Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2119360045', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s1096-4959(02)00052-0', 'title': 'Biosynthesis and role in osmoregulation of glycine-betaine in the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis LMK.', 'display_name': 'Biosynthesis and role in osmoregulation of glycine-betaine in the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis LMK.', 'publication_year': 2002, 'publication_date': '2002-06-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2119360045', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s1096-4959(02)00052-0', 'mag': '2119360045', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12031467'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s1096-4959(02)00052-0', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S102889028', 'display_name': 'Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B Biochemistry and Molecular Biology', 'issn_l': '1096-4959', 'issn': ['1096-4959', '1879-1107'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5086230675', 'display_name': 'C.G.N. De Vooys', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210107283', 'display_name': 'Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01gntjh03', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2800991832', 'https://openalex.org/I4210107283']}], 'countries': ['NL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'C.G.N. de Vooys', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, The Netherlands'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, The Netherlands', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210107283']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5038756019', 'display_name': 'Jan A. J. Geenevasen', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I887064364', 'display_name': 'University of Amsterdam', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04dkp9463', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I887064364']}], 'countries': ['NL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'J.A.J. Geenevasen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, University of Amsterdam Nieuwe Achtergracht 129, 1018 WS Amsterdam The Netherlands'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, University of Amsterdam Nieuwe Achtergracht 129, 1018 WS Amsterdam The Netherlands', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I887064364']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3300, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3300, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.233, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 33, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.781308, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 89, 'max': 90}, 'biblio': {'volume': '132', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '409', 'last_page': '414'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11399', 'display_name': 'Muscle metabolism and nutrition', 'score': 0.553, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1307', 'display_name': 'Cell Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11399', 'display_name': 'Muscle metabolism and nutrition', 'score': 0.553, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1307', 'display_name': 'Cell Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/betaine', 'display_name': 'Betaine', 'score': 0.98100436}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/osmoregulation', 'display_name': 'Osmoregulation', 'score': 0.66990346}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/choline', 'display_name': 'Choline', 'score': 0.4797993}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777248517', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72052841', 'display_name': 'Betaine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.98100436}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779909984', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21132', 'display_name': 'Mytilus', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9237546}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779987062', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13042834', 'display_name': 'Mussel', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.74782044}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777756961', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620730', 'display_name': 'Glycine', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7347681}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C58415070', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909456', 'display_name': 'Osmoregulation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.66990346}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6428074}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C129513315', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179615', 'display_name': 'Salinity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.51756686}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781123555', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193166', 'display_name': 'Choline', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4797993}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C197248824', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184395', 'display_name': 'Seawater', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44194937}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35539752}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.23460096}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C515207424', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8066', 'display_name': 'Amino acid', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.13803187}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D001622', 'descriptor_name': 'Betaine', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D049872', 'descriptor_name': 'Bivalvia', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014882', 'descriptor_name': 'Water-Electrolyte Balance', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001622', 'descriptor_name': 'Betaine', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001622', 'descriptor_name': 'Betaine', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000032', 'qualifier_name': 'analysis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001622', 'descriptor_name': 'Betaine', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D049872', 'descriptor_name': 'Bivalvia', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D049872', 'descriptor_name': 'Bivalvia', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003470', 'descriptor_name': 'Culture Media', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009682', 'descriptor_name': 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011868', 'descriptor_name': 'Radioisotopes', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s1096-4959(02)00052-0', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S102889028', 'display_name': 'Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B Biochemistry and Molecular Biology', 'issn_l': '1096-4959', 'issn': ['1096-4959', '1879-1107'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12031467', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14', 'score': 0.72, 'display_name': 'Life below water'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 31, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1822098637', 'https://openalex.org/W1967847298', 'https://openalex.org/W1986115510', 'https://openalex.org/W1995010407', 'https://openalex.org/W1996001547', 'https://openalex.org/W2016765901', 'https://openalex.org/W2019608026', 'https://openalex.org/W2020738561', 'https://openalex.org/W2022650041', 'https://openalex.org/W2023605227', 'https://openalex.org/W2026814322', 'https://openalex.org/W2041414705', 'https://openalex.org/W2042266413', 'https://openalex.org/W2045031296', 'https://openalex.org/W2052001183', 'https://openalex.org/W2056724630', 'https://openalex.org/W2062743116', 'https://openalex.org/W2066188439', 'https://openalex.org/W2076386943', 'https://openalex.org/W2080119934', 'https://openalex.org/W2094833876', 'https://openalex.org/W2102917649', 'https://openalex.org/W2136610928', 'https://openalex.org/W2143115872', 'https://openalex.org/W2145729177', 'https://openalex.org/W2162614376', 'https://openalex.org/W2229115927', 'https://openalex.org/W2441450630', 'https://openalex.org/W2545345437', 'https://openalex.org/W3148493267', 'https://openalex.org/W4250496092'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W324453365', 'https://openalex.org/W2499484765', 'https://openalex.org/W2119360045', 'https://openalex.org/W2077310602', 'https://openalex.org/W2064669597', 'https://openalex.org/W2057747197', 'https://openalex.org/W2041657913', 'https://openalex.org/W1911417213', 'https://openalex.org/W1598987965', 'https://openalex.org/W108046063'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2119360045', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-13T20:25:34.164749', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}