Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2108913279', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/15507394.2012.648576', 'title': 'Spirituality and Academic Success: Perceptions of African American Males in the Community College', 'display_name': 'Spirituality and Academic Success: Perceptions of African American Males in the Community College', 'publication_year': 2012, 'publication_date': '2012-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2108913279', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/15507394.2012.648576', 'mag': '2108913279'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/15507394.2012.648576', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S80275993', 'display_name': 'Religion & Education', 'issn_l': '1550-7394', 'issn': ['1550-7394', '1949-8381'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319847', 'host_organization_name': 'Routledge', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319847'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Routledge'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5050195239', 'display_name': 'J. Luke Wood', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6905-2560'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I26538001', 'display_name': 'San Diego State University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0264fdx42', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I26538001']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'J. Luke Wood', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Administration, Rehabilitation, and Postsecondary Education, San Diego State University'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Administration, Rehabilitation, and Postsecondary Education, San Diego State University', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I26538001']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5110284117', 'display_name': 'Adriel A. Hilton', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I60922557', 'display_name': 'Upper Iowa University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02jhx4860', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I60922557']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Adriel A. Hilton', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Upper Iowa University , Fayette , Iowa'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Upper Iowa University , Fayette , Iowa', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I60922557']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 14.874, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 64, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999987, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 96, 'max': 97}, 'biblio': {'volume': '39', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '28', 'last_page': '47'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10267', 'display_name': 'Higher Education Research Studies', 'score': 0.9992, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3304', 'display_name': 'Education'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10267', 'display_name': 'Higher Education Research Studies', 'score': 0.9992, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3304', 'display_name': 'Education'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13780', 'display_name': 'Diverse Education Studies and Reforms', 'score': 0.9852, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3304', 'display_name': 'Education'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11998', 'display_name': 'Youth Development and Social Support', 'score': 0.9822, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3311', 'display_name': 'Safety Research'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/excellence', 'display_name': 'Excellence', 'score': 0.744568}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/spiritual-development', 'display_name': 'Spiritual development', 'score': 0.49856663}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C514793146', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168796', 'display_name': 