Organization of the retina of the mudpuppy, Necturus maculosus. II. Intracellular recording.

Name: Work Video:
Duration: 3 min 30 s
F. Werblin; John E. Dowling
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3880, 3891, 3900, 3928, 3946, 3976, 3994, 4065, 4076, 4097, 4104, 4123, 4157], 'VisionAnnual': [63], 'Review': [64], 'Vision': [66, 4132], 'Science,': [67, 1936], '4,': [69, 293, 1031, 1282, 3833], '1Differential': [71], 'electrical': [72], 'responses': [73, 1415, 1476, 2331, 2534, 2812, 3068, 3975, 4156], 'ganglion': [76, 263, 921, 1458, 1491, 1796, 2108, 2301, 2395, 2651, 2934, 3009, 3555, 3590, 3624, 3641, 3660, 3678, 3771, 3802, 3871, 3917, 3977, 4018], 'cell': [77, 264, 1430, 2109, 2233, 2330, 2407, 2438, 2816, 3483, 3614, 4155], 'subtypes:': [78], 'effects': [79, 1116, 2711], 'synaptic': [81, 158, 1876, 3720, 3756, 3848], 'blockade': [82], 'stimulating': [84], 'electrode': [85], 'location6': [86], 'Journal': [90, 201, 315, 344, 377, 442, 502, 562, 608, 637, 663, 692, 738, 769, 801, 846, 873, 908, 945, 976, 1008, 1057, 1082, 1108, 1171, 1192, 1233, 1255, 1309, 1339, 1365, 1535, 1558, 1592, 1628, 1651, 1682, 1725, 1756, 1837, 1869, 1889, 1919, 1965, 1985, 2009, 2761], 'Neural': [92, 547, 1779, 3513], 'Engineering,': [93], '15,': [95, 2372], '4Functional': [97], 'Compartmentalization': [98], 'within': [99], 'Starburst': [100], 'Amacrine': [101, 619, 1212, 1296, 1711, 2027], 'Cell': [102, 247, 671, 988, 1028, 1950], 'Dendrites': [103], 'RetinaCell': [106], 'Reports,': [107, 127, 291], '22,': [109, 129, 3886], '11Lrit1,': [111], 'a': [112, 509, 890, 1640, 1698, 1743, 1812, 1846, 2025, 2112, 2261, 2349, 2588, 2990, 3133, 3191, 3241, 3279, 3389, 3778], 'Retinal': [113, 208, 450, 492, 713, 749, 865, 880, 996, 1245, 1268, 1295, 1524, 1699, 1826, 2019, 2475, 2486, 2498, 2512, 2689, 2699, 2896, 2911, 3027, 3218, 3230, 3247, 3364, 3379, 3520, 3532, 3808], 'Transmembrane': [114], 'Protein,': [115], 'Regulates': [116], 'Selective': [117, 2567], 'Synapse': [118], 'Formation': [119], 'Cone': [121, 837, 1525, 1671, 1854, 1974], 'Photoreceptor': [122, 838], 'Cells': [123, 620, 751, 882, 1213, 1297, 1503, 1575, 1638, 1673, 1712, 1976, 2021], 'Visual': [125, 579, 926, 1511, 1547, 1602, 3525], 'AcuityCell': [126], '13Activation': [131], 'glial': [134], '(Müller)': [135], 'cells': [136, 787, 935, 1129, 1144, 1354, 1396, 1619, 1880, 2076, 2131, 2166, 2172, 2192, 2214, 2313, 2379, 2396, 2483, 2652, 2799, 2845, 2859, 2926, 2935, 2969, 2981, 3098, 3120, 3239, 3274, 3328, 3403, 3470, 3502, 3544, 3556, 3575, 3591, 3625, 3642, 3679, 3709, 3737, 3751, 3772, 3836, 3840, 3945, 3955, 3978, 3993, 4032, 4122], 'by': [137, 161, 270, 483, 546, 754, 832, 1216, 1394, 2024, 2175, 2382, 2649, 2757, 3315], 'extracellular': [138, 144, 2616, 2874, 2983], 'ATP': [139], 'induces': [140], 'pronounced': [141], 'increases': [142, 325, 2794], 'H+': [145], 'flux21': [146], 'February': [147, 198, 1753], 'PLOS': [150], 'ONE,': [151], '13,': [153, 2885, 3431], '2Real-time': [155], 'imaging': [156], 'vesicle': [159], 'exocytosis': [160], 'total': [162], 'internal': [163], 'reflection': [164], 'fluorescence': [165], '(TIRF)': [166], 'microscopyNeuroscience': [167], 'ResearchSpatiotemporal': [168], 'characteristics': [169, 1347, 1612, 4014], 'response': [172, 1159, 2246, 3105, 3296, 3636, 3655, 4013], 'network-mediated': [174], 'photovoltaic': [175], 'stimulationElton': [176], 'Ho,*': [177], 'Richard': [178, 1645], 'Smith,*': [179], 'Georges': [180], 'Goetz,': [181], 'Xin': [182], 'Lei,': [183], 'Ludwig': [184], 'Galambos,': [185], 'Theodore': [186], 'I.': [187, 677, 4054], 'Kamins,': [188], 'James': [189], 'Harris,': [190], 'Keith': [191], 'Mathieson,': [192], 'Daniel': [193], 'Palanker,': [194], 'Alexander': [196], 'Sher1': [197], 'Neurophysiology,': [203, 317, 346, 379, 444, 504, 564, 610, 639, 665, 694, 771, 910, 1010, 1235, 1257, 1311, 1341, 1537, 1560, 