Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2111055235', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00328.x', 'title': 'Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and conditioned pain modulation influence the perception of pain in humans', 'display_name': 'Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and conditioned pain modulation influence the perception of pain in humans', 'publication_year': 2013, 'publication_date': '2013-05-06', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2111055235', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00328.x', 'mag': '2111055235', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23650092', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3795936'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00328.x', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S143744428', 'display_name': 'European Journal of Pain', 'issn_l': '1090-3801', 'issn': ['1090-3801', '1532-2149'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3795936?pdf=render', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5086519252', 'display_name': 'Richard Eloin Liebano', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-6723'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210099176', 'display_name': 'Universidade Cidade de São Paulo', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/012gg9483', 'country_code': 'BR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210099176']}], 'countries': ['BR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'R.E. Liebano', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ["Master's and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID) São Paulo Brazil"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': "Master's and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID) São Paulo Brazil", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210099176']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5046447073', 'display_name': 'Carol Vance', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3002-054X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126307644', 'display_name': 'University of Iowa', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/036jqmy94', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126307644']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'C.G. Vance', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Graduate Program in Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science College of Medicine University of Iowa USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Graduate Program in Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science College of Medicine University of Iowa USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126307644']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5029826208', 'display_name': 'Barbara A. Rakel', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8009-2643'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126307644', 'display_name': 'University of Iowa', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/036jqmy94', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126307644']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'B.A. Rakel', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['College of Nursing , University of Iowa , USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'College of Nursing , University of Iowa , USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126307644']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5022491856', 'display_name': 'Jeffrey E. Lee', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6010-5590'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126307644', 'display_name': 'University of Iowa', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/036jqmy94', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126307644']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'J.E. Lee', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Graduate Program in Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science College of Medicine University of Iowa USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Graduate Program in Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science College of Medicine University of Iowa USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126307644']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5085335015', 'display_name': 'Nicholas Cooper', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6550-941X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126307644', 'display_name': 'University of Iowa', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/036jqmy94', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126307644']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'N.A. Cooper', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Graduate Program in Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science College of Medicine University of Iowa USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Graduate Program in Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science College of Medicine University of Iowa USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126307644']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5071497220', 'display_name': 'Serge Marchand', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-5977'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I135117807', 'display_name': 'Université de Sherbrooke', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00kybxq39', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I135117807']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'S. Marchand', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Faculté de Médecine Université de Sherbrooke Canada'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Faculté de Médecine Université de Sherbrooke Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I135117807']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5073728113', 'display_name': 'Deirdre Walsh', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4255-299X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I138801177', 'display_name': 'University of Ulster', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01yp9g959', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I138801177']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'D.M. Walsh', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, UK#TAB#'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, UK#TAB#', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I138801177']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5062314731', 