'Spirituality', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.948664}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777352838', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5419420', 'display_name': 'Excellence', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.744568}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.58559096}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C26760741', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402', 'display_name': 'Perception', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5322511}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780238192', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168796', 'display_name': 'Spiritual development', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.49856663}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C77805123', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272', 'display_name': 'Social psychology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.44385678}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777239683', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157811', 'display_name': 'Virtue', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44184658}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C19417346', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922', 'display_name': 'Pedagogy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3646799}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C27206212', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178', 'display_name': 'Theology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.18116316}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.119680345}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.11521962}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C204787440', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504', 'display_name': 'Alternative medicine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208', 'display_name': 'Pathology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169760540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/15507394.2012.648576', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S80275993', 'display_name': 'Religion & Education', 'issn_l': '1550-7394', 'issn': ['1550-7394', '1949-8381'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319847', 'host_organization_name': 'Routledge', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319847'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Routledge'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5', 'display_name': 'Gender equality', 'score': 0.51}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 32, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W101642335', 'https://openalex.org/W126768712', 'https://openalex.org/W127495036', 'https://openalex.org/W1486953525', 'https://openalex.org/W1590154464', 'https://openalex.org/W1648883014', 'https://openalex.org/W1965516070', 'https://openalex.org/W1967660600', 'https://openalex.org/W1987568537', 'https://openalex.org/W1991663488', 'https://openalex.org/W1996869481', 'https://openalex.org/W2015762448', 'https://openalex.org/W2027851681', 'https://openalex.org/W2032275380', 'https://openalex.org/W2038680922', 'https://openalex.org/W2042784847', 'https://openalex.org/W2064472709', 'https://openalex.org/W2067836873', 'https://openalex.org/W2076421037', 'https://openalex.org/W2102512979', 'https://openalex.org/W2129598873', 'https://openalex.org/W2130230901', 'https://openalex.org/W2156046127', 'https://openalex.org/W2158713760', 'https://openalex.org/W2197666527', 'https://openalex.org/W2317353562', 'https://openalex.org/W2324034496', 'https://openalex.org/W2606390206', 'https://openalex.org/W31933974', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527', 'https://openalex.org/W52734326', 'https://openalex.org/W620606086'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4296783650', 'https://openalex.org/W2946591513', 'https://openalex.org/W2803352646', 'https://openalex.org/W2488758311', 'https://openalex.org/W2146079215', 'https://openalex.org/W2107314736', 'https://openalex.org/W2080461796', 