1594, 1653, 1684, 1727, 1758, 1839, 1871, 1921, 1967, 1987, 2011], '119,': [205], '2Calculating': [207], 'Contrast': [209], 'from': [210, 1123, 1352, 1811, 2736, 2771, 2855, 2901, 3035, 3055, 3087, 3096, 3167, 3454, 3570, 3710, 4093], 'Scene': [211], 'Content:': [212], 'A': [213, 2000, 2447, 2908, 3828], 'Program17': [214], 'January': [215, 341, 532, 689, 734, 1252, 1679, 1916], 'Frontiers': [218], 'Psychology,': [220], '8Rod': [222], 'cone': [224, 303, 782, 2074, 2190, 3202, 3731, 3914, 3943, 4080], 'interactions': [225], 'retina23': [228], 'F1000Research,': [232], '7Dopamine': [234], 'Regulation': [235], 'GABAA': [237, 2127], 'Receptors': [238, 854, 1508, 1735], 'Contributes': [239, 1567], 'Light/Dark': [241], 'Modulation': [242], 'ON-Cone': [245], 'Bipolar': [246, 493, 670, 867, 881, 987, 1269, 1526, 1574, 1637, 1672, 1700, 1975], 'Receptive': [248, 3798], 'Field': [249], 'Surround': [250], 'RetinaCurrent': [253], 'Biology,': [254, 1029], '27,': [256, 2995, 3013], '17Distinct': [258], 'subcomponents': [259], 'mouse': [261, 1622], 'receptive': [265, 1614, 2930, 3004, 3587, 3692], 'fields': [266, 3005, 3588, 3693, 3799], 'are': [267], 'differentially': [268], 'altered': [269], 'light': [271, 1454, 1475, 2228], 'adaptationVision': [272], 'Research,': [273, 704, 717, 791, 825, 1133, 2042, 2063, 2080, 2098, 2120, 2137, 2157, 2198, 2220, 2235, 2322, 2339, 2409, 2457, 2476, 2487, 2499, 2513, 2526, 2540, 2559, 2575, 2595, 2622, 2641, 2659, 2690, 2700, 2717, 2743, 2789, 2803, 2822, 2897, 2912, 2940, 2993, 3011, 3028, 3073, 3090, 3108, 3126, 3143, 3152, 3160, 3205, 3219, 3231, 3248, 3286, 3300, 3317, 3336, 3347, 3365, 3380, 3446, 3461, 3475, 3490, 3507, 3521, 3533, 3579, 3601, 3616, 3629, 3647, 3662, 3686, 3698, 3714, 3725, 3741, 3762, 3782, 3809, 3850, 3873, 3884, 3904, 3919, 3936, 3949, 3965, 3983, 4002, 4020, 4037, 4057, 4067, 4082, 4162], '131A': [275], 'normalized': [276, 815], 'contrast-encoding': [277], 'exhibits': [279], 'bright/dark': [280], 'asymmetries': [281], 'similar': [282], 'early': [284, 2918], 'visual': [285, 330, 355, 520, 1140, 1392, 2263, 2354, 2367, 2919, 3158, 3391, 4106], 'neurons6': [286], 'April': [287, 941, 1022, 1648, 1982, 2006], '2016': [288, 582, 649, 1933, 4143], 'Physiological': [290, 462, 3932], '7Differential': [295], 'encoding': [296], 'spatial': [298, 711, 1793], 'information': [299, 516, 3824], 'among': [300], 'on': [302, 403, 1120, 1317, 2129, 2181, 2212, 2435, 2873, 3080, 3116, 3237, 3243, 3869, 4029, 4048], 'bipolar': [304, 334, 786, 934, 1103, 1128, 1165, 1395, 1417, 1443, 1879, 2130, 2148, 2329, 2378, 2844, 2858, 2904, 3038, 3119, 3271, 3639, 3696, 3734, 3787, 3944], 'cellsRobert': [305], 'J.': [306, 552, 632], 'Purgert': [307], 'Peter': [309, 1002], 'D.': [310, 1003], 'Lukasiewicz15': [311], 'September': [312, 522, 1885], '2015': [313, 342], '114,': [319], '3Calcium': [321], 'spike-mediated': [322], 'digital': [323], 'signaling': [324, 3890], 'glutamate': [326, 1067, 2872], 'output': [327, 2696], 'at': [328, 511, 835, 859, 1852, 3622], 'threshold': [331, 4072], 'cellsMikhail': [335], 'Y.': [336, 680], 'Lipin': [337], 'Jozsef': [339], 'Vigh15': [340], '113,': [348], '2Genetic': [350], 'disruption': [351], 'On': [354], 'pathway': [356, 2817, 3292], 'affects': [357], 'cortical': [358, 715], 'orientation': [359], 'selectivity': [360], 'contrast': [362], 'sensitivity': [363, 916, 2070], 'miceRashmi': [365], 'Sarnaik,': [366], 'Hui': [367], 'Chen,': [368], 'Xiaorong': [369], 'Liu,': [370], 'Jianhua': [372], 'Cang1': [373], '2014': [375], '111,': [381], '11Aging': [383], 'Related': [384], 'Changes': [385, 1996], 'Retina': [387, 1906], 'Optic': [389], 'Nerve': [390], 'Uromastyx': [392], 'aegyptia': [393], 'Falco': [395], 'tinnunculusACS': [396], 'Chemical': [397], 'Neuroscience,': [398, 927, 1280, 1802], '5,': [400], '1Focus': [402], 'vision:': [404, 712], '3': [405], 'decades': [406], 