'display_name': 'Kathleen A. Sluka', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0207-8728'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126307644', 'display_name': 'University of Iowa', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/036jqmy94', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126307644']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'K.A. Sluka', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Graduate Program in Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science College of Medicine University of Iowa USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Graduate Program in Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science College of Medicine University of Iowa USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126307644']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 4, 'institutions_distinct_count': 4, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 4000, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4000, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 2.145, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 33, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.865714, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 93, 'max': 94}, 'biblio': {'volume': '17', 'issue': '10', 'first_page': '1539', 'last_page': '1546'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10196', 'display_name': 'Mechanisms and Management of Neuropathic Pain', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2737', 'display_name': 'Physiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10196', 'display_name': 'Mechanisms and Management of Neuropathic Pain', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2737', 'display_name': 'Physiology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12035', 'display_name': 'Neurobiological Mechanisms of Placebo and Nocebo Effects', 'score': 0.9972, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2805', 'display_name': 'Cognitive Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10084', 'display_name': 'Global Burden of Chronic Pain', 'score': 0.9969, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2736', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/pain-modulation', 'display_name': 'Pain Modulation', 'score': 0.642783}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/central-sensitization', 'display_name': 'Central Sensitization', 'score': 0.533474}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780118021', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q142091', 'display_name': 'Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.886642}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C27081682', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269829', 'display_name': 'Placebo', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.73449033}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42219234', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130', 'display_name': 'Anesthesia', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.63493645}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6281535}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780820201', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173235', 'display_name': 'Analgesic', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.61523956}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780214079', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228537', 'display_name': 'Forearm', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5814034}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C24998067', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622', 'display_name': 'Stimulation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42832378}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3673659', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1098125', 'display_name': 'Threshold of pain', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42777088}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.15711969}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C141071460', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821', 'display_name': 'Surgery', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.14915094}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C204787440', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504', 'display_name': 'Alternative medicine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208', 'display_name': 'Pathology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D001132', 'descriptor_name': 'Arm', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010146', 'descriptor_name': 'Pain', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000503', 'qualifier_name': 'physiopathology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004561', 'descriptor_name': 'Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000293', 'descriptor_name': 'Adolescent', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000328', 'descriptor_name': 'Adult', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000698', 'descriptor_name': 'Analgesia', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000698', 'descriptor_name': 'Analgesia', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001132', 'descriptor_name': 'Arm', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010146', 'descriptor_name': 'Pain', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D059408', 'descriptor_name': 'Pain Management', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D059408', 'descriptor_name': 'Pain Management', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010147', 'descriptor_name': 'Pain Measurement', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010147', 'descriptor_name': 'Pain Measurement', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017288', 'descriptor_name': 'Pain Threshold', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017288', 'descriptor_name': 'Pain Threshold', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010465', 'descriptor_name': 'Perception', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010465', 'descriptor_name': 'Perception', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004561', 'descriptor_name': 'Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016896', 'descriptor_name': 'Treatment Outcome', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D055815', 'descriptor_name': 'Young Adult', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 4, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00328.x', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S143744428', 'display_name': 'European Journal of Pain', 'issn_l': '1090-3801', 'issn': ['1090-3801', '1532-2149'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3795936', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3795936?