Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2104716618', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-3235-2010', 'title': 'Total aerosol effect: radiative forcing or radiative flux perturbation?', 'display_name': 'Total aerosol effect: radiative forcing or radiative flux perturbation?', 'publication_year': 2010, 'publication_date': '2010-04-06', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2104716618', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-3235-2010', 'mag': '2104716618'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-3235-2010', 'pdf_url': 'https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/10/3235/2010/acp-10-3235-2010.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S162708223', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric chemistry and physics', 'issn_l': '1680-7316', 'issn': ['1680-7316', '1680-7324'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310313756', 'host_organization_name': 'Copernicus Publications', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310313756'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Copernicus Publications'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/10/3235/2010/acp-10-3235-2010.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5041284859', 'display_name': 'Ulrike Lohmann', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8885-3785'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I35440088', 'display_name': 'ETH Zurich', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05a28rw58', 'country_code': 'CH', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2799323385', 'https://openalex.org/I35440088']}], 'countries': ['CH'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'U. Lohmann', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zürich, Switzerland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zürich, Switzerland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I35440088']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5050524341', 'display_name': 'Leon Rotstayn', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2385-4223'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210109753', 'display_name': 'Collaboration for Australian Weather and Climate Research', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01ew37b76', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1286406326', 'https://openalex.org/I1292875679', 'https://openalex.org/I2801453606', 'https://openalex.org/I4210109753', 'https://openalex.org/I4387156119']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1292875679', 'display_name': 'Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03qn8fb07', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1292875679', 'https://openalex.org/I2801453606', 'https://openalex.org/I4387156119']}], 'countries': ['AU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'L. Rotstayn', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, CSIRO, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, CSIRO, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210109753', 'https://openalex.org/I1292875679']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5025021005', 'display_name': 'Trude Storelvmo', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0068-2430'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I35440088', 'display_name': 'ETH Zurich', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05a28rw58', 'country_code': 'CH', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2799323385', 'https://openalex.org/I35440088']}], 'countries': ['CH'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'T. Storelvmo', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institute of Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zürich, Switzerland'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institute of Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zürich, Switzerland', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I35440088']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5038222670', 'display_name': 'Andy Jones', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1814-7601'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1293035123', 'display_name': 'Met Office', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01ch2yn61', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1293035123']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'A. Jones', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Met Office, Hadley Centre Exeter UK'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Met Office, Hadley Centre Exeter UK', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1293035123']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5020026680', 'display_name': 'Surabi Menon', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9892-4503'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I148283060', 'display_name': 'Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02jbv0t02', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1330989302', 'https://openalex.org/I148283060', 'https://openalex.org/I39565521']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'S. Menon', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I148283060']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5053411542', 'display_name': 'Johannes Quaas', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7057-194X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I149899117', 'display_name': 'Max Planck Society', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01hhn8329', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'nonprofit', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149899117']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'J. Quaas', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany#TAB#'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany#TAB#', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I149899117']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5073225703', 'display_name': 'Annica M. L. Ekman', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5940-2114'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I161593684', 'display_name': 'Stockholm University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05f0yaq80', 'country_code': 'SE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I161593684']}], 'countries': ['SE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'A. M. L. Ekman', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY\u2028Stockholm, Sweden'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY\u2028Stockholm, Sweden', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I161593684']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5041204954', 'display_name': 'D. Koch', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I116578957', 'display_name': 'Goddard Institute for Space Studies', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01cyfxe35', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I116578957', 'https://openalex.org/I4210124779']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'D. Koch', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['NASA GISS, New York, NY, USA;'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'NASA GISS, New York, NY, USA;', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I116578957']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5082049193', 'display_name': 'Reto Rüedy', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1270-1088'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I116578957', 