'remarkable': [408], 'contributions': [409], 'biology': [411], 'medicineThe': [413], 'FASEB': [414, 473], 'Journal,': [415, 474, 526], '25,': [417, 1703, 3349], '2Molecular': [419], 'Layer': [420], 'Inhibitory': [421, 1821, 1901], 'Interneurons': [422], 'Provide': [423], 'Feedforward': [424], 'Lateral': [426, 993, 1900], 'Inhibition': [427, 994], 'Dorsal': [430], 'Cochlear': [431], 'NucleusMichael': [432], 'T.': [433, 603, 1553], 'Roberts,': [434], 'Laurence': [436], 'O.': [437], 'Trussell1': [438], 'November': [439, 842, 905, 923, 1078, 1105, 1532, 1555, 1962], '2010': [440, 460, 523], '104,': [446], '5Intrinsically': [448], 'Photosensitive': [449], 'Ganglion': [451, 750, 997, 1246, 1827, 2020], 'CellsMichael': [452, 494], 'Tri': [453], 'Hoang': [454], 'Do,': [455], 'King-Wai': [457], 'Yau1': [458], 'October': [459, 1722, 1834, 1866, 4142], 'Reviews,': [463, 3831], '90,': [465, 912], '4Light': [467], 'sight:': [469], 'milestones': [470], 'phototransductionThe': [472], '24,': [476, 3463, 3477, 3492, 3509], '4Evidence': [478], 'that': [479, 2584, 3845], 'Exocytosis': [480], 'Is': [481, 1214, 1845, 2022], 'Driven': [482], 'Calcium': [484, 488, 1666, 1740], 'Entry': [485], 'Through': [486], 'Multiple': [487], 'Channels': [489, 1263], 'Goldfish': [491], 'Coggins': [495], 'David': [497], 'Zenisek1': [498], '2009': [500, 1774], '101,': [506], '5Throwing': [508], 'glance': [510], 'neural': [513, 1765, 2291, 3291, 3607], 'code:': [514], 'Rapid': [515], 'transmission': [517, 780, 1122, 2464, 2900, 3721], 'system7': [521], 'HFSP': [525], '3,': [528], '1Visual': [530], 'Prosthesis1': [531], '2008': [533], 'Perception,': [535, 584, 651], '37,': [537], '10Circuit': [539], 'Motifs': [540], 'Spatial': [542], 'Orientation': [543], 'Behaviors': [544], 'Identified': [545], 'Network': [548], 'OptimizationN.': [549], 'A.': [550, 1716], 'Dunn,': [551], 'S.': [553, 556, 1864, 1914], 'Conery,': [554], 'R.': [557, 683, 999, 1331, 1583], 'Lockery1': [558], 'August': [559, 605, 766, 1306, 1336, 1361, 1624], '2007': [560], '98,': [566], '2Demonstrations': [568], 'Spatiotemporal': [570], 'Integration': [571, 1388], 'what': [573], 'they': [574], 'Tell': [575], 'us': [576], 'about': [577], 'System25': [580], '35,': [586], '11Circuits': [588], 'Properties': [590, 1242], 'Signal': [592, 2463], 'Transmission': [593], 'RetinaPaul': [596], 'Witkovsky,': [597], 'William': [598], 'K.': [599, 1720], 'Stell,': [600], 'Andrew': [602], 'Ishida1': [604], '2006': [606, 635], '96,': [612], '2Form': [614], 'Function': [616], 'on-off': [618], 'Amphibian': [623], 'RetinaRobert': [624], 'F.': [625, 966, 1047], 'Miller,': [626], 'Nathan': [627], 'P.': [628], 'Staff,': [629], 'Toby': [631], 'Velte1': [633], '95,': [641], '5The': [643], 'Hermann': [644], 'Grid': [645], 'Illusion': [646], 'Revisited25': [647], '34,': [653, 2044, 2122, 2139], '11Making': [655], 'approachableGary': [658], 'Matthews1': [659], '2005': [661, 690], '93,': [667, 696], '6Retinal': [669], 'Input': [672, 858], 'Mechanisms': [673, 1902], 'Giant': [675], 'Danio.': [676], 'Electroretinographic': [678], 'AnalysisKwoon': [679], 'Wong,': [681], 'Alan': [682], 'Adolph,': [684], 'John': [686, 1913], 'E.': [687], 'Dowling1': [688], '1GABAC': [698], 'receptor-mediated': [699], 'inhibition': [700, 1785, 3553], 'retinaVision': [703, 2136, 2219, 2621, 2640, 2658, 2802, 2821, 3474, 3489, 3506, 3578, 3646, 3713, 3724, 3740, 3903, 3948, 3982], '44,': [706, 719, 2269], '28Center-surround': [708], 'antagonism': [709], 'or': [714], 'locus?Vision': [716], '21Expression': [721], 'calcium': [723, 1182, 2617, 3537], 'transporters': [724], 'tiger': [730, 938, 1399, 2057, 2217, 2865, 2954, 3123, 3487, 4000], 'salamander': [731, 939, 1400, 1883, 2218, 2336, 2955, 3124, 3488], '(Ambystoma': [732], 'tigrinum)1': [733], '2004': [735, 767, 870, 1168, 1362, 1625, 1886], 'The': [737, 845, 872, 944, 1081, 1170, 1191, 1364, 1486, 1627, 1888, 