Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2109737906', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.114.057885', 'title': 'Deletion of 30 Murine Cytochrome P450 Genes Results In Viable Mice With Compromised Drug Metabolism', 'display_name': 'Deletion of 30 Murine Cytochrome P450 Genes Results In Viable Mice With Compromised Drug Metabolism', 'publication_year': 2014, 'publication_date': '2014-03-26', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2109737906', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.114.057885', 'mag': '2109737906', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24671958'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.114.057885', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S145039780', 'display_name': 'Drug Metabolism and Disposition', 'issn_l': '0090-9556', 'issn': ['0090-9556', '1521-009X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310316283', 'host_organization_name': 'American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310316283'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5040427157', 'display_name': 'Nico Scheer', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8847-0415'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210123183', 'display_name': 'Taconic (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02m1efx83', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210123183']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802526638', 'display_name': 'Ninewells Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/039c6rk82', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2800860831', 'https://openalex.org/I2802526638']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I177639307', 'display_name': 'University of Dundee', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03h2bxq36', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I177639307']}], 'countries': ['GB', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Nico Scheer', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom (L.A.M., A.K.M., C.J.H., C.R.W.)', 'TaconicArtemis, Köln, Germany (N.S., A.R.)'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'TaconicArtemis, Köln, Germany (N.S., A.R.)', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210123183']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom (L.A.M., A.K.M., C.J.H., C.R.W.)', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2802526638', 'https://openalex.org/I177639307']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5017811816', 'display_name': 'Colin J. Henderson', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4764-639X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210123183', 'display_name': 'Taconic (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02m1efx83', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210123183']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802526638', 'display_name': 'Ninewells Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/039c6rk82', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2800860831', 'https://openalex.org/I2802526638']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I177639307', 'display_name': 'University of Dundee', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03h2bxq36', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I177639307']}], 'countries': ['GB', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Lesley A. McLaughlin', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom (L.A.M., A.K.M., C.J.H., C.R.W.)', 'TaconicArtemis, Köln, Germany (N.S., A.R.)'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'TaconicArtemis, Köln, Germany (N.S., A.R.)', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210123183']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom (L.A.M., A.K.M., C.J.H., C.R.W.)', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2802526638', 'https://openalex.org/I177639307']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5070524848', 'display_name': 'Anja Rode', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210123183', 'display_name': 'Taconic (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02m1efx83', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210123183']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802526638', 'display_name': 'Ninewells Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/039c6rk82', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2800860831', 'https://openalex.org/I2802526638']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I177639307', 'display_name': 'University of Dundee', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03h2bxq36', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I177639307']}], 'countries': ['GB', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Anja Rode', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom (L.A.M., A.K.M., C.J.H., C.R.W.)', 'TaconicArtemis, Köln, Germany (N.S., A.R.)'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'TaconicArtemis, Köln, Germany (N.S., A.R.)', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210123183']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom (L.A.M., A.K.M., C.J.H., C.R.W.)', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2802526638', 'https://openalex.org/I177639307']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5103729173', 'display_name': 'A. Kenneth MacLeod', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210123183', 'display_name': 'Taconic (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02m1efx83', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210123183']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802526638', 'display_name': 'Ninewells Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/039c6rk82', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2800860831', 'https://openalex.org/I2802526638']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I177639307', 'display_name': 'University of Dundee', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03h2bxq36', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I177639307']}], 'countries': ['GB', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'A. Kenneth MacLeod', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom (L.A.M., A.K.M., C.J.H., C.R.W.)', 'TaconicArtemis, Köln, Germany (N.S., A.R.)'