Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2104899280', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddr253', 'title': 'Expression of the osteoarthritis-associated gene GDF5 is modulated epigenetically by DNA methylation', 'display_name': 'Expression of the osteoarthritis-associated gene GDF5 is modulated epigenetically by DNA methylation', 'publication_year': 2011, 'publication_date': '2011-06-03', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2104899280', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddr253', 'mag': '2104899280', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21642387'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddr253', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S166515463', 'display_name': 'Human Molecular Genetics', 'issn_l': '0964-6906', 'issn': ['0964-6906', '1460-2083'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648', 'host_organization_name': 'Oxford University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311647', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Oxford', 'Oxford University Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddr253', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5023618851', 'display_name': 'Louise N. Reynard', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6613-1797'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I84884186', 'display_name': 'Newcastle University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01kj2bm70', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I84884186']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Louise N. Reynard', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, 4th Floor, Catherine Cookson Building, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, 4th Floor, Catherine Cookson Building, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I84884186']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5109688832', 'display_name': 'Catherine Bui', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I84884186', 'display_name': 'Newcastle University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01kj2bm70', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I84884186']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Catherine Bui', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, 4th Floor Catherine Cookson Building, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK and'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, 4th Floor Catherine Cookson Building, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK and', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I84884186']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5077371209', 'display_name': 'Elizabeth G. Canty‐Laird', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5041-1316'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I146655781', 'display_name': 'University of Liverpool', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04xs57h96', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I146655781']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Elizabeth G. Canty-Laird', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing & Chronic Disease, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing & Chronic Disease, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I146655781']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5025695140', 'display_name': 'David A. Young', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7078-6745'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I84884186', 'display_name': 'Newcastle University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01kj2bm70', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I84884186']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'David A. Young', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, 4th Floor Catherine Cookson Building, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK and'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, 4th Floor Catherine Cookson Building, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK and', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I84884186']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5014881005', 'display_name': 'John Loughlin', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2018-3361'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I84884186', 'display_name': 'Newcastle University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01kj2bm70', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I84884186']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'John Loughlin', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, 4th Floor Catherine Cookson Building, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK and'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, 4th Floor Catherine Cookson Building, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK and', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I84884186']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 4181, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4181, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 5.572, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 116, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999985, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '20', 'issue': '17', 'first_page': '3450', 'last_page': '3460'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10269', 'display_name': 'Epigenetics and DNA Methylation', 'score': 0.995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10269', 'display_name': 'Epigenetics and DNA Methylation', 'score': 0.995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12400', 'display_name': 'Neurogenetic and Muscular Disorders Research', 'score': 0.9931, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2716', 'display_name': 'Genetics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11218', 'display_name': 'Hip disorders and treatments', 'score': 0.986, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cpg-site', 'display_name': 'CpG site', 'score': 0.51885617}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.83823526}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C190727270', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874745', 'display_name': 'DNA methylation', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.7378442}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C180754005', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80726', 'display_name': 'Allele', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.71191525}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.67997426}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33288867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q518328', 'display_name': 'Methylation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5451512}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153209595', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501128', 'display_name': 'Single-nucleotide polymorphism', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.5227751}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C140173407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138358', 'display_name': 'CpG site', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.51885617}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C135763542', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106016', 'display_name': 'Genotype', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.3430511}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.34212577}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C150194340', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972', 'display_name': 'Gene expression', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.25723594}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D019175', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA Methylation', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D055428', 'descriptor_name': 'Growth