'https://openalex.org/W2060811699', 'https://openalex.org/W2051885871', 'https://openalex.org/W2049397735'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'This': [1, 742, 1167, 1309, 1416], 'article': [2], 'presents': [3], 'findings': [4, 562], 'from': [5, 373, 1164], 'a': [6, 34, 43, 68, 128, 435, 599, 616, 664, 724, 922, 1010, 1169, 1303, 1313, 1341, 1468, 1549, 1961, 2016, 2077, 2101, 2127], 'qualitative': [7, 1196], 'study': [8], 'of': [9, 88, 105, 197, 202, 221, 225, 242, 288, 346, 365, 377, 392, 403, 430, 434, 450, 457, 483, 525, 539, 561, 575, 577, 584, 682, 689, 693, 708, 730, 784, 791, 805, 810, 841, 865, 872, 896, 909, 916, 937, 939, 949, 963, 991, 1022, 1031, 1035, 1066, 1089, 1102, 1118, 1216, 1315, 1414, 1488, 1491, 1511, 1525, 1534, 1542, 1556, 1584, 1593, 1627, 1644, 1650, 1664, 1673, 1691, 1711, 1728, 1788, 1811, 1820, 1848, 1855, 1862, 1903, 1911, 1921, 1930, 1963, 2003, 2018, 2135, 2140, 2145], 'academic': [10, 47, 60, 107, 149, 998, 1043, 1439, 1509], 'success': [11, 48, 61, 336, 1044, 1440], 'factors': [12, 1543], 'affecting': [13, 46], 'African': [14, 29, 156, 298, 301, 368, 518, 541, 566, 690, 731, 861, 891, 917, 940, 1073, 1109, 1442, 1535, 1571, 1595, 1617, 1674, 1692, 1718, 1789, 1821, 1863, 1883, 1943, 1953, 1983], 'American': [15, 30, 157, 194, 213, 236, 249, 269, 294, 302, 369, 469, 480, 519, 542, 567, 705, 732, 892, 918, 1074, 1110, 1443, 1536, 1572, 1596, 1618, 1675, 1693, 1719, 1767, 1790, 1822, 1864, 1884, 1944, 1954, 1984], 'male': [16, 31, 568, 1111, 1427, 1446, 1537, 1575, 1619], 'students': [17, 32, 74, 104, 1004, 1153], 'in': [18, 57, 170, 173, 248, 275, 300, 306, 371, 394, 495, 602, 627, 686, 727, 834, 942, 975, 1078, 1211, 1214, 1219, 1305, 1356, 1590, 1599, 1668, 1677, 1695, 1721, 1792, 1852, 1866, 1887, 1956, 2000, 2027, 2036, 2048, 2072, 2137], 'the': [19, 86, 138, 390, 540, 565, 573, 680, 687, 716, 728, 749, 806, 912, 935, 944, 970, 1026, 1103, 1301, 1306, 1412, 1425, 1462, 1483, 1489, 1495, 1591, 1642, 1744, 1817, 1853, 1878, 1908, 1957, 2001, 2049, 2062, 2082, 2091, 2107, 2138, 2143, 2146], 'community': [20, 36, 1159, 1447, 1551, 1621, 2050], 'college.': [21, 37, 2051], 'In-depth,': [22], 'semi-structured': [23], 'interviews': [24, 1267], 'were': [25, 1013, 1162, 1339], 'conducted': [26], 'with': [27, 72, 127, 1429, 1804, 2033, 2090], '28': [28], 'at': [33, 718, 1467, 1548, 1882, 2009, 2068, 2081, 2132], 'Southwestern': [35], 'Findings': [38, 866], 'illustrated': [39], 'that': [40, 136, 640, 1337, 1424], 'spirituality': [41, 65, 80, 98, 110, 119, 366, 451, 578, 597, 1007, 1430], 'was': [42, 62, 90, 2076], 'positive': [44], 'factor': [45, 726, 1012], 'for': [49, 84, 132, 140, 399, 492, 622, 650, 679, 947, 969, 984, 1005, 1057, 1126, 1184, 1288, 1317, 1344, 1452, 1616, 1781, 1858, 1942, 2151], 'some': [50], 'participants.': [51], 'Students': [52, 494, 919, 948, 974, 1062, 1114, 1466, 1598, 1916], 'responses': [53], 'indicated': [54], 'several': [55], 'ways': [56], 'which': [58, 89, 1006], 'their': [59, 106, 349, 1345, 1546], 'supported:': [63], '(1)': [64], 'served': [66, 81, 1008, 1311], 'as': [67, 82, 92, 723, 1009, 1312, 2114], 'confidant,': [69], 'an': [70, 93, 112, 395, 1079, 1600, 1997, 2034], 'entity': [71], 'whom': [73], 'could': [75], 'dialogue': [76], 'about': [77], 'issues;': [78], '(2)': [79], 'inspiration': [83], 'excellence,': [85], 'pursuit': [87], 'espoused': [91], 'important': [94], 'religious': [95], 'virtue;': [96], '(3)': [97], 'provided': [99, 111], 'life': [100], 'purpose,': [101], 'thereby': [102], 'reassuring': [103], 'plans;': [108], '(4)': [109], 'ability': [113], 'to': [114, 143, 338, 563, 581, 914, 1097, 1271, 1371, 1422, 1545, 2061, 2096, 2106], 'overcome': [115], 'barriers;': [116], 'and': [117, 158, 168, 199, 215, 238, 264, 290, 308, 313, 326, 343, 360, 389, 422, 427, 439, 485, 508, 513, 537, 587, 590, 624, 643, 647, 672, 684, 710, 748, 755, 767, 800, 826, 831, 854, 883, 887, 957, 973, 999, 1105, 1136, 1142, 1158, 1174, 1191, 1228, 1242, 1250, 1262, 1268, 1290, 1322, 1352, 1365, 1373, 1387, 1402, 1444, 1508, 1519, 1538, 1573, 1587, 1629, 1641, 1705, 1715, 1723, 1741, 1743, 1763, 1771, 1784, 1809, 