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'TaconicArtemis, Köln, Germany (N.S., A.R.)', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210123183']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom (L.A.M., A.K.M., C.J.H., C.R.W.)', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2802526638', 'https://openalex.org/I177639307']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5017811816', 'display_name': 'Colin J. Henderson', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4764-639X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I177639307', 'display_name': 'University of Dundee', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03h2bxq36', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I177639307']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210123183', 'display_name': 'Taconic (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02m1efx83', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210123183']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802526638', 'display_name': 'Ninewells Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/039c6rk82', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2800860831', 'https://openalex.org/I2802526638']}], 'countries': ['GB', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Colin J. Henderson', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom (L.A.M., A.K.M., C.J.H., C.R.W.)', 'TaconicArtemis, Köln, Germany (N.S., A.R.)'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom (L.A.M., A.K.M., C.J.H., C.R.W.)', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I177639307', 'https://openalex.org/I2802526638']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'TaconicArtemis, Köln, Germany (N.S., A.R.)', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210123183']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5087375405', 'display_name': 'C. Roland Wolf', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6969-0113'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210123183', 'display_name': 'Taconic (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02m1efx83', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210123183']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802526638', 'display_name': 'Ninewells Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/039c6rk82', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2800860831', 'https://openalex.org/I2802526638']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I177639307', 'display_name': 'University of Dundee', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03h2bxq36', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I177639307']}], 'countries': ['GB', 'US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'C. Roland Wolf', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom (L.A.M., A.K.M., C.J.H., C.R.W.)', 'TaconicArtemis, Köln, Germany (N.S., A.R.)'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'TaconicArtemis, Köln, Germany (N.S., A.R.)', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210123183']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom (L.A.M., A.K.M., C.J.H., C.R.W.)', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2802526638', 'https://openalex.org/I177639307']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 3.419, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 21, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.880414, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 91, 'max': 92}, 'biblio': {'volume': '42', 'issue': '6', 'first_page': '1022', 'last_page': '1030'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10375', 'display_name': 'Drug Metabolism and Pharmacogenomics', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3004', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/30', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10375', 'display_name': 'Drug Metabolism and Pharmacogenomics', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3004', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/30', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10570', 'display_name': 'Mechanisms of Multidrug Resistance in Cancer', 'score': 0.9992, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2730', 'display_name': 'Oncology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11839', 'display_name': 'Management of Primary Aldosteronism', 'score': 0.9878, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2712', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cyp3a', 'display_name': 'CYP3A', 'score': 0.8916927}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cytochrome-p450', 'display_name': 'Cytochrome P450', 'score': 0.565516}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-metabolism', 'display_name': 'Drug Metabolism', 'score': 0.563133}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/xenobiotic-metabolism', 'display_name': 'Xenobiotic Metabolism', 'score': 0.532334}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacogenetics', 'display_name': 'Pharmacogenetics', 'score': 0.515359}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/metabolic-regulation', 'display_name': 'Metabolic Regulation', 'score': 0.50815}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C526171541', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407693', 'display_name': 'Cytochrome P450', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.89346063}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C11824378', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5014970', 'display_name': 'CYP3A', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.8916927}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C89311334', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124842', 'display_name': 'Drug metabolism', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7526288}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C13002179', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6901821', 'display_name': 'Monooxygenase', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.6463937}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6429445}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119795356', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407801', 'display_name': 'Isozyme', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.62422353}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780768313', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408068', 'display_name': 'Cytochrome', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.48840255}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C112705442', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q323936', 'display_name': 'Pharmacokinetics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47194093}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C207001950', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124', 'display_name': 'In vivo', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4573838}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.450557}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C181199279', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047', 'display_name': 'Enzyme', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44619447}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780035454', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386', 'display_name': 'Drug', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44317606}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98274493', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4385729}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62231903', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057', 'display_name': 