriptor_name': 'Mental Disorders', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000077408', 'descriptor_name': 'Modafinil', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018696', 'descriptor_name': 'Neuroprotective Agents', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.npp.1301534', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.nature.com/articles/1301534.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S175030738', 'display_name': 'Neuropsychopharmacology', 'issn_l': '0893-133X', 'issn': ['0893-133X', '1740-634X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17712350', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.npp.1301534', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.nature.com/articles/1301534.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S175030738', 'display_name': 'Neuropsychopharmacology', 'issn_l': '0893-133X', 'issn': ['0893-133X', '1740-634X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Nature', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.51, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 216, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1274431945', 'https://openalex.org/W1493305388', 'https://openalex.org/W1494321187', 'https://openalex.org/W1502186862', 'https://openalex.org/W1516755758', 'https://openalex.org/W1538619854', 'https://openalex.org/W1552361108', 'https://openalex.org/W1583745177', 'https://openalex.org/W1599299698', 'https://openalex.org/W1731271142', 'https://openalex.org/W1819927624', 'https://openalex.org/W183964568', 'https://openalex.org/W1860512920', 'https://openalex.org/W1911820154', 'https://openalex.org/W1945000294', 'https://openalex.org/W1954301870', 'https://openalex.org/W1964130862', 'https://openalex.org/W1965392517', 'https://openalex.org/W1966136869', 'https://openalex.org/W1966415679', 'https://openalex.org/W1966751706', 'https://openalex.org/W1966832522', 'https://openalex.org/W1966942082', 'https://openalex.org/W1967074507', 'https://openalex.org/W1968251262', 'https://openalex.org/W1969139870', 'https://openalex.org/W1969793379', 'https://openalex.org/W1970116189', 'https://openalex.org/W1970813526', 'https://openalex.org/W1971635815', 'https://openalex.org/W1972927648', 'https://openalex.org/W1973371295', 'https://openalex.org/W1973579491', 'https://openalex.org/W1974937769', 'https://openalex.org/W1974985188', 'https://openalex.org/W1975163395', 'https://openalex.org/W1975350287', 'https://openalex.org/W1975771352', 'https://openalex.org/W1975930259', 'https://openalex.org/W1976023634', 'https://openalex.org/W1976660789', 'https://openalex.org/W1977138162', 'https://openalex.org/W1978643681', 'https://openalex.org/W1980789028', 'https://openalex.org/W1981929571', 'https://openalex.org/W1986635669', 'https://openalex.org/W1986998339', 'https://openalex.org/W1988538582', 'https://openalex.org/W1988564186', 'https://openalex.org/W1989332510', 'https://openalex.org/W1991173125', 'https://openalex.org/W1992376156', 'https://openalex.org/W1993116126', 'https://openalex.org/W1993526288', 'https://openalex.org/W1994016110', 'https://openalex.org/W1994466998', 'https://openalex.org/W1995249243', 'https://openalex.org/W1998183542', 'https://openalex.org/W1998463685', 'https://openalex.org/W2000247756', 'https://openalex.org/W2000655626', 'https://openalex.org/W2000871388', 'https://openalex.org/W2001291171', 'https://openalex.org/W2002410482', 'https://openalex.org/W2002699922', 'https://openalex.org/W2003600001', 'https://openalex.org/W2005772069', 'https://openalex.org/W2007702485', 'https://openalex.org/W2007954852', 'https://openalex.org/W2008476170', 'https://openalex.org/W2009226215', 'https://openalex.org/W2011008555', 'https://openalex.org/W2011245740', 'https://openalex.org/W2013313898', 'https://openalex.org/W2013433929', 'https://openalex.org/W2013897217', 'https://openalex.org/W2014893236', 'https://openalex.org/W2017452049', 'https://openalex.org/W2018225738', 'https://openalex.org/W2019376105', 'https://openalex.org/W2019453378', 'https://openalex.org/W2020212968', 'https://openalex.org/W2020657415', 'https://openalex.org/W2022152471', 'https://openalex.org/W2022628868', 'https://openalex.org/W2025376150', 'https://openalex.org/W2027388527', 'https://openalex.org/W2028226190', 'https://openalex.org/W2031170053', 'https://openalex.org/W2031806361', 'https://openalex.org/W2033261798', 'https://openalex.org/W2033746496', 'https://openalex.org/W2034683974', 'https://openalex.org/W2036228531', 'https://openalex.org/W2036552054', 'https://openalex.org/W2037160612', 'https://openalex.org/W2039641058', 'https://openalex.org/W2039646168', 'https://openalex.org/W2040590783', 'https://openalex.org/W2042156112', 'https://openalex.org/W2042702082', 'https://openalex.org/W2044383443', 'https://openalex.org/W2044907318', 'https://openalex.org/W2045092168', 'https://openalex.org/W2045595436', 'https://openalex.org/W2048084506', 'https://openalex.org/W2048727294', 'https://openalex.org/W2049461503', 'https://openalex.org/W2049900040', 'https://openalex.org/W2053980490', 'https://openalex.org/W2053985180', 