1813, 1837, 1905, 1933, 1975, 1979, 2006, 2046, 2064, 2093, 2099, 2120, 2142, 2148], '(5)': [118], 'reduced': [120], 'relational': [121], 'distractions,': [122], 'especially': [123], 'those': [124], 'not': [125, 1014, 1432], 'aligned': [126], 'Christian': [129], 'worldview.': [130], 'Recommendations': [131], 'practice': [133], 'are': [134, 1409], 'discussed': [135], 'address': [137], 'need': [139], 'institutional': [141], 'agents': [142], 'affirm': [144], "students'": [145, 339], 'spiritual': [146, 648], 'identities.': [147], 'KEYWORDS:': [148], 'successAfrican': [150], 'Americancommunity': [151], 'collegemalespirituality': [152], 'Notes': [153], 'The': [154, 218, 744, 1020, 1582, 1661, 1726, 1807, 1893, 1901, 1928], 'terms': [155], 'Black': [159, 174, 203, 324, 327, 378, 526, 745, 770, 788, 811, 842, 873, 897, 1426, 1665, 1805, 1840, 1844, 1859, 1912, 2043], 'will': [160], 'be': [161, 1335], 'used': [162], 'interchangeably.': [163], 'J.': [164, 190, 476, 506, 669, 674, 701, 780, 798, 819, 827, 850, 852, 1092, 1223, 1263, 1702, 1707, 1950], 'S.': [165, 191, 477, 670, 702, 828, 905, 1138, 1347, 1385], 'Mattis,': [166, 192, 478, 703, 853], '"Spirituality': [167, 388, 536, 886, 1978], 'Religion': [169, 303, 652], 'African-American': [171, 396, 431, 453, 994, 1058, 1464, 1512], 'Life,"': [172], 'Psychology': [175, 204, 379, 527, 695, 812, 843, 874, 898], '(4th': [176], 'ed.),': [177], 'ed.': [178, 310, 951], 'R.': [179, 353, 385, 505, 673, 779, 797, 818, 824, 849, 1093, 1283, 1528, 1736, 1758, 1831], 'L.': [180, 419, 487, 509, 534, 612, 635, 660, 713, 821, 855, 881, 952, 979, 1224, 1243, 1282, 1366, 1403, 1505, 1951, 1973], 'Jones': [181], '(Hampton,': [182], 'VA:': [183], 'Cobb': [184], '&': [185, 653, 1236, 2030], 'Henry': [186], 'Publishers,': [187], '2004),': [188, 977], '93–115.': [189], '"African': [193, 212, 235, 268, 468, 479, 704, 1766], "Women's": [195, 481, 706], 'Definitions': [196, 482, 707], 'Spirituality': [198, 237, 325, 484, 626, 685, 709, 722, 807, 910, 992], 'Religiosity,"': [200], 'Journal': [201, 224, 376, 402, 456, 524, 692, 809, 840, 871, 895, 1626, 1649, 1672, 1690, 1727, 1787, 1861], '26,': [205], 'no.': [206, 228, 256, 279, 381, 407, 442, 461, 529, 608, 631, 656, 697, 758, 775, 814, 845, 876, 900, 1202, 1632, 1680, 1698, 1732, 1795, 1827, 1869], '1': [207, 408, 462, 632, 657, 1796], '(2000):': [208, 383, 760], '101–122.': [209], 'A.': [210, 314, 593, 739, 1258, 1434, 1563, 1761, 1800, 1898, 2054, 2056], 'Calhoun-Brown,': [211, 740], 'Churches': [214], 'Political': [216, 753], 'Mobilization:': [217], 'Psychological': [219], 'Impact': [220, 1490, 1776], 'Organizational': [222], 'Resources,"': [223], 'Politics': [226, 756], '58,': [227], '4.': [229, 257], '(1996):': [230, 409, 847], '935–953;': [231], 'M.': [232, 355, 415, 446, 822, 856, 955, 987, 1172, 1207, 1636, 1764], 'E.': [233, 420, 1171, 1208, 1388, 1703, 1873], 'Dantley,': [234], 'Cornel': [239], "West's": [240], 'Notions': [241], 'phrophetic': [243], 'Pragmatism:': [244], 'Restructuring': [245], 'Educational': [246, 252, 1246, 1285, 1856, 2028], 'Leadership': [247, 2029], 'Urban': [250, 1080, 1601, 1749, 1782, 1824, 1946], 'Schools,"': [251, 1671], 'Administration': [253], 'Quarterly': [254], '41,': [255], '(2005):': [258, 633, 658], '651–674;': [259], 'K.': [260, 262, 358, 447, 880, 988, 1134, 1972], 'Newlin,': [261], 'Knafl,': [263], 'G.': [265, 386, 763, 1071, 1226, 1323, 1389, 1560], 'D.': [266, 352, 356, 423, 958, 1264, 1480, 1685], 'Melkus,': [267], 'Spirituality:': [270, 470], 'A': [271, 471, 546, 837, 863, 1083, 1099, 1486, 1531, 1880], 'Concept': [272, 472], 'Analysis,"': [273, 473], 'Advances': [274], 'Nursing': [276], 'Science': [277, 754], '25,': [278, 844, 875], '2': [280, 443, 609, 759, 901, 1681, 1699, 1870], '(2002):': [281, 902], '57–70;': [282], 'C.': [283, 321, 413, 762, 1175, 1320, 1362, 1399, 1458, 1504, 1754, 1874, 1899], 'Townsend': [284], 'Gilkes,': [285], '"The': [286, 907, 1195, 1709, 1802], 'Roles': [287], 'Church': [289], 'Community': [291, 694, 1060, 1081, 1112, 1453, 1471, 1496, 1576, 1602, 1624, 1889, 1914, 1947, 1958], 'Mothers:': [292], 'Ambivalent': [293], 'Sexism': [295], 