'Metabolism', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.436962}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.36891133}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.19935244}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D003577', 'descriptor_name': 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017353', 'descriptor_name': 'Gene Deletion', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007421', 'descriptor_name': 'Intestine, Small', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051379', 'descriptor_name': 'Mice', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018345', 'descriptor_name': 'Mice, Knockout', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008862', 'descriptor_name': 'Microsomes, Liver', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004364', 'descriptor_name': 'Pharmaceutical Preparations', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000008', 'qualifier_name': 'administration & dosage', 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.114.057885', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S145039780', 'display_name': 'Drug Metabolism and Disposition', 'issn_l': '0090-9556', 'issn': ['0090-9556', '1521-009X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310316283', 'host_organization_name': 'American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310316283'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24671958', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'score': 0.41, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 47, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1044120381', 'https://openalex.org/W1515666340', 'https://openalex.org/W1532212858', 'https://openalex.org/W1600472674', 'https://openalex.org/W1760321613', 'https://openalex.org/W1951469402', 'https://openalex.org/W1965429133', 'https://openalex.org/W1966628449', 'https://openalex.org/W1975797862', 'https://openalex.org/W1977607154', 'https://openalex.org/W1989654080', 'https://openalex.org/W1991366673', 'https://openalex.org/W2017729229', 'https://openalex.org/W2026975906', 'https://openalex.org/W2029416633', 'https://openalex.org/W2029753156', 'https://openalex.org/W2036776010', 'https://openalex.org/W2047821701', 'https://openalex.org/W2052406081', 'https://openalex.org/W2054044100', 'https://openalex.org/W2057656847', 'https://openalex.org/W2063632872', 'https://openalex.org/W2069164680', 'https://openalex.org/W2080752012', 'https://openalex.org/W2084315864', 'https://openalex.org/W2093055796', 'https://openalex.org/W2098388418', 'https://openalex.org/W2099461235', 'https://openalex.org/W2104768583', 'https://openalex.org/W2106096150', 'https://openalex.org/W2111329465', 'https://openalex.org/W2111868302', 'https://openalex.org/W2113131876', 'https://openalex.org/W2113524447', 'https://openalex.org/W2115763439', 'https://openalex.org/W2119283422', 'https://openalex.org/W2132303057', 'https://openalex.org/W2133309545', 'https://openalex.org/W2134749398', 'https://openalex.org/W2139358449', 'https://openalex.org/W2144488279', 'https://openalex.org/W2150549589', 'https://openalex.org/W2151389575', 'https://openalex.org/W2156672587', 'https://openalex.org/W2166367122', 'https://openalex.org/W2170306684', 'https://openalex.org/W2912171587'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2417684509', 'https://openalex.org/W2415423586', 'https://openalex.org/W2409723166', 'https://openalex.org/W2394667986', 'https://openalex.org/W2141813885', 'https://openalex.org/W2085599390', 'https://openalex.org/W2031553138', 'https://openalex.org/W1983598536', 'https://openalex.org/W1963548164', 'https://openalex.org/W171613788'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'In': [0], 'humans,': [1], '75%': [2], 'of': [3, 27, 38, 45, 51, 71, 116, 176, 210, 231], 'all': [4], 'drugs': [5], 'are': [6, 31], 'metabolized': [7], 'by': [8, 16, 57], 'the': [9, 17, 36, 43, 69, 72, 101, 196, 208, 211, 227, 232], 'cytochrome': [10, 39, 97, 177], 'P450-dependent': [11], 'monooxygenase': [12], 'system.': [13], 'Enzymes': [14], 'encoded': [15], '<i>CYP2C</i>,': [18], '<i>CYP2D</i>,': [19], 'and': [20, 42, 74, 80, 86, 104, 126, 156, 164, 204, 238], '<i>CYP3A</i>': [21], 'gene': [22, 65, 106], 'clusters': [23, 107], 'account': [24], 'for': [25], '∼80%': [26], 'this': [28], 'activity.': [29], 'There': [30], 'profound': [32], 'species': [33], 'differences': [34], 'in': [35, 78, 94, 161, 187, 194, 228, 235, 243], 'multiplicity': [37], 'P450': [40, 76, 98, 178, 233], 'enzymes,': [41], 'use': [44], 'mouse': [46, 92], 'models': [47], 'to': [48, 184, 225], 'predict': [49], 'pathways': [50], 'drug': [52, 79, 84, 188, 236], 'metabolism': [53, 209, 237], 'is': [54], 'further': [55], 'complicated': [56], 'overlapping': [58], 'substrate': [59, 213], 'specificity': [60], 'between': [61], 'enzymes': [62], 'from': [63, 100, 201], 'different': [64], 'families.': [66], 'To': [67], 'establish': [68], 'role': [70, 230], 'hepatic': [73, 162], 'extrahepatic': [75], 'system': [77, 234], 'foreign': [81], 'chemical': [82, 244], 'disposition,': [83], 'efficacy,': [85, 239], 'toxicity,': [87], 'we': [88], 'created': [89], 'a': [90, 113, 151, 165, 222], 'unique': [91], 'model': [93, 224], 'which': [95], '30': [96], 'genes': [99, 131], '<i>Cyp2c</i>,': [102], '<i>Cyp2d</i>,': [103], '<i>Cyp3a</i>': [105], 'have': [108, 132], 'been': [109], 'deleted.': [110], 'Remarkably,': [111], 'despite': [112], 'wide': [114], 'range': [115], 'putative': [117], 'important': [118], 'endogenous': [119], 'functions,': [120], 'Cyp2c/2d/3a': [121, 147, 218], 'KO': [122, 148, 219], 'mice': [123, 149, 220], 'were': [124, 170, 182, 192], 'viable': [125], 'fertile,': [127], 'demonstrating': [128], 'that': [129], 'these': [130], 'evolved': [133], 'primarily': [134], 'as': [135, 240, 242], 'detoxification': [136], 'enzymes.': [137], 'Although': [138], 'there': [139], 'was': [140, 215], 'no': [141], 'overt': [142], 'phenotype,': [143], 'detailed': [144], 'examination': [145], 'showed': [146], 'had': [150], 'smaller': [152], 'body': [153], 'size': [154], '(15%)': [155], 'larger': [157], 'livers': [158], '(20%).': [159], 'Changes': [160], 'morphology': [163], 'decreased': [166], 'blood': [167], 'glucose': [168], '(30%)': [169], 'also': [171], 'noted.': [172], 'A': [173], 'five-drug': [174], 'cocktail': [175], 'isozyme': [179], 'probe': [180], 'substrates': [181], 'used': [183], 'evaluate': [185], 'changes': [186, 191], 'pharmacokinetics;': [189], 'marked': [190], 'observed': [193], 'either': [195], 'pharmacokinetics': [197], 'or': [198], 'metabolites': [199], 'formed': [200], 'Cyp2c,': [202], 'Cyp2d,': [203], 'Cyp3a': [205], 'substrates,': [206], 'whereas': [207], 'Cyp1a': [212], 'caffeine': [214], 'unchanged.': [216], 'Thus,': [217], 'provide': [221], 'powerful': [223], 'study': [226], 'vivo': [229], 'well': [241], 'toxicity.': [245]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2109737906', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 4}], 'updated_date': '2024-08-15T09:30:56.790069', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}