2694, 3209, 3755], 'Comparative': [740, 947, 1084, 1110, 1194, 1373, 2428, 3235], 'Neurology,': [741, 948, 1085, 1111, 1195], '475,': [743], '4Light-Evoked': [745], 'Oscillatory': [746], 'Discharges': [747], 'Are': [752], 'Generated': [753], 'Rhythmic': [755], 'Synaptic': [756, 857, 1450, 1461, 1822], 'InputsItaru': [757], 'Arai,': [758], 'Yoshiyuki': [759], 'Yamada,': [760], 'Tomomitsu': [761], 'Asaka,': [762], 'Masao': [764], 'Tachibana1': [765], '92,': [773], '2AMPA': [775], 'receptor': [776, 955, 1068, 2128], 'is': [777, 814, 823, 1093, 1790, 2380, 2585, 2592], 'involved': [778], 'signal': [783, 1121, 1351, 2769, 3358, 3898], 'ON': [785, 933, 1102, 1164, 2038, 2147, 2361, 2750, 3067], 'carp': [789, 1131, 2639, 2971, 3331, 3406, 3695, 3775, 3859, 3902, 4159], 'retinaBrain': [790, 1132, 2539, 2558, 2939, 3072, 3089, 3125, 4036, 4126], '1002,': [793], '1-2VISUAL': [795], 'INFORMATION': [796], 'ACQUISITION': [797], 'IN': [798], 'VERTEBRATE': [799], 'RETINAInternational': [800], 'Information': [803, 1512], 'Acquisition,': [804], '01,': [806], '01Visual': [808], 'processing': [809, 2295, 3383, 3825, 3959], 'rapidly': [811], 'presented': [812], 'stimuli': [813], "Parkinson's": [817], 'disease': [818], 'when': [819], 'proximal': [820, 3453], 'stimulus': [821], 'strength': [822], 'enhancedVision': [824], '43,': [827], '26Center-surround': [829], 'Antagonism': [830], 'Mediated': [831], 'Proton': [833], 'Signaling': [834], 'Synapse:': [839, 1855], 'Figure': [840], '1.10': [841], '2003': [843, 906, 924, 942, 973, 1006, 1023, 1054], 'General': [848], 'Physiology,': [849, 875, 979, 1060, 1173, 1367, 1630, 1891, 4116], '122,': [851], '6Glycine': [853], 'Glycinergic': [856], 'Axon': [861, 989, 1695], 'Terminals': [862, 990], 'Mammalian': [864, 1523, 1641], 'Rod': [866, 1669], 'Cells16': [868], 'July': [869, 1167, 1188, 1773], '553,': [877], '3Mammalian': [879], 'Express': [883], 'Inwardly': [884], 'Rectifying': [885], 'K+': [886, 1440], 'Currents': [887, 1521, 1667, 1823], '(IKir)': [888], 'With': [889], 'Different': [891], 'Distribution': [892], 'Than': [893], 'That': [894], 'IhYu-Ping': [896], 'Ma,': [897], 'Jinjuan': [898], 'Cui,': [899], 'Hui-Juan': [900, 1530], 'Hu,': [901], 'Zhuo-Hua': [903], 'Pan1': [904, 1678], '5Temporal': [914], 'modulation': [915, 958, 1039, 2184, 2467, 2756], 'tree': [918], 'shrew': [919], 'cells18': [922], '20,': [929, 2961, 2974, 3817, 4084], '04Go?': [931], 'labels': [932], 'retina25': [940], '461,': [950], '2Mechanism': [952], 'linking': [953], 'NMDA': [954, 1035], 'activation': [956, 3769], 'voltage-gated': [960, 1041], 'sodium': [961, 2390], 'current': [962, 2583], 'distal': [964, 2494, 3455, 4031], 'retinaScott': [965], 'Davis,': [967, 1048], 'Cindy': [969], 'L.': [970, 1051, 1747], 'Linn1': [971, 1052], 'American': [975, 1056], 'Physiology-Cell': [978, 1059], '284,': [981, 1062], '5Spike-Dependent': [983], 'GABA': [984, 1158, 1218, 2211, 4026], 'Inputs': [985], 'Contribute': [991], 'CellsColleen': [998], 'Shields,': [1000], 'Lukasiewicz1': [1004], '89,': [1012], '5Beyond': [1014], 'gap:': [1016], 'functions': [1017], 'unpaired': [1019], 'connexon': [1020], 'channels1': [1021], 'Nature': [1025, 1801], 'Reviews': [1026], 'Molecular': [1027], '4Activation': [1033, 1731], 'receptors': [1036, 3177], 'linked': [1037, 2552], 'ion': [1042], 'channels': [1043, 1441, 2364], 'functional': [1045, 3024, 3672], 'implicationsS.': [1046], 'C.': [1050, 1751], 'March': [1053], '3Expression': [1064], 'AMPA-type': [1066], 'subunit': [1069, 1091], '(GluR2)': [1070], 'ON-bipolar': [1072], 'neurons': [1073, 2722, 2947, 3415, 3927, 4049], 'rat': [1076, 1162, 2249, 3252, 3313], 'retina26': [1077], '2002': [1079, 1106, 1189, 1231, 1253], '455,': [1087, 1113], '2G': [1089], 'protein': [1090], 'Gγ13': [1092], 'coexpressed': [1094], 'with': [1095, 2111, 2741], 'Gαo,': [1096], 'Gβ3,': [1097], 'Gβ4': [1099], 