'or': [296, 1029], 'Fragmented': [297], 'Familyhood?,"': [299], 'Interpretive': [304], 'Essays': [305], 'History': [307], 'Culture,': [309], 'T.': [311, 361, 533, 1479], 'Fulop': [312], 'Raboteau': [315], '(New': [316, 1377], 'York:': [317, 1378], 'Routledge,': [318], '1997),': [319], '524–543.': [320, 879], 'F.': [322, 417, 904, 1193, 1363, 1400, 1684, 1737, 1760], 'Stewart,': [323], 'Consciousness': [328], '(Trenton,': [329], 'NJ:': [330, 1233, 1295], 'Africa': [331], 'World': [332], 'Press,': [333, 1382], '1999).': [334, 1332], 'Academic': [335, 888, 1055, 1106, 1568, 1778, 1818, 1909, 1964, 1980, 2152], 'refers': [337], 'grade': [340], 'point': [341, 1314], 'averages': [342], 'successful': [344], 'completion': [345], 'classes': [347], 'toward': [348], 'degree': [350], 'goals.': [351], 'Brome,': [354], 'Owens,': [357], 'Allen,': [359, 1658], 'Vevaina,': [362], '"An': [363], 'examination': [364], 'among': [367, 452, 516, 1441], 'women': [370], 'recovery': [372], 'substance': [374], 'abuse,"': [375], '28,': [380, 899], '4': [382, 530, 776, 815, 846, 877, 1203, 1733, 1828], '470–486;': [384], 'Potts,': [387], 'Experience': [391, 938, 946, 972], 'Cancer': [393], 'Community:': [397], 'Implications': [398, 1780], 'Psychosocial': [400, 404, 1507], 'Oncology,"': [401], 'Oncology': [405], '14,': [406, 441], '1–19.': [410], 'W.': [411, 594, 712, 931, 1706, 1755], 'Dessio,': [412], 'Wade,': [414], 'Chao,': [416], 'Kronenberg,': [418], 'Cushman,': [421], 'Kalmuss,': [424], '"Religion,': [425], 'spirituality,': [426], 'healthcare': [428], 'choices': [429], 'women:': [432], 'Results': [433], 'national': [436], 'survey,"': [437], 'Ethnicity': [438], 'Disease': [440], '(2004):': [444, 610, 1655], '189–197.': [445], 'Herndon,': [448, 989], '"Expressions': [449, 990], 'college': [454, 1160, 1448, 1513, 1552, 1622, 1639], 'males,"': [455], "Men's": [458], 'Studies': [459, 2032], '12,': [460], '(2003):': [463, 1280, 1752, 1829], '75–84.': [464], 'Newlin': [465], 'et': [466], 'al.,': [467], '58.': [474], 'See': [475, 1052, 1206, 1398], 'Religiosity."': [486, 711], 'I.': [488, 613, 636, 661, 953, 980, 1122, 1435, 1564], 'Rendón,': [489, 614, 637, 662, 954, 981], 'Reconceptualizing': [490, 982], 'Success': [491, 983, 1056, 1077, 1569, 1965], 'Underserved': [493, 985], 'Higher': [496, 628, 1185, 1277, 1652, 2037], 'Education': [497, 502, 606, 629, 654, 1186, 1200, 1220, 1278, 1357, 1653, 1678, 1696, 1730, 1750, 1793, 1825, 1867, 2008, 2141], '(Washington,': [498], 'DC:': [499], 'National': [500, 869, 966], 'Postsecondary': [501, 2007], 'Cooperative,': [503], '2006).': [504, 1478], 'Jagers': [507, 586, 799], 'O.': [510], 'Mock,': [511, 588], '"Culture': [512, 589], 'social': [514, 1000], 'outcomes': [515], 'inner-city': [517], 'children:': [520], 'An': [521, 645, 1180, 1369, 1846], 'Afrographic': [522], 'exploration,"': [523], '19,': [528], '(1993):': [531, 777, 816], '391–405.': [532], 'Page,': [535], 'coping': [538], 'young': [543], 'adult': [544], 'male:': [545], 'phenomenological': [547], 'study"': [548], '(PhD': [549, 926, 1063, 1086, 1115, 1473, 1499, 1522, 1553, 1604, 1891, 1917, 1966], 'dissertation,': [550, 927, 1064, 1087, 1116, 1474, 1500, 1523, 1554, 1605, 1892, 1918, 1967], 'Capella': [551, 1501], 'University,': [552, 1477, 1502, 1608, 1896, 1970], '2008).': [553], 'Though': [554], 'his': [555, 2025], 'meager': [556], 'sample': [557], 'size': [558], 'prevents': [559], 'generalizability': [560], 'represent': [564], 'experience,': [569], 'it': [570], 'does': [571], 'indicate': [572], 'existence': [574], 'conceptions': [576], 'closely': [579, 2089], 'related': [580, 1544, 2105], 'prevailing': [582], 'definitions': [583], 'religiosity.': [585], 'Social': [591, 734, 772, 1515], 'Outcomes."': [592], 'Astin,': [595], '"Why': [596], 'deserves': [598], 'central': [600], 'place': [601], 'liberal': [603], 'education,"': [604], 'Liberal': [605], '90,': [607], '34–41.': [611], '"Realizing': [615, 663], 'transformed': [617], 'pedagogical': [618], 'dreamfield:': [619], 'Recasting': [620], 'agreements': [621, 639], 'teaching': [623, 642], 'learning,"': [625], '2,': [630], '1–12.': [634], '"Recasting': [638], 