Differentiation Factor 5', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010003', 'descriptor_name': 'Osteoarthritis', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020121', 'descriptor_name': "5' Untranslated Regions", 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020121', 'descriptor_name': "5' Untranslated Regions", 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002460', 'descriptor_name': 'Cell Line', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D045744', 'descriptor_name': 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D019175', 'descriptor_name': 'DNA Methylation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020022', 'descriptor_name': 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020022', 'descriptor_name': 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D055428', 'descriptor_name': 'Growth Differentiation Factor 5', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010003', 'descriptor_name': 'Osteoarthritis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020641', 'descriptor_name': 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020641', 'descriptor_name': 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D060888', 'descriptor_name': 'Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddr253', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S166515463', 'display_name': 'Human Molecular Genetics', 'issn_l': '0964-6906', 'issn': ['0964-6906', '1460-2083'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648', 'host_organization_name': 'Oxford University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311647', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Oxford', 'Oxford University Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21642387', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddr253', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S166515463', 'display_name': 'Human Molecular Genetics', 'issn_l': '0964-6906', 'issn': ['0964-6906', '1460-2083'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648', 'host_organization_name': 'Oxford University Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311647', 'https://openalex.org/P4310311648'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Oxford', 'Oxford University Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'score': 0.48}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 55, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1597628009', 'https://openalex.org/W1880827597', 'https://openalex.org/W1967841068', 'https://openalex.org/W1968742787', 'https://openalex.org/W1969151675', 'https://openalex.org/W1969435202', 'https://openalex.org/W1975698703', 'https://openalex.org/W1976874678', 'https://openalex.org/W1982380837', 'https://openalex.org/W1983795715', 'https://openalex.org/W1987793414', 'https://openalex.org/W1988554495', 'https://openalex.org/W1989477285', 'https://openalex.org/W1997890656', 'https://openalex.org/W1997998652', 'https://openalex.org/W1999580437', 'https://openalex.org/W2003065653', 'https://openalex.org/W2008091117', 'https://openalex.org/W2008242453', 'https://openalex.org/W2016601342', 'https://openalex.org/W2024660757', 'https://openalex.org/W2028418054', 'https://openalex.org/W2029606567', 'https://openalex.org/W2033102369', 'https://openalex.org/W2040474954', 'https://openalex.org/W2048737732', 'https://openalex.org/W2066434686', 'https://openalex.org/W2069391190', 'https://openalex.org/W2076585127', 'https://openalex.org/W2077807753', 'https://openalex.org/W2077836832', 'https://openalex.org/W2086683152', 'https://openalex.org/W2088380402', 'https://openalex.org/W2115523644', 'https://openalex.org/W2118097656', 'https://openalex.org/W2119391334', 'https://openalex.org/W2124870028', 'https://openalex.org/W2130189740', 'https://openalex.org/W2130586735', 'https://openalex.org/W2132083557', 'https://openalex.org/W2134555277', 'https://openalex.org/W2137111781', 'https://openalex.org/W2137742454', 'https://openalex.org/W2139122477', 'https://openalex.org/W2152924568', 'https://openalex.org/W2155481788', 'https://openalex.org/W2159852502', 'https://openalex.org/W2161584400', 'https://openalex.org/W2161998322', 'https://openalex.org/W2164074092', 'https://openalex.org/W2165026044', 'https://openalex.org/W2170634666', 'https://openalex.org/W2172189400', 'https://openalex.org/W4245961463', 'https://openalex.org/W71378174'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2944524138', 'https://openalex.org/W2921336251', 'https://openalex.org/W2902329290', 'https://openalex.org/W2169344098', 'https://openalex.org/W2151182744', 'https://openalex.org/W2139872319', 'https://openalex.org/W2107880877', 'https://openalex.org/W2052355316', 'https://openalex.org/W2046964473', 'https://openalex.org/W2024490794'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'GDF5': [0, 23, 132, 146, 161, 212], 'is': [1, 24, 48, 214, 226], 'involved': [2], 'in': [3, 19, 52, 65, 150, 222, 233, 244], 'synovial': [4, 66], 'joint': [5, 67, 154], 'development,': [6], 'maintenance': [7], 'and': [8, 10, 34, 44, 91, 98, 134, 148, 153, 173, 178, 198], 'repair,': [9], 'the': [11, 20, 27, 53, 56, 62, 80, 89, 135, 145, 168, 191, 196, 204, 208, 239], 'rs143383': [12, 95, 172, 209, 225], 'C/T': [13], 'single': [14], 'nucleotide': [15], 'polymorphism': [16], '(SNP)': [17], 'located': [18], "5'UTR": [21, 149], 'of': [22, 55, 88, 94, 110, 144, 180, 207, 224, 241], 'associated,': [25], 'at': [26, 171], 'genome-wide': [28], 'significance': [29], 'level,': [30], 'with': [31, 35, 156, 159, 185], 'osteoarthritis': [32], 'susceptibility,': [33], 'other': [36], 'musculoskeletal': [37, 248], 'phenotypes': [38], 'including': [39], 'height,': [40], 'congenital': [41], 'hip': [42], 'dysplasia': [43], 'Achilles': [45], 'tendinopathy.': [46], 'There': [47], 'a': [49, 73, 181, 186], 'significant': [50], 'reduction': [51], 'expression': [54, 85, 133, 193, 213], 'disease-associated': [57], 'T': [58, 92, 199], 'allele': [59, 64, 243], 'relative': [60], 'to': [61, 120, 246], 'C': [63, 90, 108, 169, 197], 'tissues,': [68, 155], 'an': [69], 'effect': [70, 206], 'influenced': [71], 'by': [72, 122, 139, 167, 217, 231], 'second': [74], 'SNP': [75, 210], '(rs143384,': [76], 'C/T)': [77], 'also': [78], 'within': [79], "5'UTR.": [81], 'The': [82, 107, 163, 220], 'differential': [83], 'allelic': [84, 136, 192], '(DAE)': [86], 'imbalance': [87, 137, 194], 'alleles': [93, 109, 170], 'varies': [96], 'intra-': [97], 'inter-individually,': [99], 'suggesting': [100], 'that': [101, 116, 203, 236], 'DAE': [102, 223], 'may': [103], 'be': [104], 'modulated': [105, 215], 'epigenetically.': [106], 'both': [111], 'SNPs': [112], 'form': [113], 'CpG': [114, 164], 'dinucleotides': [115], 'are': [117], 'potentially': [118], 'amenable': [119], 'regulation': [121], 'methylation.': [123, 219], 'Here,': [124], 'we': [125], 'have': [126], 'examined': [127], 'whether': [128], 'DNA': [129, 218, 234], 'methylation': [130, 143, 235], 'regulates': [131], 'caused': [138], 'rs143383.': [140], 'We': [141], 'observed': [142], 'promoter': [147], 'cell': [151, 183], 'lines': [152], 'demethylation': [157], 'correlating': [158], 'increased': [160, 190], 'expression.': [162], 'sites': [165], 'created': [166], 'rs143384': [174], 'were': [175], 'variably': [176], 'methylated,': [177], 'treatment': [179], 'heterozygous': [182], 'line': [184], 'demethylating': [187], 'agent': [188], 'further': [189], 'between': [195], 'alleles.': [200], 'This': [201], 'demonstrates': [202], 'genetic': [205], 'on': [211], 'epigenetically': [216], 'variability': [221], 'therefore': [227], 'partly': [228], 'accounted': [229], 'for': [230], 'differences': [232], 'could': [237], 'influence': [238], 'penetrance': [240], 'this': [242], 'susceptibility': [245], 'common': [247], 'diseases.': [249]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2104899280', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 19}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-13T16:57:27.290323', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}