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3795936', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23650092', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3795936', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3795936?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'score': 0.41}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 54, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1866294353', 'https://openalex.org/W1907635514', 'https://openalex.org/W1964705819', 'https://openalex.org/W1969941872', 'https://openalex.org/W1970659471', 'https://openalex.org/W1975734227', 'https://openalex.org/W1976788064', 'https://openalex.org/W1984459084', 'https://openalex.org/W1989992452', 'https://openalex.org/W1993480656', 'https://openalex.org/W1996351848', 'https://openalex.org/W1997326520', 'https://openalex.org/W2001420351', 'https://openalex.org/W2004198953', 'https://openalex.org/W2004321127', 'https://openalex.org/W2015880870', 'https://openalex.org/W2018137119', 'https://openalex.org/W2018516085', 'https://openalex.org/W2020888218', 'https://openalex.org/W2021003061', 'https://openalex.org/W2023380291', 'https://openalex.org/W2026715651', 'https://openalex.org/W2030798303', 'https://openalex.org/W2039660679', 'https://openalex.org/W2044872610', 'https://openalex.org/W2046270400', 'https://openalex.org/W2046358224', 'https://openalex.org/W2047542701', 'https://openalex.org/W2048203787', 'https://openalex.org/W2053855385', 'https://openalex.org/W2054024143', 'https://openalex.org/W2056804151', 'https://openalex.org/W2059054840', 'https://openalex.org/W2061155112', 'https://openalex.org/W2067586272', 'https://openalex.org/W2070464622', 'https://openalex.org/W2072268623', 'https://openalex.org/W2077875698', 'https://openalex.org/W2082445217', 'https://openalex.org/W2083324157', 'https://openalex.org/W2083551278', 'https://openalex.org/W2091693287', 'https://openalex.org/W2100922294', 'https://openalex.org/W2106283848', 'https://openalex.org/W2113543505', 'https://openalex.org/W2114527423', 'https://openalex.org/W2128075071', 'https://openalex.org/W2130543460', 'https://openalex.org/W2136955002', 'https://openalex.org/W2141005071', 'https://openalex.org/W2143318474', 'https://openalex.org/W2160075367', 'https://openalex.org/W2169923097', 'https://openalex.org/W2184696313'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3012975287', 'https://openalex.org/W2411229737', 'https://openalex.org/W2362651106', 'https://openalex.org/W2140672720', 'https://openalex.org/W2138681768', 'https://openalex.org/W2128335588', 'https://openalex.org/W2122762525', 'https://openalex.org/W1966127473', 'https://openalex.org/W184964091', 'https://openalex.org/W1531030019'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Research': [0], 'in': [1, 34, 133], 'animal': [2], 'models': [3], 'suggests': [4], 'that': [5, 69], 'transcutaneous': [6], 'electrical': [7], 'nerve': [8], 'stimulation': [9], '(TENS)': [10], 'and': [11, 30, 61, 98, 116, 179, 210, 226], 'conditioned': [12], 'pain': [13], 'modulation': [14], '(CPM)': [15], 'produce': [16], 'analgesia': [17], 'via': [18], 'two': [19, 81], 'different': [20], 'supraspinal': [21], 'pathways.': [22], 'No': [23], 'known': [24], 'studies': [25], 'have': [26], 'examined': [27], 'whether': [28, 55], 'TENS': [29, 60, 143, 162, 172, 181, 213, 227, 245], 'CPM': [31, 62, 84, 89, 118, 124, 178, 196, 209, 225, 235], 'applied': [32, 149], 'simultaneously': [33], 'human': [35], 'subjects': [36], 'will': [37, 63], 'enhance': [38, 64], 'the': [39, 49, 56, 65, 129, 151, 231, 242], 'analgesic': [40, 66], 'effect': [41, 67, 236], 'of': [42, 48, 59, 68, 244], 'either': [43, 72], 'treatment': [44, 73], 'alone.': [45], 'The': [46], 'purpose': [47], 'current': [50], 'study': [51], 'was': [52, 125, 148, 201], 'to': [53, 150], 'investigate': [54], 'simultaneous': [57], 'application': [58, 220], 'produced': [70], 'by': [71, 127], 'alone.Sixty': [74], 'healthy': [75], 'adults': [76], 'were': [77, 101], 'randomly': [78], 'allocated': [79], 'into': [80], 'groups:': [82], '(1)': [83], 'plus': [85, 90, 119, 197], 'active': [86, 112, 120, 180, 212], 'TENS;': [87], '(2)': [88], 'placebo': [91, 114, 122, 171, 198], 'TENS.': [92, 123, 199], 'Pain': [93], 'threshold': [94], 'for': [95, 140, 153], 'heat': [96], '(HPT)': [97], 'pressure': [99], '(PPT)': [100], 'recorded': [102], 'from': [103], "subject's": [104], 'left': [105], 'forearm': [106, 152], 'at': [107, 156], 'baseline,': [108], 'during': [109, 111, 117, 208, 211], 'CPM,': [110], 'or': [113, 121, 190], 'TENS,': [115], 'induced': [126], 'placing': [128], "subjects'": [130], 'contralateral': [131], 'arm': [132], 'a': [134, 157, 202], 'hot': [135], 'water': [136], 'bath': [137], '(46.5': [138], '°C)': [139], '2': [141], 'min.': [142], '(100': [144], 'μs,': [145], '100': [146], 'Hz)': [147], '20': [154], 'min': [155], 'strong': [158], 'but': [159], 'comfortable': [160], 'intensity.Active': [161], 'alone': [163, 173], 'increased': [164], 'PPT': [165, 186, 207, 238], '(but': [166], 'not': [167, 183, 229], 'HPT)': [168], 'more': [169], 'than': [170], '(p': [174, 187, 192], '=': [175, 188, 193, 215, 218], '0.011).': [176], 'Combining': [177], 'did': [182], 'significantly': [184], 'increase': [185, 230], '0.232)': [189], 'HPT': [191], '0.423)': [194], 'beyond': [195], 'There': [200], 'significant': [203], 'positive': [204], 'association': [205], 'between': [206], '(r(2)': [214], '0.46;': [216], 'p': [217], '0.003).TENS': [219], 'increases': [221], 'PPT;': [222], 'however,': [223], 'combining': [224], 'does': [228], "CPM's": [232], 'hypoalgesic': [233], 'response.': [234], 'on': [237, 246], 'is': [239], 'associated': [240], 'with': [241], 'effects': [243], 'PPT.': [247]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2111055235', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 6}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-09T06:34:49.715615', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}