'govern': [641], 'learning:': [644], 'intellectual': [646], 'framework': [649], 'transformation,"': [651], '32,': [655, 757], '79–108.': [659], 'Transformed': [665], 'Pedagogical': [666], 'Dreamfield,"': [667], '2.': [668], 'Mattis': [671], 'Jagers,': [675], '"A': [676, 1613, 1939], 'Relational': [677], 'Framework': [678], 'Study': [681, 1085, 1101, 1354, 1487], 'Religiosity': [683, 859], 'Lives': [688], 'Americans,"': [691, 771, 789, 941], '29,': [696], '5': [698], '(2001):': [699], '519–539.': [700], 'Haight,': [714], '""Gathering': [715], 'Spirit"': [717], 'First': [719], 'Baptist': [720], 'Church:': [721], 'protective': [725], 'lives': [729], 'children,"': [733], 'Work': [735], '43': [736], '(1998):': [737, 1634], '213–221.': [738], '"Upon': [741], 'Rock:': [743], 'Church,': [746], 'Nonviolence,': [747], 'Civil': [750], 'Rights': [751], 'Movement,"': [752], '168–174.': [761], 'Ellison,': [764], '"Religious': [765], 'Involvement': [766], 'Self-Perception': [768], 'Among': [769, 787, 860, 890, 993, 1570, 1982], 'Forces': [773], '71,': [774], '1027–1055.': [778], 'Taylor,': [781, 820, 851], '"Structural': [782], 'Determinants': [783], 'Religious': [785, 792, 835], 'Participation': [786], 'Review': [790], 'Research': [793, 1128, 1145, 1328, 1351, 1628], '30': [794], '(1988):': [795], '114–125.': [796], 'P.': [801, 1053, 1070, 1229, 1559, 1580, 1611, 1799, 1926, 1937], 'Smith,': [802], '"Further': [803], 'Examination': [804, 1854], 'Scale,"': [808], '22,': [813, 1631], '391–405;': [817], 'Chatters,': [823, 857], 'Jayakody,': [825], 'Levin,': [829], '"Black': [830], 'White': [832, 924, 1445, 1470, 1574], 'Differences': [833], 'Participation:': [836], 'Multisample': [838], 'Comparson,"': [839], '403–410;': [848], '"Subjective': [858], 'Americans:': [862], 'Synthesis': [864], 'From': [867, 1095], 'Five': [868], 'Samples,"': [870], '(1999):': [878], 'Walker': [882, 1974], 'V.': [884, 1976], 'Dixon,': [885, 1977], 'Performance': [889, 1819, 1981], 'College': [893, 915, 995, 1061, 1113, 1472, 1497, 1577, 1603, 1625, 1915, 1948, 1985, 2139], 'Students,"': [894], '107–121.': [903], 'Phillips,': [906], 'Effects': [908, 1710], 'on': [911, 1108, 1494, 1717, 1777, 1816, 1877, 1907, 1989, 2042, 2111], 'Adjustment': [913], 'Who': [920], 'Attend': [921], 'Predominantly': [923, 1469], 'Institution"': [925], 'Boston': [928], 'College,': [929], '2000).': [930], 'Y.': [932, 1137, 1384], 'Lee,': [933], '"Transforming': [934], 'First-Year': [936, 945, 971], 'Transforming': [943], 'Color,': [950], 'Garcia,': [956], 'Person': [959], '(Columbia,': [960], 'SC:': [961], 'University': [962, 1065, 1088, 1117, 1381, 1524, 1555, 1920, 2021, 2071, 2134], 'South': [964], 'Carolina,': [965], 'Resource': [967], 'Center': [968], 'Transition,': [976], '93–107.': [978], 'Students.': [986], 'Males."': [996], 'Specific': [997], 'barriers': [1001], 'faced': [1002], 'by': [1003, 1016, 1046], 'resilience': [1011], 'described': [1015], 'Herndon.': [1017], 'Ibid.,': [1018], '80.': [1019], 'importance': [1021], 'this': [1023, 1165], 'approach': [1024], 'being': [1025], 'potential': [1027], 'revision': [1028], 'expansion': [1030], "Herdon's": [1032], '3': [1033, 1654], 'expressions': [1034], 'spirituality.': [1036], 'For': [1037], 'example,': [1038], 'these': [1039], 'three': [1040], 'studies': [1041], 'examined': [1042], 'guided': [1045], "Tinto's": [1047], '(1975,': [1048], '1993)': [1049], 'retention/departure': [1050], 'models.': [1051], 'Hampton,': [1054], 'Male': [1059, 1075, 1465, 1492, 1597, 1768, 1913, 1945], 'Southern': [1067], 'California,': [1068], '2002);': [1069], 'Jordan,': [1072, 1561, 1708], "Students'": [1076, 1407], 'College:': [1082, 1959], 'Case': [1084, 1353], 'Pennsylvania,': [1090], '2008);': [1091], 'Mosby,': [1094], 'Strain': [1096], 'Success:': [1098], 'Phenomenological': [1100], 'Personal': [1104], 'Pressures': [1107], 'San': [1119, 2010], 'Diego,': [1120], '2009).': [1121], 'Holloway,': [1123], 'Basic': [1124], 'Concepts': [1125], 'Qualitative': [1127, 1144, 1327, 1350, 1375], '(Malden,': [1129], 'MA:': [1130], 'Blackwell,': [1131], '1997).': [1132], 'N.': [1133, 1260], 'Denzin': [1135], 