Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2111863354', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn1035', 'title': 'Neurobiology of butyrylcholinesterase', 'display_name': 'Neurobiology of butyrylcholinesterase', 'publication_year': 2003, 'publication_date': '2003-01-31', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2111863354', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn1035', 'mag': '2111863354', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12563284'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn1035', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S26843219', 'display_name': 'Nature reviews. Neuroscience', 'issn_l': '1471-003X', 'issn': ['1471-003X', '1471-0048'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319908', 'host_organization_name': 'Nature Portfolio', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319908', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Nature Portfolio', 'Springer Nature'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5018130591', 'display_name': 'Sultan Darvesh', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9881-7761'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I129902397', 'display_name': 'Dalhousie University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01e6qks80', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I129902397']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Sultan Darvesh', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I129902397']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5103517699', 'display_name': 'David A. Hopkins', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I129902397', 'display_name': 'Dalhousie University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01e6qks80', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I129902397']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'David A. Hopkins', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I129902397']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5032709385', 'display_name': 'Changiz Geula', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9311-3295'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I136199984', 'display_name': 'Harvard University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03vek6s52', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I136199984']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1316535847', 'display_name': 'Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04drvxt59', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1316535847']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Changiz Geula', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Medicine, Laboratory for Neurodegenerative and Aging Research, Harvard Medical School and Section of Gerontology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, 02215, Massachusetts, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Medicine, Laboratory for Neurodegenerative and Aging Research, Harvard Medical School and Section of Gerontology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, 02215, Massachusetts, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I136199984', 'https://openalex.org/I1316535847']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5018130591', 'https://openalex.org/A5032709385'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I129902397', 'https://openalex.org/I136199984', 'https://openalex.org/I1316535847'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 4.299, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 769, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.997452, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '4', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '131', 'last_page': '138'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12023', 'display_name': 'Cholinesterase Inhibitors in Neurodegenerative Diseases', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2736', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12023', 'display_name': 'Cholinesterase Inhibitors in Neurodegenerative Diseases', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2736', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10211', 'display_name': 'Computational Methods in Drug Discovery', 'score': 0.9947, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1703', 'display_name': 'Computational Theory and Mathematics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12891', 'display_name': 'Herbal Medicine for Neurological Disorders', 'score': 0.9925, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2707', 'display_name': 'Complementary and alternative medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/butyrylcholinesterase', 'display_name': 'Butyrylcholinesterase', 'score': 0.676251}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/acetylcholinesterase', 'display_name': 'Acetylcholinesterase', 'score': 0.55764}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/serine-hydrolase', 'display_name': 'Serine hydrolase', 'score': 0.549719}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/choline', 'display_name': 'Choline', 'score': 0.5154887}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cholinesterase', 'display_name': 'Cholinesterase', 'score': 0.46963808}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779101902', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22679015', 'display_name': 'Butyrylcholinesterase', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.9801344}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778816929', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22676679', 'display_name': 'Acetylcholinesterase', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8785256}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2775910092', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180623', 'display_name': 'Acetylcholine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.693492}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C22885893', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4862743', 'display_name': 'Cholinergic', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.62380373}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780900081', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7454849', 'display_name': 'Serine hydrolase', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.549719}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781123555', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193166', 'display_name': 'Choline', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5154887}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C181199279', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047', 'display_name': 'Enzyme', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5106762}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169760540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5024154}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C31896038', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415635', 'display_name': 'Cholinesterase', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46963808}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C545706735', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9404', 'display_name': 'Nervous system', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4687593}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.46118718}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C200170125', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q969316', 'display_name': 'Neurotransmission', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.45052677}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.44818687}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776414213', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183290', 'display_name': 'Serine', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.41257754}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.34496927}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779059548', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383701', 'display_name': 