Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2114402394', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-67-3-289', 'title': 'Isolation and Characterization of Escherichia coli bacteriophage 8 specific for E. coli strains belonging to sero-group O 8', 'display_name': 'Isolation and Characterization of Escherichia coli bacteriophage 8 specific for E. coli strains belonging to sero-group O 8', 'publication_year': 1971, 'publication_date': '1971-08-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2114402394', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-67-3-289', 'mag': '2114402394', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4944828'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-67-3-289', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210238889', 'display_name': 'Journal of General Microbiology', 'issn_l': '0022-1287', 'issn': ['0022-1287', '2059-9323'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320497', 'host_organization_name': 'Microbiology Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320497'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Microbiology Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-67-3-289', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5089315494', 'display_name': 'Klaus Jann', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210164321', 'display_name': 'Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/058xzat49', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149899117', 'https://openalex.org/I4210164321']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'K. JANN', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Max-Planck-Institut für Immunbiologie, Freiburg, Germany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Max-Planck-Institut für Immunbiologie, Freiburg, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210164321']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5110716982', 'display_name': 'G Schmidt', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210164321', 'display_name': 'Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/058xzat49', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149899117', 'https://openalex.org/I4210164321']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'G. SCHMIDT', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Max-Planck-Institut für Immunbiologie, Freiburg, Germany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Max-Planck-Institut für Immunbiologie, Freiburg, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210164321']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5021753749', 'display_name': 'Barbara Wallenfels', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210164321', 'display_name': 'Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/058xzat49', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149899117', 'https://openalex.org/I4210164321']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'B. WALLENFELS', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Max-Planck-Institut für Immunbiologie, Freiburg, Germany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Max-Planck-Institut für Immunbiologie, Freiburg, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210164321']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5097722621', 'display_name': 'E. F.-M. OULBERT', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I161046081', 'display_name': 'University of Freiburg', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0245cg223', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I161046081']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'E. F.-M. OULBERT', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institut für Biologie der Universität, Elektronenmikroskopische Abteilung, Freiburg, Germany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institut für Biologie der Universität, Elektronenmikroskopische Abteilung, Freiburg, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I161046081']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.446, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 27, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.841866, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 91, 'max': 92}, 'biblio': {'volume': '67', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '289', 'last_page': '297'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11048', 'display_name': 'Bacteriophages and microbial interactions', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2303', 'display_name': 'Ecology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11048', 'display_name': 'Bacteriophages and microbial interactions', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2303', 'display_name': 'Ecology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11016', 'display_name': 'Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research', 'score': 0.9612, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2741', 'display_name': 'Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10521', 'display_name': 'RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms', 'score': 0.927, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/strain', 'display_name': 'Strain (injury)', 'score': 0.48497987}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C547475151', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25419', 'display_name': 'Escherichia coli', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.9304509}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776441376', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165028', 'display_name': 'Bacteriophage', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.86057216}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C89423630', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193', 'display_name': 'Microbiology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.6438018}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778022156', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576145', 'display_name': 'Strain (injury)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48497987}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.44421345}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.3958159}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153911025', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202', 'display_name': 'Molecular biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.34767142}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.087887675}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105702510', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514', 'display_name': 'Anatomy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D003090', 'descriptor_name': 'Coliphages', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000302', 'qualifier_name': 'isolation & purification', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000942', 'descriptor_name': 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002499', 'descriptor_name': 'Centrifugation, Density Gradient', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003090', 'descriptor_name': 'Coliphages', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003090', 'descriptor_name': 'Coliphages', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000254', 'qualifier_name': 'growth & development', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003090', 'descriptor_name': 'Coliphages', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004279', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA, Viral', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004279', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA, Viral', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000032', 'qualifier_name': 'analysis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004926', 'descriptor_name': 'Escherichia coli', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007106', 'descriptor_name': 'Immune Sera', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008070', 'descriptor_name': 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008070', 'descriptor_name': 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008854', 'descriptor_name': 'Microscopy, Electron', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009500', 'descriptor_name': 'Neutralization Tests', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011817', 'descriptor_name': 'Rabbits', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012703', 'descriptor_name': 'Serotyping', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012722', 'descriptor_name': 'Sewage', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013045', 'descriptor_name': 'Species Specificity', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-67-3-289', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210238889', 'display_name': 'Journal of General Microbiology', 'issn_l': '0022-1287', 'issn': ['0022-1287', '2059-9323'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320497', 'host_organization_name': 'Microbiology Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320497'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Microbiology Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4944828', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-67-3-289', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210238889', 'display_name': 'Journal of General Microbiology', 'issn_l': '0022-1287', 'issn': ['0022-1287', '2059-9323'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320497', 'host_organization_name': 'Microbiology Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320497'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Microbiology Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6', 'score': 0.86, 'display_name': 'Clean water and sanitation'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 12, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1502367539', 'https://openalex.org/W1591667507', 'https://openalex.org/W1921242279', 'https://openalex.org/W2008004275', 'https://openalex.org/W2011683499', 'https://openalex.org/W2048135106', 'https://openalex.org/W2095324682', 'https://openalex.org/W2098003172', 'https://openalex.org/W2152007603', 'https://openalex.org/W2171518226', 'https://openalex.org/W2214363391', 'https://openalex.org/W2417914335'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4283722671', 'https://openalex.org/W3144733943', 'https://openalex.org/W2992955585', 'https://openalex.org/W2799462113', 'https://openalex.org/W2785993273', 'https://openalex.org/W2387178301', 'https://openalex.org/W2382269147', 'https://openalex.org/W2360987025', 'https://openalex.org/W2114402394', 'https://openalex.org/W1584729042'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'SUMMARY:': [0], 'A': [1], 'bacteriophage': [2], 'which': [3], 'is': [4, 17], 'specific': [5, 27], 'for': [6], 'Escherichia': [7, 67], 'coli': [8, 32, 52, 68], 'O8': [9, 26, 70], 'strains': [10, 69], 'was': [11], 'isolated': [12], 'from': [13, 30], 'Freiburg': [14], 'sewage.': [15], 'It': [16], 'designated': [18], 'as': [19], 'Ω8.': [20], 'Inhibition': [21], 'studies': [22], 'suggested': [23], 'that': [24], 'the': [25, 36, 86], 'lipopolysaccharide': [28], '(isolated': [29], 'E.': [31, 51], 'O8)': [33], 'may': [34], 'be': [35], 'phage': [37], 'receptor': [38], 'or': [39], 'part': [40], 'of': [41, 50, 89, 102, 137], 'it.': [42], 'Bacteriophage': [43], 'Ω8': [44, 138], 'also': [45], 'causes': [46], 'clearing': [47], 'on': [48], 'lawns': [49], 'O93': [53, 72], 'if': [54], 'added': [55], 'at': [56, 128], 'high': [57], 'multiplicity': [58], 'but': [59], 'it': [60], 'does': [61], 'not': [62], 'multiply': [63], 'in': [64, 97], 'this': [65], 'strain.': [66], 'and': [71, 75, 116], 'cross-react': [73], 'serologically': [74], 'their': [76], '(O': [77], 'antigenic)': [78], 'lipopolysaccharides': [79], 'have': [80], 'similar': [81], 'structures.': [82], 'Electron': [83], 'microscopy': [84], 'revealed': [85], 'following': [87], 'features': [88], 'Ω8:': [90], 'icosahedric': [91], 'head,': [92], '48': [93], 'to': [94, 112, 118], '50': [95], 'nm.': [96, 114, 120, 125, 132], 'diameter;': [98], 'base': [99], 'plate': [100], 'consisting': [101], '6': [103, 109, 122], 'units,': [104], 'total': [105], 'diameter': [106], '14': [107], 'nm.;': [108], 'spikes,': [110], '12·0': [111], '14·5': [113], 'long': [115], '3·5': [117], '4·0': [119], 'thick;': [121], 'fibres,': [123], '168': [124], 'long,': [126], 'bent': [127], '56': [129], 'nm.,': [130], '1·5': [131], 'thick.': [133], 'The': [134], 'propagation': [135], 'characteristics': [136], 'are:': [139], 'burst': [140], 'size,': [141], '130;': [142], 'latent': [143], 'period,': [144, 148], '19': [145], 'min.;': [146], 'eclipse': [147], '13': [149], 'min.': [150]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2114402394', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-08T22:34:17.729972', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}