'Lincoln': [1139, 1386], '(ed.),': [1140], 'Collecting': [1141], 'Interpreting': [1143], '(Thousand': [1146, 1253, 1329, 1393], 'Oaks,': [1147, 1254, 1394], 'CA:': [1148, 1255, 1395], 'Sage,': [1149, 1256, 1331, 1396], '2003).': [1150, 1383], 'Dual': [1151], 'enrollment': [1152], 'who': [1154], 'attended': [1155], 'high': [1156], 'school': [1157], 'simultaneously': [1161], 'excluded': [1163], 'study.': [1166], 'is': [1168, 1419, 1431, 1996, 2015, 2058], 'pseudonym.': [1170], "O'Brien": [1173], 'Zudak,': [1176], '"Minority': [1177], 'serving': [1178], 'institutions:': [1179], 'overview,"': [1181], 'New': [1182, 1379, 1450, 1475, 1922], 'Directions': [1183, 1451], '102,': [1187], '5.': [1188], 'B.': [1189, 1192, 1230, 1240, 1244, 1324, 1348, 1367, 1404, 1757], 'Dicicco-Bloom': [1190], 'Crabtree,': [1194], 'research': [1197, 2040], 'interview,"': [1198], 'Medical': [1199], '40,': [1201], '(2006):': [1204], '314–321.': [1205], 'Brenner,': [1209], '"Interviewing': [1210], 'educational': [1212, 1647], 'research,"': [1213], 'Handbook': [1215], 'Complementary': [1217], 'Methods': [1218], 'Research,': [1221], 'eds.': [1222], 'Green,': [1225], 'Camilli,': [1227], 'Elmore': [1231], '(Mahwah,': [1232], 'Lawrence': [1234], 'Erlbaum': [1235], 'Associates,': [1237], '2006),': [1238], '357–370.': [1239], 'Johnson': [1241], 'Christensen,': [1245], 'research:': [1247], 'Quantitative,': [1248], 'Qualitative,': [1249], 'Mixed': [1251], 'Approaches': [1252], '2004).': [1257], 'Zanting,': [1259], 'Verloop,': [1261], 'Vermunt,': [1265], '"Using': [1266], 'concept': [1269], 'maps': [1270], 'access': [1272], 'mentor': [1273], "teachers'": [1274], 'practical': [1275], 'knowledge,"': [1276], '46': [1279], '195–214.': [1281], 'Gay,': [1284], 'Research:': [1286], 'Competencies': [1287], 'Analysis': [1289], 'Application': [1291], '(Upper': [1292], 'Saddle': [1293], 'River,': [1294], 'Prentice-Hall,': [1296], '1996).': [1297], 'Student': [1298, 1885], 'activities': [1299], 'assigned': [1300], 'researcher': [1302], 'table': [1304, 1310], 'campus': [1307], 'quad.': [1308], 'contact': [1316], 'participant': [1318], 'recruitment.': [1319], 'Marshall': [1321], 'Rossman,': [1325], 'Designing': [1326], 'Oaks:': [1330], 'It': [1333], 'should': [1334], 'noted': [1336], 'participants': [1338], 'paid': [1340], 'small': [1342], 'honorarium': [1343], 'time.': [1346], 'Merriam,': [1349], 'Applications': [1355], '(San': [1358], 'Francisco:': [1359], 'Jossey-Bass,': [1360], '1998).': [1361], 'Auerbach': [1364, 1401], 'Silverstein,': [1368, 1405], 'Introduction': [1370], 'Coding': [1372], 'Analysis:': [1374], 'Data': [1376], 'York': [1380, 1476], 'Guba,': [1390], 'Naturalistic': [1391], 'Inquiry': [1392], '1985).': [1397], '2003.': [1406], 'identities': [1408], 'protected': [1410], 'through': [1411], 'use': [1413], 'pseudonyms.': [1415], 'disconfirming': [1417], 'evidence': [1418], 'presented': [1420], 'first': [1421], 'illustrate': [1423], 'experience': [1428], 'universal.': [1433], 'Perrakis,': [1436, 1565], '"Factor': [1437, 1566], 'promoting': [1438], 'students,"': [1449, 1623], 'Colleges': [1454, 1890], '142': [1455], '(2008):': [1456], '15–23;': [1457], 'D': [1459], 'Stevens,': [1460], 'Skating': [1461], 'Zones:': [1463], 'Brown,': [1481], 'Keeping': [1482], 'Brother': [1484], 'Focused:': [1485], 'Mentoring': [1493], 'Level': [1498], '2007);': [1503], 'Goins,': [1506], 'functioning': [1510], 'students:': [1514], 'support,': [1516], 'racial': [1517, 1520], 'climate': [1518], 'identity': [1521], 'Washington,': [1526], '1995);': [1527], 'H.': [1529, 1579, 1610, 1925, 1936], 'Ihekwaba,': [1530], 'comparative': [1532], 'analysis': [1533], 'female': [1539], "studens'": [1540], 'perceptions': [1541, 1740], 'persistence': [1547, 1614], 'Texas': [1550], 'Texas,': [1557], '2001);': [1558], '2008;': [1562], 'Promoting': [1567], 'Students."': [1578, 1949, 1986], 'Mason,': [1581, 1612, 1927, 1938], 'Relationships': [1583, 1929], 'Academic,': [1585, 1931], 'Background,': [1586, 1932], 'Environmental': [1588, 1812, 1934], 'Variables': [1589], 'Persistence': [1592, 1940], 'Adult': [1594], 'Northern': [1606], 'Illinois': [1607], '1994);': [1609], 