'Aché', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.3308682}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98274493', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.26680347}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C170493617', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467', 'display_name': 'Receptor', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.107676744}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D002091', 'descriptor_name': 'Butyrylcholinesterase', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009420', 'descriptor_name': 'Nervous System', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000201', 'qualifier_name': 'enzymology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000109', 'descriptor_name': 'Acetylcholine', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000109', 'descriptor_name': 'Acetylcholine', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002091', 'descriptor_name': 'Butyrylcholinesterase', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002091', 'descriptor_name': 'Butyrylcholinesterase', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002384', 'descriptor_name': 'Catalysis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007527', 'descriptor_name': 'Isoenzymes', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007527', 'descriptor_name': 'Isoenzymes', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009420', 'descriptor_name': 'Nervous System', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009474', 'descriptor_name': 'Neurons', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000201', 'qualifier_name': 'enzymology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009474', 'descriptor_name': 'Neurons', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011110', 'descriptor_name': 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn1035', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S26843219', 'display_name': 'Nature reviews. Neuroscience', 'issn_l': '1471-003X', 'issn': ['1471-003X', '1471-0048'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319908', 'host_organization_name': 'Nature Portfolio', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319908', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Nature Portfolio', 'Springer Nature'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12563284', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'score': 0.51, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 128, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W13712814', 'https://openalex.org/W1484089182', 'https://openalex.org/W1503006786', 'https://openalex.org/W1507525820', 'https://openalex.org/W1510064740', 'https://openalex.org/W1524384801', 'https://openalex.org/W1525063953', 'https://openalex.org/W1533771107', 'https://openalex.org/W1560930203', 'https://openalex.org/W1562398969', 'https://openalex.org/W158124874', 'https://openalex.org/W1602890239', 'https://openalex.org/W169250950', 'https://openalex.org/W1750238146', 'https://openalex.org/W180375671', 'https://openalex.org/W1885510056', 'https://openalex.org/W1965338304', 'https://openalex.org/W1967569673', 'https://openalex.org/W1967677513', 'https://openalex.org/W1971878065', 'https://openalex.org/W1972802908', 'https://openalex.org/W1972984257', 'https://openalex.org/W1973118348', 'https://openalex.org/W1977498406', 'https://openalex.org/W1979776558', 'https://openalex.org/W1981384880', 'https://openalex.org/W1983698184', 'https://openalex.org/W1984287695', 'https://openalex.org/W1985170411', 'https://openalex.org/W1986010933', 'https://openalex.org/W1987385392', 'https://openalex.org/W1989651605', 'https://openalex.org/W1990351437', 'https://openalex.org/W1990509935', 'https://openalex.org/W1990799654', 'https://openalex.org/W1990854180', 'https://openalex.org/W1991325324', 'https://openalex.org/W1991679922', 'https://openalex.org/W1996978235', 'https://openalex.org/W2000737539', 'https://openalex.org/W2002948314', 'https://openalex.org/W2004215317', 'https://openalex.org/W2007666107', 'https://openalex.org/W2008079972', 'https://openalex.org/W2009324613', 'https://openalex.org/W2010380693', 'https://openalex.org/W2011000826', 'https://openalex.org/W2012514021', 'https://openalex.org/W2013726303', 'https://openalex.org/W2017958468', 'https://openalex.org/W2020398703', 'https://openalex.org/W2023375422', 'https://openalex.org/W2024715013', 'https://openalex.org/W2029176920', 'https://openalex.org/W2029602490', 'https://openalex.org/W2032359251', 'https://openalex.org/W2037153458', 'https://openalex.org/W2037599745', 'https://openalex.org/W2039595489', 'https://openalex.org/W2039942392', 'https://openalex.org/W2044059781', 'https://openalex.org/W2044329450', 'https://openalex.org/W2044695391', 'https://openalex.org/W2048006402', 'https://openalex.org/W2048472231', 'https://openalex.org/W2048552267', 'https://openalex.org/W2051679721', 'https://openalex.org/W2054135384', 'https://openalex.org/W2054662854', 'https://openalex.org/W2055602100', 'https://openalex.org/W2059278090', 'https://openalex.org/W2060189255', 'https://openalex.org/W2063764057', 'https://openalex.org/W2066006937', 'https://openalex.org/W2066462517', 'https://openalex.org/W2066851444', 'https://openalex.org/W2068265873', 'https://openalex.org/W2070413713', 'https://openalex.org/W2070566742', 'https://openalex.org/W2073436941', 'https://openalex.org/W2076166567', 'https://openalex.org/W2076676029', 'https://openalex.org/W2076840880', 'https://openalex.org/W2077442537', 'https://openalex.org/W2078260002', 'https://openalex.org/W2081044883', 'https://openalex.org/W2084251301', 'https://openalex.org/W2084351368', 'https://openalex.org/W2085958374', 'https://openalex.org/W2087145942', 'https://openalex.org/W2089630704', 'https://openalex.org/W2090663532', 'https://openalex.org/W2094259323', 'https://openalex.org/W2097855973', 'https://openalex.org/W2098340774', 'https://openalex.org/W2098894063', 'https://openalex.org/W2099233151', 'https://openalex.org/W2100771731', 'https://openalex.org/W210267985', 'https://openalex.org/W2104606868', 'https://openalex.org/W2110301468', 'https://openalex.org/W2110765139', 'https://openalex.org/W2111425689', 'https://openalex.org/W2113827913', 'https://openalex.org/W2116249921', 'https://openalex.org/W2120115754', 'https://openalex.org/W2122783557', 'https://openalex.org/W2135336998', 'https://openalex.org/W2137777161', 'https://openalex.org/W2156941821', 'https://openalex.org/W2161634052', 'https://openalex.org/W2161672891', 'https://openalex.org/W2165731550', 'https://openalex.org/W2169867811', 'https://openalex.org/W2170784152', 'https://openalex.org/W2172216689', 'https://openalex.org/W2257391775', 'https://openalex.org/W2321114603', 'https://openalex.org/W2479553167', 'https://openalex.org/W3022128479', 'https://openalex.org/W315955095', 'https://openalex.org/W3216169949', 'https://openalex.org/W4248650858', 'https://openalex.org/W4254569928', 'https://openalex.org/W60187769', 'https://openalex.org/W608384132', 'https://openalex.org/W87802782', 'https://openalex.org/W93425853'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4293004897', 'https://openalex.org/W4286500906', 'https://openalex.org/W2444018620', 'https://openalex.org/W2356977258', 'https://openalex.org/W2346553461', 'https://openalex.org/W2162861318', 'https://openalex.org/W2078956743', 'https://openalex.org/W2011290762', 'https://openalex.org/W1968445486', 'https://openalex.org/W1961016897'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2111863354', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 24}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 49}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 55}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 53}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 40}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 43}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 37}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 42}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 43}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 42}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 37}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 45}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 35}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-19T06:06:32.244379', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}