'cells26': [1104], '1Different': [1115], 'low': [1118], 'Ca2+': [1119, 1262, 1288], 'rods': [1124, 2902], 'cones': [1126, 1356, 3117], '957,': [1135], '1Fundamental': [1137], 'mechanisms': [1138, 1451, 1462, 3608], 'motion': [1141, 2033, 3387], 'detection:': [1142], 'models,': [1143], 'functionsProgress': [1146], 'Neurobiology,': [1148, 2285, 3815], '68,': [1150], '6Control': [1152], 'intracellular': [1154, 2669, 3355], 'chloride': [1155, 3779], 'concentration': [1156, 2618], 'polarity': [1160], 'cells22': [1166], '545,': [1175], '1Cell-specific': [1177], 'expression': [1178, 2568], 'plasma': [1180], 'membrane': [1181, 3102, 3341], 'ATPase': [1183], 'isoforms': [1184], 'neurons26': [1187], '451,': [1197], '1Propagation': [1199], 'Action': [1201], 'Potentials': [1202], 'From': [1203], 'Soma': [1205], 'Individual': [1207], 'Dendrite': [1208], 'Cultured': [1210], 'Rat': [1211, 1294, 1676, 1979], 'Regulated': [1215], 'Local': [1217], 'InputYoshitake': [1219], 'Yamada*,': [1220], 'Amane': [1221], 'Koizumi*,': [1222], 'Eisuke': [1223], 'Iwasaki,': [1224], 'Shu-Ichi': [1225, 1301], 'Watanabe,': [1226, 1302], 'Akimichi': [1228, 1304], 'Kaneko1': [1229, 1305], '87,': [1237, 1259], '6Heterogeneous': [1239], 'Intrinsic': [1240], 'Firing': [1241], 'Vertebrate': [1244], 'CellsToshihide': [1247], 'Tabata,': [1248], 'Masanobu': [1250], 'Kano1': [1251], '1T-Type': [1261], 'Mediate': [1264], 'Neurotransmitter': [1265], 'Release': [1266, 1810], 'CellsNeuron,': [1270], '32,': [1272, 2839], '1The': [1274, 3130, 3666], 'fundamental': [1275], 'plan': [1276], 'retinaNature': [1279], '9Persistent': [1284], 'Na+': [1285, 1520], 'Current': [1286, 1289, 1566, 1741], 'Boost': [1290], 'Graded': [1291], 'Depolarization': [1292], 'CultureAmane': [1299], 'Koizumi,': [1300], '2001': [1307, 1337], '86,': [1313, 1343], '2Interactions': [1315], 'Between': [1316], 'off': [1319, 3747], 'Signals': [1320], 'Directional': [1322], 'Motion': [1323], 'Detectors': [1324], 'Feeding': [1325], 'NOT': [1327], 'WallabyM.': [1330], 'Ibbotson,': [1332], 'C.W.G.': [1334], 'Clifford1': [1335], '2The': [1345], 'dynamic': [1346], 'feedback': [1350, 3034], 'horizontal': [1353, 1467, 2075, 2191, 2213, 2232, 2437, 2522, 2549, 2780, 2798, 2906, 2980, 3203, 3238, 3469, 3482, 3501, 3543, 3574, 3613, 3708, 3736, 4121], 'goldfish': [1359, 2738, 3088], 'retina5': [1360], '534,': [1369], '2Chapter': [1371], '2': [1372, 1485, 2462, 3512], 'anatomy': [1374], 'major': [1376], 'pathways': [1378, 3748, 3899, 3915], 'eyes': [1381], 'nocturnal': [1383], 'diurnal': [1385], 'mammalsChapter': [1386], '8': [1387, 2479, 2693], 'segregation': [1390], 'signals': [1393], 'retinaChapter': [1401, 1435, 1480], '10': [1402, 2502], 'ON-': [1405], 'OFF-pathways': [1407], 'zebrafish': [1410], 'retina:': [1411, 2169, 2710, 2893, 3180, 3332, 3560, 3754, 3860, 3913, 3931], 'neurotransmitter': [1412], 'localization,': [1413], 'electrophysiological': [1414, 1447, 2672], 'cells,': [1418], 'patterns': [1420, 3634], 'axon': [1422, 2774], 'terminal': [1423, 2775], 'stratificationChapter': [1424], '12': [1425], 'Plasticity': [1426], 'AII': [1428], 'amacrine': [1429, 2095, 2165, 2312, 2482, 2968, 3036, 3273, 3327, 3402, 3750, 3760, 3839, 3954, 3992], 'circuitry': [1431, 3909], 'mammalian': [1434, 3753, 3947], '13': [1436], 'Neuromodulation': [1437], 'voltage-dependent': [1439], 'cells:': [1444, 2907, 3788, 3803], 'immunocytochemical': [1445], 'studiesChapter': [1448], '14': [1449], 'shaping': [1452], 'light-response': [1455], 'cellsChapter': [1459, 1468], '30': [1460], 'network': [1464, 2890], 'adaptation': [1465, 2229, 3001, 3466, 3526, 3879], '36': [1469], 'Circadian': [1470], 'clock': [1471], 'regulation': [1472], 'neuronal': [1474, 2517], 'vertebrate': [1479, 2509, 3892], '52': [1481], 'Reflections': [1482], 'commentsChapter': [1484], 'dynamics': [1487], 'primate': [1489, 2685], 'cellsA': [1492], 'New': [1493, 2682], 'Labor': [1494], 