'https://openalex.org/W2054108303', 'https://openalex.org/W2054430976', 'https://openalex.org/W2054937326', 'https://openalex.org/W2055141797', 'https://openalex.org/W2055714475', 'https://openalex.org/W2055884477', 'https://openalex.org/W2056482741', 'https://openalex.org/W2057540457', 'https://openalex.org/W2057553673', 'https://openalex.org/W2057594895', 'https://openalex.org/W2058396154', 'https://openalex.org/W2060130670', 'https://openalex.org/W2062242288', 'https://openalex.org/W2062680928', 'https://openalex.org/W2063764296', 'https://openalex.org/W2067197183', 'https://openalex.org/W2067218568', 'https://openalex.org/W2068614245', 'https://openalex.org/W2069621692', 'https://openalex.org/W2069882113', 'https://openalex.org/W2070201885', 'https://openalex.org/W2070593108', 'https://openalex.org/W2071731482', 'https://openalex.org/W2071749684', 'https://openalex.org/W2072154498', 'https://openalex.org/W2073960829', 'https://openalex.org/W2074852535', 'https://openalex.org/W2076899398', 'https://openalex.org/W2078043304', 'https://openalex.org/W2078605989', 'https://openalex.org/W2079072219', 'https://openalex.org/W2081412792', 'https://openalex.org/W2082399986', 'https://openalex.org/W2082431448', 'https://openalex.org/W2085106576', 'https://openalex.org/W2085381668', 'https://openalex.org/W2086281434', 'https://openalex.org/W2086395522', 'https://openalex.org/W2087045789', 'https://openalex.org/W2087450828', 'https://openalex.org/W2088083180', 'https://openalex.org/W2090719035', 'https://openalex.org/W2093178891', 'https://openalex.org/W2094347374', 'https://openalex.org/W2094883739', 'https://openalex.org/W2095356758', 'https://openalex.org/W2097300969', 'https://openalex.org/W2099385540', 'https://openalex.org/W2100531908', 'https://openalex.org/W2102196985', 'https://openalex.org/W2103044052', 'https://openalex.org/W2104243285', 'https://openalex.org/W2104400023', 'https://openalex.org/W2105199807', 'https://openalex.org/W2107728601', 'https://openalex.org/W2108276415', 'https://openalex.org/W2108866348', 'https://openalex.org/W2111281708', 'https://openalex.org/W2115095583', 'https://openalex.org/W2115399730', 'https://openalex.org/W2117818413', 'https://openalex.org/W2122432474', 'https://openalex.org/W2122625420', 'https://openalex.org/W2123200781', 'https://openalex.org/W2126292584', 'https://openalex.org/W2128103058', 'https://openalex.org/W2128835192', 'https://openalex.org/W2130120700', 'https://openalex.org/W2130487146', 'https://openalex.org/W2135554504', 'https://openalex.org/W2145641802', 'https://openalex.org/W2146171987', 'https://openalex.org/W2147600411', 'https://openalex.org/W2150625787', 'https://openalex.org/W2151190869', 'https://openalex.org/W2154236181', 'https://openalex.org/W2154397718', 'https://openalex.org/W2156213302', 'https://openalex.org/W2158313902', 'https://openalex.org/W2158577167', 'https://openalex.org/W2161198022', 'https://openalex.org/W2163375570', 'https://openalex.org/W2163955995', 'https://openalex.org/W2164153190', 'https://openalex.org/W2167938236', 'https://openalex.org/W2168779932', 'https://openalex.org/W2168807446', 'https://openalex.org/W2169331715', 'https://openalex.org/W2185270343', 'https://openalex.org/W2188687162', 'https://openalex.org/W2201946268', 'https://openalex.org/W2270483538', 'https://openalex.org/W2337823340', 'https://openalex.org/W2394970597', 'https://openalex.org/W2397793041', 'https://openalex.org/W2409319485', 'https://openalex.org/W2412239491', 'https://openalex.org/W2419544619', 'https://openalex.org/W2503799583', 'https://openalex.org/W2551140411', 'https://openalex.org/W2764709716', 'https://openalex.org/W2950448456', 'https://openalex.org/W4231916041', 'https://openalex.org/W4322694663', 'https://openalex.org/W66447799'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4247256448', 'https://openalex.org/W3037606875', 'https://openalex.org/W29009247', 'https://openalex.org/W2807179119', 'https://openalex.org/W2766080873', 'https://openalex.org/W2151237973', 'https://openalex.org/W2075596256', 'https://openalex.org/W2040480454', 'https://openalex.org/W2006330943', 'https://openalex.org/W1599894749'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2122011624', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 22}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 32}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 32}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 44}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 25}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 19}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 34}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 42}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 22}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 47}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 49}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 63}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 61}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-19T18:36:12.589800', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}