'model': [1615], 'urban': [1620], 'Practice': [1630], '8': [1633], '751–760.': [1635], 'Ceja,': [1637], '"Chicana': [1638], 'aspirations': [1640], 'role': [1643], 'parents:': [1645], 'Developing': [1646], 'resiliency,"': [1648], 'Hispanic': [1651], '1–25.': [1656], 'Q.': [1657], '"Racial': [1659], 'Microaggressions:': [1660], 'Schooling': [1662], 'Experiences': [1663, 1716], 'Middle-Class': [1666], 'Males': [1667, 1676, 1694, 1720, 1791, 1865, 1955], "Arizona's": [1669], 'Secondary': [1670], '1,': [1679, 1697, 1794, 1868], '(2010):': [1682, 1700, 1797, 1871], '125–143;': [1683], 'Beachum,': [1686], '"Prefatory:': [1687], 'Fearless': [1688], 'Faith,"': [1689], '63–72;': [1701], 'Davis': [1704], 'School': [1712, 1772], 'Context,': [1713], 'Structure,': [1714], 'Middle': [1722], 'High': [1724], 'School,"': [1725], 'Negro': [1729], '63,': [1731], '(1994):': [1734], '570–587;': [1735], 'Ferguson,': [1738], '"Teachers\'': [1739], 'expectations': [1742], 'Black-White': [1745], 'test': [1746], 'score': [1747], 'gap,"': [1748], '38': [1751], '460–537;': [1753], 'Lewis,': [1756], 'Butler,': [1759], 'Bonner,': [1762], 'Joubert,': [1765], 'Discipline': [1769], 'Patterns': [1770], 'District': [1773], 'Responses': [1774], 'Resulting': [1775], 'Achievement:': [1779], 'Educators': [1783], 'Policy': [1785, 2031], 'Makers,"': [1786], '7–25;': [1798], 'Noguera,': [1801], 'Trouble': [1803], 'Boys:': [1806], 'Role': [1808], 'Influence': [1810], 'Cultural': [1814], 'Factors': [1815], 'Males,"': [1823, 1860], '38,': [1826], '431–459;': [1830], 'Reynolds,': [1832], '""They': [1833], 'Think': [1834], "You're": [1835], 'Lazy,"': [1836], 'other': [1838], 'Messages': [1839], 'Parents': [1841], 'Send': [1842], 'Their': [1843], 'Sons:': [1845], 'Exploration': [1847], 'Critical': [1849], 'Race': [1850], 'Theory': [1851], 'Outcomes': [1857], '144–163.': [1872], 'Bush,': [1875], 'Dying': [1876], 'Vine:': [1879], 'Look': [1881], 'Achievement': [1886, 1910], 'California': [1888], 'Claremont': [1894], 'Graduate': [1895], '2004);': [1897], 'Faison,': [1900], 'Effect': [1902], 'Autonomy': [1904], 'Locus-of-Control': [1906], 'City': [1919], 'York,': [1923], '1993).': [1924], 'Variables;': [1935], 'Model': [1941, 1962], 'Wood,': [1952, 1994], 'Towards': [1960], 'Arizona': [1968, 2019], 'State': [1969, 2012, 2020], '2010).': [1971], 'Additional': [1987], 'informationNotes': [1988], 'contributorsJ.': [1990], 'Luke': [1991, 1993], 'WoodJ.': [1992], 'Ph.D.,': [1995], 'Assistant': [1998, 2060], 'Professor': [1999], 'Department': [2002], 'Administration,': [2004], 'Rehabilitation,': [2005], 'Diego': [2011], 'University.': [2013], 'He': [2014, 2075], 'graduate': [2017], 'where': [2022, 2086], 'he': [2023, 2087], 'earned': [2024], 'Ph.D.': [2026], 'emphasis': [2035], 'Education.': [2038], "Wood's": [2039], 'focuses': [2041], 'males,': [2044], 'leadership,': [2045], 'ethics': [2047], 'E-mail:': [2052, 2154], '[email protected]': [2053], 'HiltonAdriel': [2055], 'Hilton': [2057, 2124], 'Executive': [2059], 'President': [2063, 2150], 'Chief': [2065], 'Diversity': [2066], 'Officer': [2067], 'Upper': [2069], 'Iowa': [2070], 'Fayette,': [2073], 'Iowa.': [2074], 'public': [2078, 2102], 'policy': [2079, 2094, 2103], 'fellow': [2080], 'Greater': [2083], 'Baltimore': [2084], 'Committee,': [2085], 'worked': [2088], 'CEO': [2092], 'advisors': [2095], 'research,': [2097], 'develop,': [2098], 'advocate': [2100], 'agenda': [2104], 'business': [2108], "organization's": [2109], 'work': [2110], 'such': [2112], 'issues': [2113], 'economic': [2115], 'growth,': [2116], 'regional': [2117], 'transportation,': [2118], 'education,': [2119], 'workforce': [2121], 'preparedness.': [2122], 'Dr.': [2123], 'has': [2125], 'been': [2126], 'Frederick': [2128], 'Douglass': [2129], 'Teaching': [2130], 'Scholar': [2131], 'Clarion': [2133], 'Pennsylvania': [2136], 'Office': [2144], 'Provost': [2147], 'Vice': [2149], 'Affairs.': [2153], '[email protected]': [2155]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2108913279', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-10T17:09:53.058718', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}