'display_name': 'Goddard Institute for Space Studies', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01cyfxe35', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I116578957', 'https://openalex.org/I4210124779']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'R. Ruedy', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['NASA GISS, New York, NY, USA;'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'NASA GISS, New York, NY, USA;', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I116578957']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 6, 'institutions_distinct_count': 8, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 1600, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 1725, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 1600, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 1725, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 18.76, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 196, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.93892, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '10', 'issue': '7', 'first_page': '3235', 'last_page': '3246'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10075', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Aerosols and their Impacts', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1902', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10075', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Aerosols and their Impacts', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1902', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10347', 'display_name': "Aerosols' Impact on Climate and Hydrological Cycle", 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2306', 'display_name': 'Global and Planetary Change'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11320', 'display_name': 'Stratospheric Chemistry and Climate Change Impacts', 'score': 0.9989, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1902', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/forcing', 'display_name': 'Forcing (mathematics)', 'score': 0.6887608}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-forcing', 'display_name': 'Cloud forcing', 'score': 0.63358384}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/radiative-flux', 'display_name': 'Radiative flux', 'score': 0.58741874}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/aerosol-formation', 'display_name': 'Aerosol Formation', 'score': 0.568678}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/radiative-forcing', 'display_name': 'Radiative Forcing', 'score': 0.561151}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-forcing', 'display_name': 'Climate Forcing', 'score': 0.508562}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-composition', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric Composition', 'score': 0.504208}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C99578197', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1463606', 'display_name': 'Radiative forcing', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.879694}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779345167', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104541', 'display_name': 'Aerosol', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7852002}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C74902906', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190858', 'display_name': 'Radiative transfer', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7119162}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C197115733', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1003136', 'display_name': 'Forcing (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6887608}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C91586092', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric sciences', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.6834787}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39432304', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847', 'display_name': 'Environmental science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6782477}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C114203453', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135702', 'display_name': 'Cloud forcing', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.63358384}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C68130645', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7280375', 'display_name': 'Radiative flux', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.58741874}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C168754636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620920', 'display_name': 'Climate model', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5270838}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C49204034', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139', 'display_name': 'Climatology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.50427854}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C47737302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336', 'display_name': 'Greenhouse gas', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4666581}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C177918212', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q803623', 'display_name': 'Perturbation (astronomy)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46594775}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C107054158', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257', 'display_name': 'Precipitation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42033166}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153294291', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261', 'display_name': 'Meteorology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.34266198}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C132651083', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942', 'display_name': 'Climate change', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.28843087}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.15229243}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.053150803}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111368507', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518', 'display_name': 'Oceanography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-3235-2010', 'pdf_url': 'https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/10/3235/2010/acp-10-3235-2010.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S162708223', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric chemistry and physics', 'issn_l': '1680-7316', 'issn': ['1680-7316', '1680-7324'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310313756', 'host_organization_name': 'Copernicus Publications', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310313756'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Copernicus Publications'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/17715', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.research-collection.ethz.ch/bitstream/20.500.11850/17715/2/acp-10-3235-2010.