'Agreement': [1495], 'Retina?Neuron,': [1498], '28,': [1500, 1517], '3Bipolar': [1502], 'Use': [1504], 'Kainate': [1505], 'AMPA': [1507], 'Filter': [1510], 'into': [1513], 'Separate': [1514], 'ChannelsNeuron,': [1515], '3Voltage-Dependent': [1519], 'CellsZhuo-Hua': [1527], 'Pan,': [1528], 'Hu1': [1531], '2000': [1533, 1556, 1590, 1649, 1680], '84,': [1539, 1562], '5Center-Surround': [1541], 'Interactions': [1542], 'Middle': [1545], 'Temporal': [1546], 'Area': [1548], 'Owl': [1551], 'MonkeyRichard': [1552], 'Born1': [1554], '5I4AA-Sensitive': [1564], 'Chloride': [1565], 'Center': [1570], 'Light': [1571, 1908, 2016], 'Responses': [1572, 1635], 'Tiger': [1578, 1954], 'Salamander': [1579, 1825, 1955], 'RetinaFan': [1580], 'Gao,': [1581, 1829], 'Bruce': [1582], 'Maple,': [1584], 'Samuel': [1586, 1831, 1959], 'M.': [1587, 1832, 1960], 'Wu1': [1588, 1833, 1961], '83,': [1596, 1655, 1686], '6Blood': [1598], 'Glucose': [1599], 'Dependence': [1600], 'Flicker': [1603], 'ThresholdDiabetes': [1604], 'Technology': [1605], '&': [1606], 'Therapeutics,': [1607], '2,': [1609, 2287], '1Response': [1611, 1940], 'field': [1615, 2931], 'widths': [1616], 'on-bipolar': [1618], 'retina13': [1623], '524,': [1632], '3Light-Evoked': [1634], 'RetinaThomas': [1642], 'Euler,': [1643], 'H.': [1646], 'Masland1': [1647], '4Differential': [1657], 'Expression': [1658], 'High-': [1660], 'Two': [1662, 4135], 'Types': [1663], 'Low-Voltage–Activated': [1665], 'RetinaZhuo-Hua': [1677], '1Light': [1688], 'Evokes': [1689], 'Ca': [1690], '2+': [1691], 'Spikes': [1692], 'Terminal': [1696], 'CellNeuron,': [1701], '1Contrast': [1705], 'Rectification': [1706], 'Distributed': [1708], 'Encoding': [1709], 'Byon-off': [1710], 'RetinaDwight': [1715], 'Burkhardt,': [1717], 'Patrick': [1719], 'Fahey1': [1721], '1999': [1723, 1754], '82,': [1729, 2100], 'Metabotropic': [1733], 'Glutamate': [1734, 1809, 1850], 'Modulates': [1736], 'Voltage-Gated': [1738], 'Sustained': [1739, 1897], 'Teleost': [1744], 'Horizontal': [1745], 'CellCindy': [1746], 'Linn,': [1748], 'Adele': [1750], 'Gafka1': [1752], '81,': [1760], '2Temporal': [1762], 'aspects': [1763], 'coding': [1766], 'lateral': [1771, 2225], 'geniculate9': [1772], 'Network:': [1776], 'Computation': [1777], 'Systems,': [1780], '10,': [1782, 3549], '4Lateral': [1784], 'inner': [1788], 'important': [1791, 3958], 'tuning': [1794], 'cells1': [1797], 'December': [1798], '1998': [1799, 1835, 1867, 1917], '1,': [1804, 2923], '8Submillisecond': [1806], 'Kinetics': [1807], 'Sensory': [1813], 'SynapseNeuron,': [1814], '21,': [1816, 3906, 3921, 3938, 3951, 3967, 3985, 4004], '5Characterization': [1818], 'Spontaneous': [1820], 'CellsFan': [1828], '80,': [1841, 1873], '4Voltage-Dependent': [1843], 'Uptake': [1844], 'Major': [1847], 'Determinant': [1848], 'Concentration': [1851], 'An': [1856], 'Analytical': [1857], 'StudyBotond': [1858], 'Roska,': [1859], 'Lubor': [1860], 'Gaal,': [1861], 'Frank': [1863], 'Werblin1': [1865], '4Glycinergic': [1875], 'inputs': [1877, 3669, 3732], 'retina22': [1884], '506,': [1893], '3Modulation': [1895], 'Transient': [1899], 'Mudpuppy': [1905], 'During': [1907], 'AdaptationPaul': [1909], 'B.': [1910], 'Cook,': [1911], 'McReynolds1': [1915], '79,': [1923], '1Varieties': [1925], 'Binocular': [1927], 'Interaction': [1928, 2035], 'Human': [1930], 'Vision6': [1931], 'Psychological': [1935], '9,': [1938], 'Sensitivity': [1941], 'Voltage': [1943], 'Gain': [1944], 'Rod-': [1947], 'Cone-Bipolar': [1949], 'Synapses': [1951], 'Dark-Adapted': [1953], 'RetinaXiong-Li': [1956], 'Yang,': [1957], '1997': [1963, 1983, 2007], '78,': [1969], '5Functional': [1971], 'RetinaEspen': [1980], 'Hartveit1': [1981], '77,': [1989, 2013], '4Ionic': [1991], 'Basis': [1992], 'Learning-Correlated': [1994], 'Excitability': [1995], 'Hermissenda': [1998], 'Type': [1999], 'PhotoreceptorsJoseph': [2001], 'Farley,': [2002], 'Yunru': [2004], 