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402302', 'display_name': 'Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I35440088', 'host_organization_name': 'ETH Zurich', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I35440088'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['ETH Zurich'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://ul.qucosa.de/api/qucosa%3A13832/attachment/ATT-0/', 'pdf_url': 'https://ul.qucosa.de/api/qucosa%3A13832/attachment/ATT-0/', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4377196312', 'display_name': 'Qucosa (Saxon State and University Library Dresden)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I3132420320', 'host_organization_name': 'SLUB Dresden', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I3132420320'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['SLUB Dresden'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-3235-2010', 'pdf_url': 'https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/10/3235/2010/acp-10-3235-2010.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S162708223', 'display_name': 'Atmospheric chemistry and physics', 'issn_l': '1680-7316', 'issn': ['1680-7316', '1680-7324'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310313756', 'host_organization_name': 'Copernicus Publications', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310313756'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Copernicus Publications'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13', 'display_name': 'Climate action', 'score': 0.76}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 90, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1536258309', 'https://openalex.org/W1618567178', 'https://openalex.org/W1620282461', 'https://openalex.org/W1888081417', 'https://openalex.org/W1936161554', 'https://openalex.org/W1963536423', 'https://openalex.org/W1966847571', 'https://openalex.org/W1969388238', 'https://openalex.org/W1970481829', 'https://openalex.org/W1972708547', 'https://openalex.org/W1973233492', 'https://openalex.org/W1973663782', 'https://openalex.org/W1975773659', 'https://openalex.org/W1978959125', 'https://openalex.org/W1981401412', 'https://openalex.org/W1986006395', 'https://openalex.org/W1991146308', 'https://openalex.org/W1991868326', 'https://openalex.org/W1997635519', 'https://openalex.org/W2003443956', 'https://openalex.org/W2004857908', 'https://openalex.org/W2011109821', 'https://openalex.org/W2019906359', 'https://openalex.org/W2028732731', 'https://openalex.org/W2028850213', 'https://openalex.org/W2031745442', 'https://openalex.org/W2032150198', 'https://openalex.org/W2032325034', 'https://openalex.org/W2033498665', 'https://openalex.org/W2034628021', 'https://openalex.org/W2035000783', 'https://openalex.org/W2044704835', 'https://openalex.org/W2047167353', 'https://openalex.org/W2049451608', 'https://openalex.org/W2049766574', 'https://openalex.org/W2049890683', 'https://openalex.org/W2054645853', 'https://openalex.org/W2055076840', 'https://openalex.org/W2055166259', 'https://openalex.org/W2055178836', 'https://openalex.org/W2063735826', 'https://openalex.org/W2070497864', 'https://openalex.org/W2074888049', 'https://openalex.org/W2076612066', 'https://openalex.org/W2079003039', 'https://openalex.org/W2079600028', 'https://openalex.org/W2085849605', 'https://openalex.org/W2086138006', 'https://openalex.org/W2086296423', 'https://openalex.org/W2091813923', 'https://openalex.org/W2095207371', 'https://openalex.org/W2097331168', 'https://openalex.org/W2104214449', 'https://openalex.org/W2109629341', 'https://openalex.org/W2110205478', 'https://openalex.org/W2110759070', 'https://openalex.org/W2116215293', 'https://openalex.org/W2116460859', 'https://openalex.org/W2119744638', 'https://openalex.org/W2122988812', 'https://openalex.org/W2125203445', 'https://openalex.org/W2125760892', 'https://openalex.org/W2131629344', 'https://openalex.org/W2133484165', 'https://openalex.org/W2133634621', 'https://openalex.org/W2135752554', 'https://openalex.org/W2139628331', 'https://openalex.org/W2144835857', 'https://openalex.org/W2145734859', 'https://openalex.org/W2146747860', 'https://openalex.org/W2148221736', 'https://openalex.org/W2148989872', 'https://openalex.org/W2152580768', 'https://openalex.org/W2153306945', 'https://openalex.org/W2154769487', 'https://openalex.org/W2156592434', 'https://openalex.org/W2158897593', 'https://openalex.org/W2159110989', 'https://openalex.org/W2160897099', 'https://openalex.org/W2163271322', 'https://openalex.org/W2167220187', 'https://openalex.org/W2171939740', 'https://openalex.org/W2173852084', 'https://openalex.org/W2176608949', 'https://openalex.org/W2505002622', 'https://openalex.org/W2539092128', 'https://openalex.org/W4236270162', 'https://openalex.org/W4252984435', 'https://openalex.org/W4301850497', 'https://openalex.org/W576314389'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4317215076', 'https://openalex.org/W4307993124', 'https://openalex.org/W4307993091', 'https://openalex.org/W4307260496', 'https://openalex.org/W4296829688', 'https://openalex.org/W2402117724', 'https://openalex.org/W2400836904', 'https://openalex.org/W2036387729', 'https://openalex.org/W1581909276', 'https://openalex.org/W1504868258'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract.': [0], 'Uncertainties': [1], 'in': [2, 18, 72, 169], 'aerosol': [3, 45, 70], 'radiative': [4, 46, 114, 131], 'forcings,': [5, 47], 'especially': [6], 'those': [7], 'associated': [8], 'with': [9, 27, 55, 95, 122], 'clouds,': [10], 'contribute': [11], 'to': [12, 16, 78, 129, 155, 161], 'a': [13, 66, 125, 152], 'large': [14], 'extent': [15], 'uncertainties': [17], 'the': [19, 36, 69, 73, 96, 113, 163], 'total': [20], 'anthropogenic': [21], 'forcing.': [22], 'The': [23], 'interaction': [24], 'of': [25, 38, 44, 68, 99, 165], 'aerosols': [26, 61], 'clouds': [28], 'and': [29, 62, 110, 140, 160], 'radiation': [30], 'introduces': [31], 'feedbacks': [32, 86, 139], 'which': [33], 'can': [34], 'affect': [35], 'rate': [37], 'precipitation': [39], 'formation.': [40], 'In': [41], 'former': [42], 'assessments': [43], 'these': [48, 137], 'effects': [49, 164], 'have': [50], 'not': [51], 'been': [52], 'quantified.': [53], 'Also,': [54], 'global': [56, 100], 'aerosol-climate': [57], 'models': [58], 'simulating': [59], 'interactively': [60], 'cloud': [63], 'microphysical': [64], 'properties,': [65], 'quantification': [67], 'forcings': [71, 115], 'traditional': [74], 'way': [75], 'is': [76], 'difficult': [77], 'define': [79], 'properly.': [80], 'Here': [81], 'we': [82, 148], 'argue': [83], 'that': [84, 104, 135], 'fast': [85, 138], 'should': [87], 'be': [88], 'included': [89], 'because': [90], 'they': [91], 'act': [92], 'quickly': [93], 'compared': [94], 'time': [97], 'scale': [98], 'warming.': [101], 'We': [102], 'show': [103], 'for': [105], 'different': [106, 157, 170], 'forcing': [107, 158, 167], 'agents': [108, 168], '(aerosols': [109], 'greenhouse': [111], 'gases)': [112], 'as': [116, 130, 151], 'traditionally': [117], 'defined': [118], 'agree': [119], 'rather': [120], 'well': [121], 'estimates': [123], 'from': [124], 'method,': [126], 'here': [127], 'referred': [128], 'flux': [132], 'perturbations': [133], '(RFP),': [134], 'takes': [136], 'interactions': [141], 'into': [142], 'account.': [143], 'Based': [144], 'on': [145], 'our': [146], 'results,': [147], 'recommend': [149], 'RFP': [150], 'valid': [153], 'option': [154], 'compare': [156, 162], 'agents,': [159], 'particular': [166], 'models.': [171]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2104716618', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 21}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 22}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 27}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 37}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-19T20:31:48.881117', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}