'Han1': [2005], '4The': [2015, 2360], 'Response': [2017], 'Truncated': [2023], 'Displaced': [2026], 'CircuitNeuron,': [2028], '18,': [2030], '4Global': [2032], 'perception:': [2034], 'OFF': [2040, 2363, 2533, 2752], 'pathwaysVision': [2041], '21Neural': [2046], 'organization': [2047, 3667], 'lamina': [2050], 'neuropil': [2051], 'larva': [2054], 'beetle': [2058], '(Cicindela': [2059], 'chinensis)Cell': [2060], 'Tissue': [2062, 3285], '278,': [2065], '1Threshold': [2067], 'chromatic': [2069, 3823], 'changes': [2071, 2614], 'fish': [2073, 3505], 'following': [2077], 'prolonged': [2078, 2715], 'darknessBrain': [2079, 2716], '659,': [2082], '1-2Early': [2084], 'vitro': [2086, 2785, 2835], 'development': [2087], 'voltage-': [2089], 'transmitter-gated': [2091], 'currents': [2092, 2188, 2308, 2391, 3538], 'GABAergic': [2094, 2311], 'cellsDevelopmental': [2096], 'Brain': [2097], '1-2Simulations': [2102], 'X': [2104, 2297, 2815], 'Y': [2106, 2299], 'behavior': [2110], 'nonlinear': [2113], 'push-pull': [2114], 'spatiotemporal': [2117, 2294, 2810], 'processingVision': [2119], '13Subcellular': [2124], 'localization': [2125], 'macaque': [2133], 'human': [2135], '10Comparison': [2141], 'waveforms': [2144], 'neuron': [2149, 2590], 'b': [2152], '-wave': [2153], 'electroretinogramVision': [2156], '33,': [2159, 2200, 2222, 2237], '17NADPH-diaphorase': [2161], '(nitric': [2162], 'oxide': [2163], 'synthase)-reactive': [2164], 'rabbit': [2168, 2557, 2655, 2938, 3071, 4095], 'Putative': [2170], 'target': [2171], 'stimulation': [2174], 'lightNeuroscience,': [2176], '57,': [2178], '3Studies': [2180], 'dopamine-dependent': [2183], 'amino': [2186, 3082, 3175, 4091], 'acid-gated': [2187], 'perch': [2195], '(Perca': [2196], 'fluviatilis)Vision': [2197], '15Nonvesicular': [2202], 'release': [2203, 3084, 4087], 'neurotransmitterNeuron,': [2205], '11,': [2207, 2411], '3Effects': [2209], '10The': [2224], 'spread': [2226], 'cat': [2231, 2353, 3517, 3559, 3645, 3801, 3912, 4016], 'responsesVision': [2234], '9Intraocular': [2239], 'injection': [2240], 'APB': [2242], 'decreases': [2243], 'metabolic': [2245], 'superior': [2250], 'colliculusBrain': [2251], 'Research': [2252, 2850, 2867, 3040, 3393, 3408, 3830, 4127], 'Bulletin,': [2253, 4128], '31,': [2255, 2459, 2678], '1-2Pattern': [2257], 'generator': [2258], 'system': [2259, 2635, 3134, 4107], 'as': [2260, 2667, 3956], 'versatile': [2262], 'stimulatorJournal': [2264], 'Neuroscience': [2266, 2675, 2958], 'Methods,': [2267, 2676, 2959], '2-3Feedback': [2271], 'connections': [2272, 2945, 3757], 'operation': [2274], 'outer': [2277], 'plexiform': [2278, 3855], 'layer': [2279], 'retinaCurrent': [2282], 'Opinion': [2283], '4A': [2289], 'unified': [2290], 'cellsBiological': [2302], '67,': [2305, 4118], '1Voltage-gated': [2307], 'putative': [2310, 3269], 'primary': [2315, 3423], 'cultures': [2316], 'slice': [2320], 'preparationsBrain': [2321], '577,': [2324], '1Properties': [2326], 'depolarizing': [2328], 'central': [2333, 3157], 'illumination': [2334], 'slicesBrain': [2338], '576,': [2341], '2Identification': [2343, 3411], 'complex-cell': [2345], 'intensive': [2346], 'nonlinearities': [2347], 'cascade': [2350], 'cortexBiological': [2355], '66,': [2358], 'systemTrends': [2368], 'Neurosciences,': [2370, 3172, 3188, 3195, 3794], '3cGMP-gated': [2374], 'conductance': [2375, 3185], 'suppressed': [2381], 'photoreceptor': [2384, 2469, 2695], 'transmitterNeuron,': [2385], '7,': [2387], '4Voltage-gated': [2389], 'isolated': [2393, 2878, 2987, 3541, 3707], 'cat:': [2399], 'relation': [2400], 'between': [2401, 2797, 2946, 3397, 3481, 3971], 'inactivation': [2403], 'kinetics': [2404], 'typeNeuroscience': [2408], '4Anatomy': [2413], 'physiology': [2415, 3199], 'identified': [2417, 3571], 'wind-sensitive': [2418], 'local': [2419], 'interneurons': [2420], 'cricket': [2423], 'cercal': [2424], 'sensory': [2425], 'systemJournal': [2426], 'Physiology': [2429, 4113], 'A,': [2430], '168,': [2432], '5Studies': [2434], 'rod': [2436, 2634, 3882, 4078], 's-potential': [2439], 'dependence': [2441], 'dark/light': [2444], 'adapted': [2445], 'state:': [2446], 'comparative': [2448], 'study': [2449], 'Cyprinus': [2451], 'carpio': [2452], 'Scyliorhinus': [2454], 'canicula': [2455], 'retinasVision': [2456], '3Chapter': [2461, 3523], 'adaptation-induced': [2466], 'synapses': [2470], 'retinaProgress': [2473, 2510, 3377, 3518], '10Chapter': [2478], 'What': [2480], 'do': [2481], 'do?Progress': [2484], '11Chapter': [2489, 2501, 3511], '9': [2490, 3524], 'Membrane': [2491, 3223], 'properties': [2492, 3103, 3224, 3637], 'neuronsProgress': [2496], 'Functional': [2503, 4136], 'roles': [2504], 'dopamine': [2506, 2713], '11Glial': [2515], 'markers': [2518], 'bass': [2520], 'Müller': [2524], 'cellsBrain': [2525, 3872, 4019], '537,': [2528], '1-2Selective': [2530], 'abolition': [2531], 'kainic': [2536], 'acid-lesioned': [2537], 'chicken': [2538], '535,': [2542, 2561], '2A': [2544, 3290], 'new': [2545], 'type': [2546, 3325], 'wide-field': [2548], 'cell,': [2550], 'presumably': [2551], 'blue': [2554], 'cones,': [2555], '1Na+,K+-ATPase': [2563], 'photoreceptor:': [2566], 'α3': [2570], 'β2': [2572], 'isoformsExperimental': [2573], 'Eye': [2574, 3445, 4161], '51,': [2577], '5An': [2579], 'unusually': [2580], 'small': [2581, 2726], 'potassium': [2582, 2875, 2977, 2984], 'well-suited': [2586], 'which': [2591], 'chronically': [2593], 'depolarizedBrain': [2594], '528,': [2597], '1Neural': [2599], 'models': [2600], 'sustained': [2602], 'ON-OFF': [2604, 3323], 'units': [2605], 'insect': [2607], 'laminaBiological': [2608], '63,': [2611], '1Light-evoked': [2613], 'frog': [2620, 3007, 3658], '30,': [2624, 2643, 2661], '6Electroretinographic': [2626], 'b-wave': [2627], 'merely': [2628], 'reflects': [2629], 'activity': [2631, 2876, 2985, 3457], 'dark-adapted': [2638, 2737, 3053], '7Simulation': [2645], 'movement': [2647], 'detection': [2648, 4074], 'direction-selective': [2650], 'squirrel': [2657], '8Evaluation': [2663], 'horseradish': [2665], 'peroxidase': [2666], 'an': [2668, 3333, 3957], 'stain': [2670], 'recordingJournal': [2673], '1Chapter': [2680], '7': [2681, 3234, 3368], 'views': [2683], 'functionProgress': [2687], '9Chapter': [2692], 'synapseProgress': [2697], '9Localization': [2702], 'cyclic': [2704], 'adenosine': [2705], 'monophosphate': [2706], 'teleost': [2709, 2778, 3712, 4125], '504,': [2719], '1Non-spiking': [2721, 4061], 'supress': [2723], 'fluctuations': [2724], 'networksBiological': [2727], '62,': [2730], '1Sensitivity': [2732], 'ERG': [2734], 'components': [2735], 'retinas': [2739, 3054, 3594], 'treated': [2740], 'APBBrain': [2742], '482,': [2745], '2Glutamatergic': [2747], 'separation': [2748], 'channels:': [2754], 'possible': [2755, 3847], 'glycine': [2758, 4028, 4046], 'acetylcholineEuropean': [2760], 'Pharmacology,': [2763], '162,': [2765], '2Dynamics': [2767], 'conduction': [2770], 'soma': [2772], 'cell:': [2781], 'In': [2782], 'vivo,': [2783], 'studiesVision': [2788, 3935], '29,': [2791, 2805, 2824], '4APB': [2793], 'apparent': [2795], 'coupling': [2796, 3480], 'mudpuppy': [2801, 3443, 4052], 'frequency': [2811], "cat's": [2820, 3981], '3An': [2826], 'autoradiographic': [2827], 'analysis': [2828, 3135, 3267, 4042], 'neurogenesis': [2830], 'chick': [2833], 'retinain': [2834], 'andin': [2836], 'vivoNeuroscience,': [2837, 3564], '3Displaced': [2841], 'indoleamine-accumulating': [2843], 'turtle': [2848, 3473, 3843], 'retinaNeuroscience': [2849, 3407], 'Supplements,': [2851, 2868, 3041, 3394, 3409], '10Signal': [2853], 'transfer': [2854], 'photoreceptors': [2856, 3572], 'salamanderNeuroscience': [2866], '10Effect': [2870], 'cyprinid': [2881, 2991, 3504, 4035], 'fishNeurochemistry': [2882], 'International,': [2883, 4099], 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